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Microorganisms often regulate their gene expression at the level of transcription and/or translation in response to solar radiation. In this review, we present the use of both transcriptomics and proteomics to advance knowledge in the field of bacterial response to damaging radiation. Those studies pertain to diverse application areas such as funda...
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... consequences of DNA lesions are either an inhibition of the progression of the polymerase during DNA replication and transcription or a lesion bypass with misincorporation that could eventually lead to mutations [1,2] (Figure 1). Similarly, strand breaks or oxidative damage to protein-coding RNAs or non-coding RNAs might cause errors in protein synthesis or disregulation of gene expression [4]. ...
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... strand breaks or oxidative damage to protein-coding RNAs or non-coding RNAs might cause errors in protein synthesis or disregulation of gene expression [4]. To protect from cell impairment, microorganisms have a wide variety of strategies to reverse, excise, or tolerate DNA damage (for a review see [1,2]) ( Figure 1). A general response to DNA damage is a delay or arrest of the cell cycle providing more time for DNA repair. ...
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... general response to DNA damage is a delay or arrest of the cell cycle providing more time for DNA repair. Checkpoints were actually first described in bacteria, although the same terminology was not used when they were (see review [10]) ( Figure 1). The suicide response predicts that rapidly growing and respiring cells will suffer growth arrest when subjected to relatively mild stresses, but that their metabolism will continue. ...
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... suicide response predicts that rapidly growing and respiring cells will suffer growth arrest when subjected to relatively mild stresses, but that their metabolism will continue. A burst of free radical production results from this uncoupling of growth from metabolism and it is this free radical burst that is lethal to the cells, rather than the stress per se [11] (Figure 1). The net biological effect of damaging radiation depends upon the balance between the rate of radiation-induced damage and both the efficiency of how the cell protects itself against damage accumulation as well as the rate at which that damage is repaired. ...
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Phenotypic variation is a hallmark of cellular physiology. Metabolic heterogeneity, in particular, underpins single-cell phenomena such as microbial drug tolerance and growth variability. Much research has focussed on transcriptomic and proteomic heterogeneity, yet it remains unclear if such variation permeates to the metabolic state of a cell. Her...
Phenotypic variation is a hallmark of cellular physiology. Metabolic heterogeneity, in particular, underpins single-cell phenomena such as microbial drug tolerance and growth variability. Much research has focussed on transcriptomic and proteomic heterogeneity, yet it remains unclear if such variation permeates to the metabolic state of a cell. Her...
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... Moreover, since C-RIVE currently lacks the impact of solar radiation on bacteria population, this process is not considered in this work. Nevertheless, it is recommended to be considered in future researches, as solar radiation is found to damage the bacteria DNA impacting their growth and oxygen intake rates (Matallana-Surget and Wattiez, 2013). This phenomenon could be included in the model in a simplistic approach either by increasing bacterial mortality or decreasing its growth rate by a given factor. ...
The development of accurate water quality mod-eling tools is necessary for integrated water quality management of river systems. Even though some water quality models can simulate dissolved oxygen (DO) concentrations accurately during high-flow periods and phytoplankton blooms in rivers, significant discrepancies remain during low-flow periods , when the dilution capacity of the rivers is reduced. We use the C-RIVE biogeochemical model to evaluate the influence of controlling parameters on DO simulations at low flow. Based on a coarse model pre-analysis, three sensitivity analyses (SAs) are carried out using the Sobol method. The parameters studied are related to bacterial community (e.g., bacterial growth rate), organic matter (OM; partitioning and degradation of OM into constituent fractions), and physical factors (e.g., reoxygenation of the river due to navigation and wind). Bacterial growth and mortality rates are found to be by far the two most influential parameters, followed by bacterial growth yield. More refined SA results indicate that the biodegradable fraction of dissolved organic matter (BDOM) and the bacterial growth yield are the most influential parameters under conditions of a high net bacterial growth rate (= growth rate − mortality rate), while bacterial growth yield is independently dominant in low net growth situations. Based on the results of this study, proposals are made for in situ measurement of BDOM under an urban area water quality monitoring network that provides high-frequency data. The results also indicate the need for bacterial community monitoring in order to detect potential bacterial community shifts after transient events such as combined sewer overflows and modifications in internal processes of treatment plants. Furthermore, we discuss the inclusion of BDOM in statistical water quality modeling software for improvement in the estimation of organic matter inflow from boundary conditions.
... Other genes known to participate in different stress responses were also upregulated including some involved in DNA repair, cell wall and exopolysaccharide homeostasis, glycerophospholipid metabolism, and vitamin B12 biosynthesis (Text S1 †). 62,67,68 Overall, these results show the signicant impact of visible light on the transcriptome and physiology of C. autoethanogenum during syngas fermentation. It remains unclear how the light signal is perceived and integrated by the acetogen as its genome does not harbor any of the known microbial light-sensing proteins. ...
Illuminated semiconductors stimulate CO2 bioconversion by acetogens and other autotrophic microorganisms. Visible light by itself is known to alter the lifestyle of non-photosynthetic aerobic microbes via photoexcitation stress. The direct...
... Besides, UV radiation exposure involves the creation of photoproducts of thymine dimers and pyrimidine photoreactive products. About 80% of these DNA-borne lesions in microbes are induced by UV radiation at all levels of organization, evoking microbiome dynamics via crippled genetic processes (Matallana-Surget et al., 2008;Matallana-Surget and Wattiez, 2013;Santos et al., 2013;Ayala et al., 2014;de Oliveira et al., 2015;Jones and Baxter, 2017). Species, especially extremophilic bacteria, living in adverse conditions perpetually subjected to solar irradiance harm, have established a variety of photoprotection mechanisms to safeguard themselves from sustained UV stress taking care of vital processes like DNA repair, defensive UV-based oxidative stress, and regulated proteome (Kashefi and Lovley, 2003;Matallana-Surget et al., 2009;Lo´pez-Monde´jar et al., 2016;Gao and Garcia-Pichel, 2011;Matallana-Surget et al., 2014;Albarracín et al., 2012). ...
... UVA radiation and visible light lead to harmful oxidative stress by the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which interact with proteins, lipids, DNA, and on the other hand, can positively affect the repair mechanism, called photoreactivation, by activating the photolyase enzyme. DNA damage from oxidative stress includes base and sugar damage, strand breaks, DNA-protein cross-linking, and base-free sites (Douki, 2013;Matallana-Surget and Wattiez, 2013). ...
This study aimed to assess the possibility of using solar light-driven photolysis and TiO2-based photocatalysis to remove (1) antibiotic residues, (2) their transformation products (TPs), (3) antibiotic resistance determinants, and (4) genes identifying the indicator bacteria in a treated wastewater (secondary effluent). 16 antimicrobials belonging to the different classes and 45 their transformation by-products were selected for the study. The most susceptible to photochemical decomposition was tetracycline, which was completely removed in the photocatalysis process and in more than 80% in the solar light-driven photolysis. 83.8% removal (on average) was observed using photolysis and 89.9% using photocatalysis in the case of the tested genes, among which the genes sul1, uidA, and intI1 showed the highest degree of removal by both methods. The study revealed that applied methods promisingly remove the tested antibiotics, their TPs and genes even in such a complex matrix including treated wastewater and photocatalysis process had a higher removal efficiency of antibiotics, TPs and genes tested. Moreover, the high percentage removal of the intI1 gene (>93%) indicates the possibilities of use of the solar light-driven photolysis and TiO2-based photocatalysis in minimizing the antibiotic resistance genes transfer by mobile genetic elements.
... The impact of space radiation on organisms is an essential aspect of study for space missions. The biological effects of radiation depend upon the quality and quantity of radiation, exposure duration, the quality of the inflicted damage and characteristics and developmental stage of the cell/tissue/organism (Horneck et al., 2010;de Micco et al., 2011;Matallana-Surget and Wattiez, 2013). The significant effect of space ionizing radiation (γ-ray, X-ray, β-ray, α-radiation and neutron radiation) is DNA damage (single-or double-strand breaks), which activates cellular responses leading to cell cycle arrest and appropriate DNA repair mechanisms (base-excision repair, homologous recombination or non-homologous end-joining repair) depending on the nature of the damage (Zhou and Elledge, 2000). ...
The unique environment of space is characterized by several stress factors, including intense radiation, microgravity, high vacuum and extreme temperatures, among others. These stress conditions individually or in-combination influence genetics and gene regulation and bring potential evolutionary changes in organisms that would not occur under the Earth's gravity regime (1 × g). Thus, space can be explored to support the emergence of new varieties of microbes and plants, that when selected for, can exhibit increased growth and yield, improved resistance to pathogens, enhanced tolerance to drought, low nutrient and disease, produce new metabolites and others. These properties may be more difficult to achieve using other approaches under 1 × g. This review provides an overview of the space microgravity and ionizing radiation conditions that significantly influence organisms. Changes in the genomics, physiology, phenotype, growth and metabolites of organisms in real and simulated microgravity and radiation conditions are illustrated. Results of space biological experiments show that the space environment has significant scientific, technological and commercial potential. Combined these potentials can help address the future of life on Earth, part of goal e of astrobiology.
... Aside from inactivation, in experiments using solar UV and UV-A disinfection, it was reported that adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels per cell, efflux pump activity, membrane potential and glucose uptake were reduced [56]. Matallana-Surget and Wattiez [57] reviewed that there are several different responses from microorganisms subjected to UV irradiation (DNA damage), including cell cycle arrest, repair pathways, stress responses, damage tolerance and cell death. In general, (solar) UV radiation can lead to protein damage due to oxidative stress, including amino acid modifications, carbonyl group formation and protein-protein cross-links [57]. ...
... Matallana-Surget and Wattiez [57] reviewed that there are several different responses from microorganisms subjected to UV irradiation (DNA damage), including cell cycle arrest, repair pathways, stress responses, damage tolerance and cell death. In general, (solar) UV radiation can lead to protein damage due to oxidative stress, including amino acid modifications, carbonyl group formation and protein-protein cross-links [57]. ...
... Cell cycle arrest: Cells experiencing DNA damage might delay or stop the cell cycle to provide more time for DNA repair [57,121]. This delay could further impact the biofilm build-up. ...
Biofouling is a major concern for numerous reverse osmosis membrane systems. UV pretreatment of the feed stream showed promising results but is still not an established technology as it does not maintain a residual effect. By conducting accelerated biofouling experiments in this study, it was investigated whether low fluence UV in situ treatment of the feed using UVC light-emitting diodes (UVC-LEDs) has a lasting effect on the biofilm. The application of UVC-LEDs for biofouling control is a novel hybrid technology that has not been investigated, yet. It could be shown that a low fluence of 2 mJ∙cm−2 delays biofilm formation by more than 15% in lab-scale experiments. In addition, biofilms at the same feed channel pressure drop exhibited a more than 40% reduced hydraulic resistance. The delay is probably linked to the inactivation of cells in the feed stream, modified adsorption properties or an induced cell cycle arrest. The altered hydraulic resistance might be caused by a change in the microbial community, as well as reduced adenosine triphosphate levels per cells, possibly impacting quorum sensing and extracellular polymeric substances production. Due to the observed biofilm attributes, low fluence UV-LED in situ treatment of the feed stream seems to be a promising technology for biofouling control.
... The study of bacterial response to radiation provides the possibility of using bacteria in various research fields such as fundamental microbiology, microbial ecology, UV-decontamination for water treatment, astrobiology and industrial applications (e.g. cosmetics) (Matallana-Surget & Wattiez, 2013). ...
... These radionuclides are extensively dispersed in the Earth's crust (Quindos et al., 1991). In fact, the distribution of radionuclide concentrations is dependent on local geology (Mares, 1984) and geographical factors (Jibiri, 2001). Information about the state of natural radioactivity is necessary for various purposes (El-Gamal et al., 2013). ...
... E. mobile BBCC367 showed a high resistance to UVB exposure (Matallana-Surget et al., 2012b) and thus, was selected as a model organism to study UV resistance. Most bacterial species when exposed to elevated levels of solar UV radiation (UVR) respond with decreases in abundance as well as their amino acid uptake, exo-enzymatic activities, oxygen consumption, protein, and DNA synthesis (Alonso-Saez et al., 2006;Matallana-Surget and Wattiez, 2013). Nonetheless, Farías et al. (2009) showed Roseobacter abundances to increase with solar exposure, even at very high altitudes observed in the Laguna Vilama, a hypersaline Andean lake in Chile (4,650 m) exposed to high doses of UVR. ...
... The L-arabinose-binding periplasmic protein precursor AraF (EPIB2_549; ratio value 0.01), and ornithine cyclodeaminase (EPIB1_2796; ratio value 0.02) both involved in amino acid transport pathways, showed the lowest ratio values in E. mobile BBCC367 and significantly low ratio values compared to previous UV quantitative proteomic studies (Matallana-Surget and Wattiez, 2013). Proteins involved in amino acid synthesis in P. angustum S14 were also down-regulated under UVB treatment (Matallana-Surget et al., 2012a). ...
... Two proteins involved in folate metabolism (5formyltetrahydrofolate cyclo-ligase; EPIB1_1054; ratio value 0.25 and xanthine dehydrogenase, iron-sulfur cluster and FAD-binding subunit A; EPIB1_2841; ratio value 0.30) were down-regulated in response to UVB radiation (Table 3), confirming former studies showing UV stressed cells would preferentially use energy for particular UV resistance mechanisms rather than general metabolic processes (Matallana-Surget et al., 2012a;Matallana-Surget and Wattiez, 2013). The oxydoreductase, 3-hydroxyisobutyrate dehydrogenase (EPIB2_571), which carries out valine, leucine and isoleucine degradation and is involved in the production of acetyl-CoA was found to be up-regulated in the dark condition (0.41 UV: dark ratio). ...
Epibacterium mobile BBCC367 is a marine bacterium that is common in coastal areas. It belongs to the Roseobacter clade, a widespread group in pelagic marine ecosystems. Species of the Roseobacter clade are regularly used as models to understand the evolution and physiological adaptability of generalist bacteria. E. mobile BBCC367 comprises two chromosomes and two plasmids. We used gel-free shotgun proteomics to assess its protein expression under 16 different conditions, including stress factors such as elevated temperature, nutrient limitation, high metal concentration, and UVB exposure. Comparison of the different conditions allowed us not only to retrieve almost 70% of the predicted proteins, but also to define three main protein assemblages: 584 essential core proteins, 2,144 facultative accessory proteins and 355 specific unique proteins. While the core proteome mainly exhibited proteins involved in essential functions to sustain life such as DNA, amino acids, carbohydrates, cofactors, vitamins and lipids metabolisms, the accessory and unique proteomes revealed a more specific adaptation with the expression of stress-related proteins, such as DNA repair proteins (accessory proteome), transcription regulators and a significant predominance of transporters (unique proteome). Our study provides insights into how E. mobile BBCC367 adapts to environmental changes and copes with diverse stresses.
... Large- scale analysis in a UV-B resistant bacteria group isolated from rice, Enterobacter cloacae, revealed broad changes in ROS and in the number and expression of proteins upon exposure to UV- B ( Kumar et al., 2016). Future studies in the function of these proteins, together with gene expression profiling, may further elucidate the mechanisms of phyllospheric bacteria resistance and adaptation to UV-B (Matallana-Surget and Wattiez, 2013;Kumar et al., 2016). Effects of UV light on bacterial diversity may as well impact other groups of microorganisms. ...
Plant–phyllosphere interactions depend on microbial diversity, the plant host and environmental factors. Light is perceived by plants and by microorganisms and is used as a cue for their interaction. Photoreceptors respond to narrow-bandwidth wavelengths and activate specific internal responses. Light-induced plant responses include changes in hormonal levels, production of secondary metabolites, and release of volatile compounds, which ultimately influence plant–phyllosphere interactions. On the other hand, microorganisms contribute making some essential elements (N, P, and Fe) biologically available for plants and producing growth regulators that promote plant growth and fitness. Therefore, light directly or indirectly influences plant–microbe interactions. The usage of light-emitting diodes in plant growth facilities is helping increasing knowledge in the field. This progress will help define light recipes to optimize outputs on plant–phyllosphere communications. This review describes research advancements on light-regulated plant–phyllosphere interactions. The effects of full light spectra and narrow bandwidth-wavelengths from UV to far-red light are discussed.
... Nevertheless, a high dosage of IR can force organisms to develop mechanisms that enable them to survive in extreme conditions. Many cells naturally resist the ionizing effects of radiation, particularly in cases of the low exposure levels commonly found in the environment [95]. ...
One of the new challenges facing humanity is to reach increasingly further distant space targets. It is therefore of upmost importance to understand the behavior of microorganisms that will unavoidably reach the space environment together with the human body and equipment. Indeed, microorganisms could activate their stress defense mechanisms, modifying properties related to human pathogenesis. The host-microbe interactions, in fact, could be substantially affected under spaceflight conditions and the study of microorganisms' growth and activity is necessary for predicting these behaviors and assessing precautionary measures during spaceflight. This review gives an overview of the effects of microgravity and space radiation on microorganisms both in real and simulated conditions.
