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Bermuda grass: empirical models for estimation of LAI and CH as a function of growing degree days for the autumnwinter (a) and spring-summer (b) seasons, and growth curves of CH (c) and LAI (d) as a function of the number of days after cutting. Piracicaba-SP, Brazil, 2016/17.
Source publication
One of the limitations to producing irrigated forages is setting suitable biometric parameters to establish the entrance of animals to grazing areas. Such parameters can be measured or even estimated. Estimates are advantageous for being practical and able to be used for grazing optimization. This study aimed to evaluate the correlation among growi...
Contexts in source publication
Context 1
... shown in Figure 3 (b), Bermuda grass had a linear growth in the spr-sum cropping and showed similar values of final LAI for both seasons (3.27 and 3.26) with an average cycle of 21 and 33 days, respectively. The cycles adopted here fit well the growth and LAI of the studied forages, and the 12-day increase in aut-win cycles was coherent when compared to the spr-sum ones. ...
Context 2
... shown in Figure 3 (b), Bermuda grass had a linear growth in the spr-sum cropping and showed similar values of final LAI for both seasons (3.27 and 3.26) with an average cycle of 21 and 33 days, respectively. The cycles adopted here fit well the growth and LAI of the studied forages, and the 12-day increase in aut-win cycles was coherent when compared to the spr-sum ones. ...
Context 3
... shown in Figure 3 (b), Bermuda grass had a linear growth in the spr-sum cropping and showed similar values of final LAI for both seasons (3.27 and 3.26) with an average cycle of 21 and 33 days, respectively. The cycles adopted here fit well the growth and LAI of the studied forages, and the 12-day increase in aut-win cycles was coherent when compared to the spr-sum ones. ...
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The objective of this work was to evaluate the influence of luminosity and different substrates on Bermuda grass (Cynodon dactylon x C. transvaalensis) chlorophyll a and b contents and root system evaluation. The experiment was conducted in a 5 x 4 factorial scheme (substrates x luminosities), in completely randomized design with 20 treatments and...
Bermudagrass (Cynodon (L.)) is the most important warm-season grass grown for forage or turf. It shows extensive variation in morphological characteristics and growth attributes, but the genetic basis of this variation is little understood. Detection and tagging of quantitative trait loci (QTL) affecting above-ground morphology with diagnostic DNA...
Citations
... 2c and 2d), with 31% less than the daily thermal sum in-season dry. Similar results were observed by [17], with GDD daily accumulations higher in the spring/summer to Guinea grass with 36% (6.6 GDD d -1 in the autumn/winter, and 10.2 GDD d -1 spring/summer). ...
... 2c and 2d), both periods, with values of a similar thermal sum around 290 GDD, the crop reached the cut point or grazing with Luminous Interception Index by maximum leaves (LI = 95%) [6,8,14]. [17], noticed the same resulting to Guinea and Bermuda grasses (Cynodon genus) and concluded that it is possible to obtain correlation among CH, LAI, and GDD. ...
... 4b and 4d). Thus, this could be relating to nitrogen cover fertilization, applied after the forage cut, and the peak of Guinea grass growth that occurs in the first days after the cut [17]. ...
This study aimed to evaluate the correlation among growing degree-days (GDD), canopy height (CH), and leaf area index (LAI) for irrigated Guinea grass, considering different combinations of nitrogen and boron rates and regrowth cycles. The field experiment was carried out from August/2017 to August/2018, and the regional climate is classified as subtropical. We used a random blocks experimental design arranged in a factorial scheme (4 x 3 x 11), with four replications. The treatments referred to fertilization levels of (i) boron: 0, 1, and 2 kg ha-1; and (ii) nitrogen: 250, 500, 750, and 1,000 kg ha-1, distributed to 11 growth/cutting cycles. We observed high correlation between GDD and the parameters canopy height (CH) and leaf area index (LAI). The nitrogen results showed low influence on CH and LAI, and boron results did not influence these parameters.
... 2c and 2d), with 31% less than the daily thermal sum in-season dry. Similar results were observed by [17], with GDD daily accumulations higher in the spring/summer to Guinea grass with 36% (6.6 GDD d -1 in the autumn/winter, and 10.2 GDD d -1 spring/summer). ...
... 2c and 2d), both periods, with values of a similar thermal sum around 290 GDD, the crop reached the cut point or grazing with Luminous Interception Index by maximum leaves (LI = 95%) [6,8,14]. [17], noticed the same resulting to Guinea and Bermuda grasses (Cynodon genus) and concluded that it is possible to obtain correlation among CH, LAI, and GDD. ...
... 4b and 4d). Thus, this could be relating to nitrogen cover fertilization, applied after the forage cut, and the peak of Guinea grass growth that occurs in the first days after the cut [17]. ...
This study aims to evaluate the correlation among growing degree-days (GDD), canopy height (CH), and leaf area index (LAI) for Guinea grass irrigated, considering the different combinations of the nitrogen and boron rates and cycles of regrowth. The experiment was carried out from August/2017 to August/2018 in a field experiment, and the climate of the region is classified as subtropical. A randomized block design arranged in a factorial scheme (4x3x11) with four replications was used. The treatment was (i) boron fertilization: 0, 1, and 2 kg ha-1; and (ii) nitrogen fertilization: 250, 500, 750, and 1,000 kg ha-1 distributing to 11 growth/cutting cycles. We observed the high correlation between GDD and the parameters evaluated of CH and LAI. The nitrogen results showed a low influence on canopy height and the leaf area index, and boron results did not influence these parameters.
... There is a low efficiency of forage production processes in several properties of the region. According to Siri-Prieto e al (2020), this happens, among other factors, when the management of harvest does not respect the forage plant physiology and when issues of photosynthetically active radiation propitiate the rise of temperature, thermochemical conversion (Siri-Prieto et al., 2020;Dos Santos et al., 2019;Sanches et al., 2019). ...
... Management techniques, such as defoliation and fertilization, specific for forage cultivated in a region, considering the edaphoclimatic conditions, will enhance production on a property. Therefore, it is necessary to combine strategies of frequency, intensity, and defoliation to achieve production efficiency, and for replacement models of the nutrients exported (Sanches et al., 2019;Dos Santos, 2019). ...
... In the cutting management at a height of 70 cm, all fertilization strategies allowed eight production cycles. Despite the same amount of evaluation cycles, the 5AP and EP strategies provided, respectively, 18,7 and 19,5 days of average cycle duration, whereas the national average range between pasture sits between 21 and 24 days (Euclides, 2014;Sanches et al., 2019). ...
Objetivou-se avaliar características de produção do capim Mombaça submetido a diferentes recomendações de adubação com Nitrogênio, Fósforo e Potássio, combinadas com duas alturas de desfolha, bem como os efeitos desses manejos sob os atributos químicos do solo. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos ao acaso, em arranjo fatorial 5 x 2, com seis repetições. Os tratamentos consistiram de cinco recomendações de adubação NPK (sem adubação – SA, estratégia de reposição - RP, estratégia manual 5ª aproximação Minas Gerais – 5AP, estratégia do modelo enzimático de Michaelis-Menten – MM, e, estratégia elevação de P ao máximo teor agronômico – EP), e duas alturas de desfolha (70 e 90 cm de altura). Identificou-se que o número de ciclos de produção é maior na estratégia de corte a 70 cm. Estratégias de adubação para repor os nutrientes exportados pelo pastejo (RP), e, para fornecer metade dos fertilizantes que garantem a máxima produção (MM) são mais eficientes e viáveis a longo prazo para produção de forragem, e não permitem a depleção dos estoques de P e K do solo.
... Water stress by drought disabled U. brizantha and U. decumbens from growing and developing healthily due to oxidation of vital metabolic pathways and physiological processes [44,45]. These references endorsed the adversities of longer periods running from sowing to watering on the technical performance of U. brizantha cv. ...
... Yet, plants with A. brasilense at the lowest dose grew acceptably with a lack of water in the substrate, probably due to alterations in the features of morphoanatomy of the roots and leaves. Any substantial gain in the thickening of epidermis [45] and mesophyll [46][47][48], as well as in the diameter of bulliniform [49], bundle sheath [50][51][52][53] cells, xylem, and phloem [54], can lead to an improvement in the capacity of the plant to capture energy resources from the environment, and then storage them and convert them into biomass through the path of photosynthesis, even in low-water-content substrate. Evidence for the benefits of A. brasilense in the environment of photosynthesis and translocation of photoassimilates from photosynthetic to nonphotosynthetic parts of U. brizantha cv. ...
Development of strategies to ensure grazing systems are sustainably produced in harsh environments, while not fertilizing them conventionally, is challenging. Figuring out the extent to which dose of inoculation and period of watering can positively influence the establishment of an effective symbiosis between U. brizantha cv. Marandu and Azospirillum brasilense is the point of this research. The treatment consisted of mixing 1 kg seeds with the inoculant of the strains Ab-V5 and Ab-V6 at 5, 10, 20, and 40 mL kg−1, 2 x 108 CFU mL−1. The plants grew in pots watered 2, 4, 8, and 16 days after sowing over thirty-days, twice. The bioagent at 5–10 mL kg−1 enabled the plants watered up to 4 days after sowing to peak the production of dry mass of shoots (28.50 g) and roots (12.55 g). The efficiency of the symbiosis goes down quickly with increasing dose and delay of watering. Hence, if the dose of inoculant is higher than 10 mL kg−1, it cannot successfully act in plants watered at least 8 days after sowing anymore. In conclusion, A. brasilense can assist in U. brizantha cv. Marandu growth and healthy development unless a lack of water in the substrate and an overdose collectively deter its potential.
