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Basidiomes of Phylloporus species. a, bP. rimosus (a Garrido 3, b Montoya 5232a) cP. quercophilus (LM5239 holotype). Scale bars: 10 mm.
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We present a proposal of two new species of Phylloporus discovered in tropical oak forests from central Veracruz, Mexico. Both species were distinguished based on macro and micro-morphologic features and supported with a molecular phylogenetic analysis, based on sequences of nuc rDNA ITS, D1, D2 and D3 domains of nuc 28S rDNA (LSU), and transcripti...
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The biogeography of neotropical fungi remains poorly understood. Here, we reconstruct the origins and diversification of neotropical lineages in one of the largest clades of ectomycorrhizal fungi in the globally widespread family Russulaceae.
We inferred a supertree of 3285 operational taxonomic units, representing worldwide internal transcribed sp...
Citations
... Asia is the continent where most species have been taxonomically described (49 species), followed by America (22), Africa (14), and China, USA and Congo, where other species have also been described (Index Fungorum 03/Jan/2022). Phylloporus species are considered to have a tropical affinity (Neves 2007;Ortiz-Santana et al. 2007;Neves and Halling 2010), but in the case of Mexico, the known have been recorded in mesophytic, temperate as well as the tropical oak forests Bandala 1991, 2011;Montoya et al. 2019b). Phylloporus rimosus Bandala, Montoya & Garay and P. quercophilus Montoya, Bandala & Garay have been recently described from a tropical oak forest in the east coast of Mexico (Montoya et al. 2019b). ...
... Phylloporus species are considered to have a tropical affinity (Neves 2007;Ortiz-Santana et al. 2007;Neves and Halling 2010), but in the case of Mexico, the known have been recorded in mesophytic, temperate as well as the tropical oak forests Bandala 1991, 2011;Montoya et al. 2019b). Phylloporus rimosus Bandala, Montoya & Garay and P. quercophilus Montoya, Bandala & Garay have been recently described from a tropical oak forest in the east coast of Mexico (Montoya et al. 2019b). ...
... mm long, mantle bright yellow, some areas paler and other ones ochraceous, with a pruinose surface that provides bright reflections, some branch apex with translucent mantle, with emanating hypha isolated on the mantle or at times frequent. (Montoya et al. 2019b). It should also be mentioned that no ECM of Phylloporus were found in the Q. oleoides stands sampled, although basidiomes of these fungi were frequently recorded. ...
The genus Phylloporus has a worldwide distribution and although members of it are known to be ectomycorrhizal associates of several tree families, their ectomycorrhizas and specific symbiotic interactions are almost unknown. In this study, basidiomes and ectomycorrhizas of Phylloporus were sampled in two monodominant tropical areas from Quercus sapotifolia and Quercus oleoides in eastern Mexico. Mycorrhizal root tips were characterized morpho-anatomically and using molecular method. Phylloporus rimosus and Phylloporus sp. were identified as ectomycorrhizas after bioinformatic analysis of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region and large subunit (28S) of nuclear ribosomal DNA and translation elongation factor 1α (tef1-α) region of root-tips. The morphoanatomical description of these two ectomycorrhizas are presented here. Although there was presence of Phylloporus basidiomes in the two areas where Q. sapotifolia and Q. oleoides trees were dominant, the presence of belowground ectomycorrhizas was scarce. They were only found in a pure stand of Q. sapotifolia. This is the first work that confirms from both morphoanatomical and molecular evidence the ectomycorrhizal association of members of the genus Phylloporus. Moreover, we proved the interaction of Quercus sapotifolia from the tropical Forest of eastern Mexico with two species of Phylloporus.
... The Bosque de Niebla Sanctuary (BNS), a peri-urban natural protected area under the care of the Instituto de Ecología A.C., corresponds to one of these MMF patches in central Veracruz. It presents a rich community of macrofungi, among which new species of different taxonomic groups have been discovered César et al., 2018;Montoya et al., 2019), most of them endemic and not yet studied in terms of their bioactivity. Such is the case of Pseudomarasmius nidus-avis, a recently discovered endemic species of this site, of special interest due to its ecological function (César et al. 2018). ...
... El Santuario de Bosque de Niebla (SBN), un área natural periurbana protegida a cargo del Instituto de Ecología A.C., corresponde a uno de esos parches de BMM en el centro de Veracruz. Presenta una rica comunidad de macrohongos, entre los que se han descubierto nuevas especies de diferentes grupos taxonómicos César et al., 2018;Montoya et al., 2019), la mayoría de ellas endémicas y aún no estudiadas en cuanto a su bioactividad. Tal es el caso de Pseudomarasmius nidus-avis, especie endémica de este sitio recientemente descubierta, de especial interés debido a su función ecológica (César et al. 2018). ...
The mesophytic mountain forest is one of the most biodiverse ecosystems in Mexico, in which there is a diverse mycobiota of which many aspects of its biology and properties are unknown. Pseudomarasmius nidus-avis is a recently discovered and described fungus that forms rhizomorphs used in the nesting habits of birds of the family Tyrannidae (Mionectes oleagineus and Tolmomyias sulfurescens). In this work, the bioactive properties of P. nidus-avis, seven basidiomycetes and two wild ascomycetes from the mesophytic mountain forest of central Veracruz state, Mexico, were evaluated in terms of their effect against phytopathogenic fungal (PF) species such as Fusarium oxysporum (ATCC-417 and CBF-185), Sclerotium cepivorum (CBF-414) and Leptosphaerulina australis (CBF-433), which generate important economic losses in several crops. In vitro confrontation tests of mycelium isolated from the macrofungi against the PFs were developed, where 50 % of the wild fungi, including P. nidus-avis, showed effect on the phytopathogens. Furthermore, the crude extract obtained from the mycelium and supernatant of P. nidus-avis was evaluated against PF, showing an inhibition of 16.08 % against F. oxysporum (ATCC-417). These results show that P. nidus-avis has bioactive properties with potential for use in the control of some PF diseases of agricultural and forestry importance.
... A study of micromorphological features, including measurements, and colors was recorded in 3% potassium hydroxide (KOH). Protocols (Montoya et al. 2019a) were followed for calculating the range of spore size. Forty-five basidiospores per collection were measured in lateral view. ...
Through a long-term sampling of the ectomycorrhizal fungi in remnant fragments of both lowland oak forest and montane cloud forest, in central Veracruz, Mexico, a new species, Tylopilus tropicalis of the Tylopilus balloui group, was discovered, along with a new record of T. oradivensis originally described from Costa Rica. Macro- and micromorphological features, a phylogenetic analysis of a concatenated ITS, 28S and RPB1 dataset, as well as ecological distribution, support the hypotheses. The new species proposed here grows under Quercus sapotifolia, and T. oradivensis appears near Q. xalapensis in the tropical oak forest and in the montane cloud forest, respectively. Both species treated here are described, illustrated, and discussed. An artificial key is provided to distinguish both species from other closely related species.
... The microscopic study was done in slides mounted in 3% KOH and stained with 1% Congo red. Thirty-five basidiospores per collection were measured in lateral view, following Montoya et al. (2019b). In the descriptions X̅ denotes an interval of mean values of basidiospore length and width per collection in n collections, and Q̅ refers to the range of coefficient Q (where Q is the average of the ratio of basidiospore length/basidiospore width in each collection). ...
Background and Aims:
The species recorded in Mexico (state of Veracruz) in the 1980s as “Tricholoma magnivelare” (or under its synonym, T. ponderosum) changed over the years from being a fungus not considered to be edible in this country, to a subject of international commercialization when Asian sellers became aware of its occurrence in Mexico and for its relationship with the group of T. matsutake. The collections supporting these previous records from different regions of the country (and identified under the same name) were studied only morphologically. Based on morphological and molecular information (ITS), T. mesoamericanum was described from Oaxaca state (southern Mexico) (type), while T. colposii was more recently described from Veracruz state, both related to the group of species around T. matsutake. The aim of this study was to determine, with morphological characters and sequences (ITS) obtained from fresh samples, the taxonomic identity of specimens morphologically resembling those species.
Methods:
Field work was carried out during 2009 and 2018 in two Pinus-forested sites in the states of Puebla and Veracruz (eastern Mexico). Fruit bodies acquired in a popular market in the city of Xalapa, Veracruz, were also studied. Measurements, color and the morpho-anatomical and organoleptic characteristics of the samples were recorded. DNA extraction, PCR, sequencing of the Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) region of ribosomal DNA, and a phylogenetic analysis were conducted.
Key results:
Molecular and morphological studies presented here reveal that Mexican populations of “T. magnivelare” sampled in the states of Veracruz and Puebla are grouped in a clade including T. mesoamericanum and T. colposii type specimens, separate from T. magnivelare s. str. from USA.
Conclusions:
The identity of the material studied corresponds to T. mesoamericanum, which is consistent with previous studies showing that the “matsutake” mushrooms in the country represent T. mesoamericanum, and as shown here, with T. colposii as a synonym.
... Genus ini merupakan JPE yang banyak dijumpai di hutan karena memiliki kisaran inang yang luas seperti Fabaceae, Dipterocarpaceae, Fagaceae, Myrtaceae, dan Pinaceae (Neves et al., 2012;Noor & Saridan, 2013). Hingga saat ini, hanya terdapat 2 spesies dari Phylloporus di Indonesia, yakni P. pumilus dan P. bogoriensis (Neves et al., 2012;Montoya et al., 2019). Masyarakat lokal di Propinsi Bangka Belitung memanfaatkan jamur ini sebagai bahan pangan (Putra, 2020a). ...
Jamur pembentuk ektomikoriza (JPE) merupakan salah satu organisme yang memiliki peran penting pada habitat terestrial. Sebagian besar dari jamur tersebut bersimbiosis dengan dengan tanaman kehutanan dan merupakan salah satu indikator kesehatan hutan. Informasi mengenai keragaman JPE di Indonesia masih terbatas dan sebagian besar tidak memiliki pertelaan tubuh buah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menginventarisasi keragaman JPE di Kawasan Hutan Penelitian Haurbentes (Jawa Barat) serta menyediakan deskripsi basidiomatanya. Eksplorasi JPE dilakukan dengan metode sampling oportunistik. Hasil identifikasi menunjukkan terdapat sebanyak 11 spesies JPE yang terdiri atas 3 ordo dan 6 family. Jenis JPE tersebut adalah : Cortinarius sp., Laccaria cf. vinaceoavellanea, Inocybe sp., Scleroderma sp., Boletus sp., Phylloporus sp., Pulveroboletus sp., Lactarius cf. javanicus, Lactarius cf. corrugatus, Russula cf. cyanoxantha dan Russula cf. sororia. Beberapa jamur diketahui memiliki potensi sebagai bahan pangan (Scleroderma sp., Boletus sp., Phylloporus sp., Lactarius spp., dan Russula spp.), mikoremediator (Laccaria cf. vinaceoavellanea), dan antikanker (Pulveroboletus sp.). Hasil penelitian ini menambah informasi mengenai keragaman JPE di Indonesia. Upaya monitoring berkala terhadap jamur dan tumbuhan di area tersebut diperlukan untuk menjaga kesinambungan simbiosis yang terbentuk.
The ectomycorrhizal-forming fungi (JPE) is one of the organisms which has an important role in terrestrial habitats. Most of these fungi are in the symbiosis with forestry plants and are an indicator of forest health. Information on the diversity of JPE in Indonesia is still limited and most of them do not have a description of the fruiting body. This study aimed to inventory the diversity of JPE in the Haurbentes Research Forest Area (West Java) and provide the description of its basidiomata. JPE exploration was carried out using the opportunistic sampling method. The identification results showed that there were 11 species of JPE consisting of 3 orders and 6 families. The species of JPE are: Cortinarius sp., Laccaria cf. vinaceoavellanea, Inocybe sp., Scleroderma sp., Boletus sp., Phylloporus sp., Pulveroboletus sp., Lactarius cf. javanicus, Lactarius cf. corrugatus, Russula cf. cyanoxantha and Russula cf. sororia. Some of the JPE have the potential as food source (Scleroderma sp., Boletus sp., Phylloporus sp., Lactarius spp., and Russula spp.), mycoremediation agent (Laccaria cf. vinaceoavellanea), and anticancer (Pulveroboletus sp.).The results of this study contributeto the additional information about the diversity of JPE in Indonesia. Periodic monitoring efforts of fungi and plants in this area are needed to maintain the sustainability of the symbiosis.
... Modern phylogenetic analyses confirm it is a monophyletic genus (Neves et al. 2012;Zeng et al. 2013). The genus Phylloporus is widely distributed worldwide with approximately 100 taxa uncovered (Corner 1970(Corner , 1974Neves and Halling 2010;Zeng et al. 2011Zeng et al. , 2013Neves et al. 2012;Li 2015, 2017;Pradeep et al. 2015;Zhao et al. 2018;Chuankid et al. 2019;Montoya et al. 2019;Zhang et al. 2019), showing high species diversity. The edibility of the genus has also been noted (Dai et al. 2010). ...
... However, P. purpurellus has a tiny basidioma (pileus up to 2.6 cm), narrower basidiospores (7.5-11.3 × 3.3-4 μm) and shorter and narrower cystidia (48-65 × 8.5-12 μm) (Singer 1973); P. rimosus has a hymenophore that changes blue then reddish when injured, a yellow context that stains pinkish or pinkish-brown, large basidiospores (9.5-14 × 3.5-5 μm), and a distribution in Mexico (Montoya et al. 2019 Basidiomata small-sized. Pileus 2.3-3 cm in diam., infundibuliform; surface dry, yellow (3A7), covered with brownish black (6F4) to black squamules; context 0.2-0.5 cm in thickness in the center of the pileus, yellowish (1A2), unchanging in color when injured. ...
Species of Phylloporus (Boletaceae, Boletales) in China were investigated using morphology and molecular phylogenetic analyses of DNA sequences from the nuclear 28S rDNA D1–D2 domains, rDNA internal transcribed spacer region, and translation elongation factor 1-α gene. Ten species are recognized from China in the present study. Among them, P. alboinfuscatus, P. grossus, P. microsquamus, P. nigrisquamus, P. nigrobrunneus, and P. tenuissimus are new to science; and P. bogoriensis, P. castanopsidis, P. luxiensis, and P. subrubeolus are previously described. Phylloporus megacystidiatus, originally described from southwestern China, is likely conspecific with P. yunnanensis. A key to the Chinese species of Phylloporus is provided. A preliminary biogeographical analysis showed that the affinities of Phylloporus species between subtropical/tropical China and Thailand were evident, both regions share seven common taxa; P. nigrisquamus and P. microsquamus are closely related to taxa from North/Central America.
... En México los estudios y registros de especies de Boletaceae han recibido importante atención por parte de diversos autores (Murrill, 1910;Heim & Perreau, 1964;Guzmán, 1974;García & Castillo, 1981;García, Gaona, Castillo, & Guzmán, 1986) (Singer, García, & Gómez, 1990;1992;Montoya & Bandala, 1991) (González-Velázquez & Valenzuela, 1993;1995;1996) (Moreno Fuentes, 1996;García Jiménez, 1999;2013;Montoya & Bandala, 2011;García-Jiménez, Singer, Estrada, Garza-Ocañas, & Valenzuela, 2013; Ayala-Vázquez, Valenzuela, Aguirre-Acosta, Raymundo, & García-Jiménez, 2018) (Montoya, Garay-Serrano, & Bandala, 2019;García-Jiménez, Garza-Ocañas, De la Fuente, Saldivar, & Ayala-Vázquez, 2019;González-Chicas, Cappello, Cifuentes, & Torres-de la Cruz, 2019;Rodríguez, Martínez-González, González, & Luna-Vega, 2020). Con respecto al número de taxa presentes en México, se cuenta con un registro aproximado de 212 taxones adscritos a 20 géneros de acuerdo con la clasificación tradicional (García Jiménez, 1999;García & Garza, 2001). ...
En este trabajo se presenta un listado taxonómico de los hongos de la familia Boletaceae del estado de Jalisco, México, basado en las recientes propuestas de clasificación. Para la elaboración del listado se consideraron las especies previamente citadas en la literatura, así mismo, se examinaron morfológicamente especímenes correspondientes a esta familia depositados en los herbarios IBUG e ITCV. En esta entidad se reconocen un total de 68 taxones adscritos a siete subfamilias, 30 géneros con 59 especies, dos variedades y siete
especies afines. Se citan como registros nuevos para la micobiota de Jalisco a Boletellus flocculosipes, Boletus pseudopeckii, B. rubriceps, B. speciosus, Buchwaldoboletus lignicola,
Chalciporus rubinellus, Hemileccinum subglabripes, Hortiboletus campestris y Tylopilus
obscurus.
... Measurements and colors of micromorphological structures were recorded in 3% potassium hydroxide (KOH) or analyzed in Melzer's solution after mounting hand-cut sections of dried specimens. Protocols of Montoya et al. (2019b) were followed for calculating the range of spore size. Forty-five basidiospores per collection were measured in lateral view. ...
A collection of a volvarioid species with whitish, medium-sized basidiomes and distinctive grooved stipe was found in sandy soil in the Sonoran Desert, northwest of Mexico. After a morphological comparison with the type specimen of Volvariopsis canalipes from Florida, USA, we found that both materials share a similar set of taxonomic characters that supports considering them to be conspecific. Some species formerly placed in Volvariella but characterized by a gelatinous pileipellis and large basidiospores (such as V. canalipes) are currently recognized in Volvopluteus. A phylogenetic analysis based on ITS and LSU sequences obtained from the Sonoran material, inferred its position in Volvopluteus and sister to Vp. gloiocephallus. Based on morphological and molecular information, the new combination Volvopluteus canalipes is proposed. This corresponds to the second record of this species after its original publication. A description of the Mexican collection accompanied with photographs and line drawings is included and complemented with a taxonomic discussion.
... Microscopic features were examined from desiccated specimens, measured in 3% KOH and stained with 1% Congo red or analyzed in Melzer´s solution. Thirtyfive basidiospores per collection were measured in lateral view following Montoya et al. (2019b) ...
Two new species of yellow Cantharellus and a new record of Cantharellus tabernensis associated with tropical species of Quercus are presented, based on the taxonomic study of fresh specimens and in a phylogenetic analysis of transcription elongation factor 1-alpha (tef-1α) and the large subunit of the ribosome (nLSU) sequences. One of the new species proposed here, corresponds to a choice edible mushroom, which, in our molecular phylogeny, resulted in it being related to the group of species around C. lateritius and sister with Craterellus confluens type specimen. This latter is here formally transferred to Cantharellus and consequently a new name, Cantharellus furcatus, is proposed to replace the homonym Cantharellus confluens (Schwein.) Schwein. 1834 a later synonym of Byssomerulius corium. Detailed macroscopic and microscopic descriptions accompanied with illustrations and a taxonomic discussion are presented for each species.
... Jamur pembentuk ektomikoriza tersebut memiliki hubungan erat dengan inangnya baik dalam proses pembentukan simbiosis, manajemen nutrisi dan unsur hara hingga pembentukan tubuh buah jamur (Putra 2020d). Berbagai macam tanaman diketahui mampu bersimbiosis dengan jamur pembentuk ektomikoriza diantaranya kelompok, Fagaceae, Myrtaceae, Fabaceae, Dipterocarpaceae dan Pinaceae (Neves et al., 2012;Montoya et al., 2019). Jamur pangan liar diketahui memiliki hubungan erat yang lama dengan manusia dengan kontribusi dampak biologis serta ekonomis, serta merupakan salah satu sumber nutrisi yang banyak dikonsumsi oleh masyarakat di berbagai belahan dunia (Das, 2010;Osarenkhoe et al., 2014;Semwal et al., 2014;Lazo et al., 2015;Alvarez-Farias et al., 2016). ...
... Spesies dari Phylloporus diketahui merupakan jamur pembentuk ektomikoriza dengan berbagai tanaman kehutanan seperti kelompok Fabaceae, Dipterocarpaceae, Fagaceae, Myrtaceae, dan Pinaceae (Neves et al., 2012;Montoya et al., 2019). Jamur ini seringkali ditemukan oleh masyarakat lokal di Belitong tumbuh di dekat Heimioporus sp., namun observasi lebih lanjut diperlukan apakah kedua jamur ini bersimbiosis dengan Tristaniopsis merguensis. ...
... Jamur ini seringkali ditemukan oleh masyarakat lokal di Belitong tumbuh di dekat Heimioporus sp., namun observasi lebih lanjut diperlukan apakah kedua jamur ini bersimbiosis dengan Tristaniopsis merguensis. Neves et al. (2012) (Neves et al., 2012;Montoya et al., 2019). Sebagian besar spesies dari kelompok Boletaceae merupakan jamur yang bernilai ekonomi penting dan digunakan sebagai bahan pangan atau obat (De Silva et al., 2012) dan juga mampu mengakumulasi berbagai macam mineral dan besi (Dimitrijevic et al., 2015). ...
Belitong Island, The Province of Bangka Belitung is one of the exotic places with the biodiversity which has not been optimally inventoried. One of the potential germplasm that has not been recorded properly on Belitong Island is the mushrooms diversity and their potential uses. Mushroom are known as non-timber forestry product that is often sought after by local ethnic of Belitong Island and used as food. Apart from being consumed, these wild mushrooms are also traded, so they are one of the important seasonal commodities for the local community. This research aimed to provide the basic taxonomical information of wild edible mushroom in Belitong island as well as the biological characters. Observations were conducted 2 times in 2018 – 2019 using opportunistic sampling method.The utilization data of wild edible mushroom were collected to complete the macrofungi description in this study. A number of 5 edible wild mushrooms with th eeconomic value reported in this study were: Amanita sect. caesarea (kulat pelandok), Heimioporus sp. (kulat pelawan), Hygrocybe cf. conica (kulat tiong), Phylloporus sp. (kulat sukatan), and Volvariella sp. (kulat sawit). Three species of fungi are ectomycorrhizal forming fungi, namely kulat pelandok with Schima wallichii, kulat pelawan with Tristaniopsis merguensis, and kulat sukatan which host is still unclear. Meanwhile the rest are saprophytic macrofungi. All wild edible mushrooms are members of the phylum Basidiomycota which are divided into 2 orders and 4 families. Heimioporus sp. is known to be the highest selling price mushroom compared to the others, which indicated the potential prospect to proceed to the cultivation stage. In addition, conservation management of plants that are hosts of ectomycorrhizal fungi need to be an important concern on Belitong Island.
