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The novel species Laccaria rubroalba is described from Southwestern China by using both morphological characteristics and molecular data. It is characterized by small basidiomata; reddish white pileus when moist or young, white to pale when dry; 4-spored basidia and globose to broadly ellipsoid, hyaline, moderately echinulate basidiospores. Phyloge...
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... collection was photographed in situ, gathered, wrapped in aluminum foil, and placed in a collection box with compartments in order to avoid mixing or crushing. The macro-morphological description of fresh samples was carried out soon after returning from the field following the methodology described in Lodge et al. (2004) (fig. 1). Colour coding was according to Kornerup and Wanscher (1978). Specimens were dried using an electric food dryer at 35 °C. Dry specimens are deposited at herbarium of Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Index Fungorum (2016), Faces of fungi database (Jayasiri et al. 2015, Index Fungorum 2016) and MycoBank (Robert ...
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... analysis included two independent runs of 5,000,000 generations with four nchains per run, a sampling frequency of 100 and print frequency to 1000 generations. A burn-in of 10% with nst = 6, rates = invgamma, statefreqpr = dirichlet (1,1,1,1), and, for other parameters, default settings were used. As a result, all compatible groups consensus tree from both analyses was selected. ...
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Citations
... Laccaria is characterised by a stipitate, brown to orange or purple collybioid to omphaloid fruit body, a convex to plane or umblicate hygrophanous pileus, sinuate to subdecurrent, thick, waxy, and often widely spaced lamellae, globose to oblong, echinulate, acyanophilous, inamyloid, multinucleate hyaline basidiospores, a hymenium usually without pleurocystidia and clamped hyphae (Gardes et al. 1990;Mueller 1991;Luo et al. 2016;Latha et al. 2019;Razzaq et al. 2023). The combination of morphological characteristics and molecular data is helpful for the accurate identification of species within the genus (Popa et al. 2014;Luo et al. 2016). ...
... Laccaria is characterised by a stipitate, brown to orange or purple collybioid to omphaloid fruit body, a convex to plane or umblicate hygrophanous pileus, sinuate to subdecurrent, thick, waxy, and often widely spaced lamellae, globose to oblong, echinulate, acyanophilous, inamyloid, multinucleate hyaline basidiospores, a hymenium usually without pleurocystidia and clamped hyphae (Gardes et al. 1990;Mueller 1991;Luo et al. 2016;Latha et al. 2019;Razzaq et al. 2023). The combination of morphological characteristics and molecular data is helpful for the accurate identification of species within the genus (Popa et al. 2014;Luo et al. 2016). To date, 222 records are listed in the Index Fungorum (http://www.indexfungorum.org, ...
... Most Laccaria species have been described from Europe or North America (Singer 1967;Besson and Kühner 1971;Lahaie 1981;Mueller and Sundberg 1981;Clémençon 1984;Mueller 1984Mueller , 1992Pázmány 1994;Osmundson et al. 2005;Montoya et al. 2015;Wilson et al. 2015Wilson et al. , 2017, while, 28 species were reported in China, including 22 originally described species (Table 1) (Wang et al. 2004;Wilson et al. 2013;Popa et al. 2014;Luo et al. 2016;Vincenot et al. 2017;Li 2020;Cui et al. 2021;Zhang et al. 2023). ...
The genus Laccaria (Hydnangiaceae, Agaricales) is an important ectomycorrhizal symbiont of a broad range of host plants. Laccaria guizhouensis was collected from a subtropical mixed forest dominated by Fagaceae in Southwest China and described based on morphological characteristics and molecular data. Laccaria guizhouensis is characterised by its medium-sized basidiocarps and strong striate or sulcatus, flesh-coloured to brown pileus, flesh-coloured to brown lamellae, 2-to 4-spored basidia, globose to obellipsoid, hyaline, moderately echinulate basidiospores, and 1-1.5 μm-long echinulate. Phylogenetic analyses based on ITS sequences (HMAS352265 and HMAS352266) indicated that L. guizhouensis represented a new species separated from all other Laccaria species.
... In general, Laccaria members are mainly characterized by the collybioid to omphaloid basidiocarp; the convex to plane or umbilicate, and usually dry pileus; thick, waxy, sinuate to subdecurrent, often widely spaced lamellae, echinulate basidiospores, the hymenium typically devoid of pleurocystidia, and the clamped hyphae [8,[14][15][16][17][18]. It is not difficult to recognize the genus Laccaria due to its distinct morphological characteristics; however, infrageneric species identification is difficult in many instances due to the overlapping morphological features [18][19][20]. ...
... It is not difficult to recognize the genus Laccaria due to its distinct morphological characteristics; however, infrageneric species identification is difficult in many instances due to the overlapping morphological features [18][19][20]. Recent studies show that molecular data are helpful in species identification of this genus [1,2,17,18,[20][21][22]. The discovery of Laccaria new species has been rapidly increasing in recent years [23]. ...
... To date, about 110 species have been reported worldwide [2,23], but most of them were originally described from Europe and North America [1,8,20,[24][25][26][27][28][29]. In China, 25 Laccaria species have been reported, including 17 species originally described from China [1,2,17,22,[30][31][32][33][34]. ...
The genus Laccaria is a type of cosmopolitan and ecologically important fungal group. Members can form ectomycorrhizal associations with numerous trees, and some species are common edible fungi in local markets. Although some new species from China are recently published, the species diversity of Laccaria is still unclear in China. In this study, some samples of Laccaria were collected from southern China, and morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analyses based on the multilocus dataset of ITS-LSU-tef1-rpb2 confirmed five new species. Laccaria miniata, L. nanlingensis and L. neovinaceoavellanea were collected from subtropical broad-leaved forests, and L. rufobrunnea and L. umbilicata were collected from subtropical mixed forests of southwest China. Full descriptions, illustrations, comparisons with similar species and phylogenetic analysis are provided.
... Laccaria is characterized by a brown to orange or purple collybioid to omphaloid basidiocarp; a convex to plane or umblicate, hygrophanous pileus; sinuate to subdecurrent, thick, waxy, often widely spaced lamellae; globose to oblong, echinulate, acyanophilus, inamyloid, multinucleate basidiospores; a hymenium usually without pleurocystidia and clamped hyphae (Latha et al., 2019;Luo et al., 2016;Mueller, 1992;Popa et al., 2016;Singer, 1986). Morphological data are not enough to differentiate between the species of Laccaria because of their high phenotypic plasticity level (Mueller & Vellinga, 1986;Osmundson, 2003;Popa et al., 2016). ...
... Morphological data are not enough to differentiate between the species of Laccaria because of their high phenotypic plasticity level (Mueller & Vellinga, 1986;Osmundson, 2003;Popa et al., 2016). Although, combined micro-morphological and molecular data can be helpful in the correct identification of species within the genus (Luo et al., 2016;Osmundson et al., 2005;Popa et al., 2014Popa et al., , 2016Wilson et al., 2013). Cooke based on morpho-anatomical characters (Ahmad et al., 1997;Sultana et al., 2011), while only L. moshuijun Popa & Zhu L. Yang has been characterized using molecular tools also (Ishaq et al., 2021;Khalid, 2022). ...
Two species of the genus Laccaria , are described as new reports for Pakistan. Laccaria murina has been collected from a Himalayan moist temperate forest in Khanspur, KP, while L. pumila was found in the moist temperate forests of Kumrat Valley in Dir Upper, KP, and at higher altitudes of the Deosai plains of Gilgit‐Baltistan, Pakistan. Phylogenetic analysis based on the nrITS region clustered the Pakistani species with L. murina sequences with other Asian collections and L. pumila from USA and Netherlands. SEM of basidiospores along with detailed micro‐morphological data are provided. General distribution, habitat, ecology, and diagnostic features are also discussed.
Research Highlights
It has new reports from Pakistan, studies based on light, scanning electron microscopy, and nrITS molecular markers.
These species have been described with detailed micro‐morphological and molecular phylogenetic analyses.
General distribution, ecology, diagnostic features, and comparisons with closely related specimens have been provided.
Graphical representation of DNA extraction and geographical locations of sampling sites are also illustrated (Figures 1 and 2 ).
Very few members of this genus are already described from Pakistan.
... Notes: Laccaria currently comprises about 85 species ), but numerous new species have been described in recent years (Wilson et al. 2013(Wilson et al. , 2016Popa et al. 2014;Luo et al. 2016;Ramos et al. 2017;Vincenot et al. 2017;Cho et al. 2018;Wang et al. 2019b), a clear indication that the exact number of species in this genus is still undetermined. Laccaria species form mutualistic symbioses with many shrubs and forest tree species and are widely distributed over geographical areas from the tropics to the boreal regions (Gardes et al. 1990;Mueller 1992;Vincenot et al. 2011;Popa et al. 2014). ...
... Lamellae up to 5 mm broad, moderately distant, emarginate, sinuate to adnate with Fig. 182 Phylogram generated from maximum likelihood analysis based on LSU and ITS sequence data representing Laccaria of northern hemisphere and tropical areas. Related sequences aretaken from previous studies (Wilson et al. 2013;Popa et al. 2014;Luo et al. 2016;Ramos et al. 2017;Vincenot et al. 2017;Cho et al. 2018;Wang et al. 2019b). One hundred fifty-six strains are included in the combined analyses which comprise 1624 characters. ...
This article is the 13th contribution in the Fungal Diversity Notes series, wherein 125 taxa from four phyla, ten classes, 31 orders, 69 families, 92 genera and three genera incertae sedis are treated, demonstrating worldwide and geographic distribution. Fungal taxa described and illustrated in the present study include three new genera, 69 new species, one new combination, one reference specimen and 51 new records on new hosts and new geographical distributions. Three new genera, Cylindrotorula (Torulaceae), Scolecoleotia (Leotiales genus incertae sedis) and Xenovaginatispora (Lindomycetaceae) are introduced based on distinct phylogenetic lineages and unique morphologies. Newly described species are Aspergillus lannaensis, Cercophora dulciaquae, Cladophialophora aquatica, Coprinellus punjabensis, Cortinarius alutarius, C. mammillatus, C. quercofocculosus, Coryneum fagi, Cruentomycena uttarakhandina, Cryptocoryneum rosae, Cyathus uniperidiolus, Cylindrotorula indica, Diaporthe chamaeropicola, Didymella azollae, Diplodia alanphillipsii, Dothiora coronicola, Efbula rodriguezarmasiae, Erysiphe salicicola, Fusarium queenslandicum, Geastrum gorgonicum, G. hansagiense, Helicosporium sexualis, Helminthosporium chiangraiensis, Hongkongmyces kokensis, Hydrophilomyces hydraenae, Hygrocybe boertmannii, Hyphoderma australosetigerum, Hyphodontia yunnanensis, Khaleijomyces umikazeana, Laboulbenia divisa, Laboulbenia triarthronis, Laccaria populina, Lactarius pallidozonarius, Lepidosphaeria strobelii, Longipedicellata megafusiformis, Lophiotrema lincangensis, Marasmius benghalensis, M. jinfoshanensis, M. subtropicus, Mariannaea camelliae, Melanographium smilaxii, Microbotryum polycnemoides, Mimeomyces digitatus, Minutisphaera thailandensis, Mortierella solitaria, Mucor harpali, Nigrograna jinghongensis, Odontia huanrenensis, O. parvispina, Paraconiothyrium ajrekarii, Parafuscosporella niloticus, Phaeocytostroma yomensis, Phaeoisaria synnematicus, Phanerochaete hainanensis, Pleopunctum thailandicum, Pleurotheciella dimorphospora, Pseudochaetosphaeronema chiangraiense, Pseudodactylaria albicolonia, Rhexoacrodictys nigrospora, Russula paravioleipes, Scolecoleotia eriocamporesi, Seriascoma honghense, Synandromyces makranczyi, Thyridaria aureobrunnea, Torula lancangjiangensis, Tubeufa longihelicospora, Wicklowia fusiformispora, Xenovaginatispora phichaiensis and Xylaria apiospora. One new combination, Pseudobactrodesmium stilboideus is proposed. A reference specimen of Comoclathris permunda is designated. New host or distribution records are provided for Acrocalymma fci, Aliquandostipite khaoyaiensis, Camarosporidiella laburni, Canalisporium caribense, Chaetoscutula juniperi, Chlorophyllum demangei, C. globosum, C. hortense, Cladophialophora abundans, Dendryphion hydei, Diaporthe foeniculina, D. pseudophoenicicola, D. pyracanthae, Dictyosporium pandanicola, Dyfrolomyces distoseptatus, Ernakulamia tanakae, Eutypa favovirens, E. lata, Favolus septatus, Fusarium atrovinosum, F. clavum, Helicosporium luteosporum, Hermatomyces nabanheensis, Hermatomyces sphaericoides, Longipedicellata aquatica, Lophiostoma caudata, L. clematidisvitalbae, Lophiotrema hydei, L. neoarundinaria, Marasmiellus palmivorus, Megacapitula villosa, Micropsalliota globocystis, M. gracilis, Montagnula thailandica, Neohelicosporium irregulare, N. parisporum, Paradictyoarthrinium difractum, Phaeoisaria aquatica, Poaceascoma taiwanense, Saproamanita manicata, Spegazzinia camelliae, Submersispora variabilis, Thyronectria caudata, T. mackenziei, Tubeufa chiangmaiensis, T. roseohelicospora, Vaginatispora nypae, Wicklowia submersa, Xanthagaricus necopinatus and Xylaria haemorrhoidalis. The data presented herein are based on morphological examination of fresh specimens, coupled with analysis of phylogenetic sequence data to better integrate taxa into appropriate taxonomic ranks and infer their evolutionary relationships.
... Laccaria is a cosmopolitan genus and many studies have contributed to its species diversity since its publication in the year of 1883 (Berkeley and Broome 1883;Heinemann 1964;Singer 1967;Besson and Kühner 1971;Kühner 1980;Lahaie 1981;Bon 1983;Clémençon 1984;Mueller 1984Mueller , 1991Mueller , 1992Singer 1986;Vellinga 1986;Ballero andContu 1987, 1989;May 1991;Kropp and Mueller 1999;Wang et al. 2004;Osmundson et al. 2005;Wilson et al. 2013Wilson et al. , 2017Popa et al. 2014Popa et al. , 2016Luo et al. 2016;Vincenot et al. 2017;Cho et al. 2018Cho et al. , 2020Corrales et al. 2020;Li 2020). Species in this genus have a strong geographical differentiation, at least in the Laccaria sect. ...
... In China, most Laccaria species were applied with western names before the study of Wang et al. (2004). Since then, several studies have documented the Chinese Laccaria species, especially from the southwestern regions (Wang et al. 2004;Wilson et al. 2013;Popa et al. 2014;Luo et al. 2016;Vincenot et al. 2017;Cho et al. 2018;Li 2020). During the past 20 years, ca. ...
... During the past 20 years, ca. 19 Laccaria species were reported from China with both molecular and morphological evidence (Wang et al. 2004;Wilson et al. 2013;Popa et al. 2014;Luo et al. 2016;Vincenot et al. 2017;Cho et al. 2018;Li 2020). However, the species recognition of this genus in China is still in its infancy. ...
Laccaria fagacicola and L. pallidorosea, two new species collected from subtropical broad-leaved forests, were described in this study with both molecular and morphological evidence. Laccaria fagacicola is characterized by its brownish orange basidioma and globose to subglobose, echinulate basidiospores with spines 1–2 μm long and 1–1.5 μm wide at base. Laccaria pallidorosea has a small and pinkish basidioma, and globose to subglobose, echinate basidiospores with spines 1.5–2 μm long and 2 μm wide at base. Phylogenetic analyses based on internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region indicated that L. fagacicola is sister to L. rubroalba and L. aurantia, while L. pallidorosea is related to L. versiforma and L. salmonicolor. These two new species are described, illustrated, and compared with closely related and morphologically similar species.
... In the monographic work of Laccaria by Mueller [1], 19 species are recognized from North America, and 40 worldwide. New or potential undescribed species from different regions, based on morphological and molecular characteristics of fructifications, or on DNA identifications of environmental samples, have been discovered recently [3,7,8,[10][11][12][13][14][15]. Nowadays, MycoBank recognizes 112 records in this group of fungi, and additionally, Wilson et al. [12] inferred 116 phylogenetic species from 30 countries covering the known geographic range of Laccaria. ...
... Molecular studies on most of those records are needed not only to support their identifications but for being included in phylogenetic studies. Laccaria roseoalbescens T. J. Baroni, Montoya and Bandala, described as new [13] from the mesophytic forest in Veracruz, was recognized under morphological features and confirmed through phylogenetic DNA sequence analyses and recently incorporated by Luo et al. [14] in their molecular phylogeny to confirm the distinction of the new L. rubroalba X. Luo, L. Ye, Mortimer & K.D. Hyde from China. ...
... Members of this genus are known to form ectomycorrhizal associations with a broad range of gymno-and angiosperm trees (Mueller 1992). Up till now, 12 Laccaria species have been described from China (Wang et al. 2004;Wilson et al. 2013;Popa et al. 2014;Luo et al. 2016;Vincenot et al. 2017). Two unknown taxa of Laccaria were repeatedly collected in the forest of the Heishiding Nature Reserve (111°49′ 09″-111°55′ 01″ E, 23°25′ 15″-23°30′ 02″ N, abbreviated thereafter as Heishiding) by the author while surveying the macrofungi there (Li and Cai 2014;Li et al. 2016;Li and Deng 2018;Li 2019). ...
Laccaria fengkaiensis and L. prava, collected from Heishiding Nature Reserve, South China, are proposed here as new taxa based on morphological and molecular evidences. These two new species along with Hodophilus glaberipes Ming Zhang et al. are described with photographs and line drawings and compared against related species. Morphologically, Laccaria fengkaiensis is characterized by a medium-sized to large pinkish white to light orange, strong striate to rugulose-striate or rugulose-sulcate pileus, a strong, solid stipe of the same color, 4-spored basidia, globose to obellipsoid basidiospores with moderate echinulae, and a pileipellis with abundant pileocystidia. Laccaria prava is characterized by a moderate-sized but very thin pinkish white to light orange, strong striate to rugulose-striate or rugulose-sulcate pileus, a distorted same colored stipe, 4-spored basidia, obellipsoid to globose basidiospores with moderate echinulae, and a stipitipellis with abundant caulocystidia. Hodophilus glaberipes is characterized by a small basidioma, with a pileus and its lamellae white at first, orange white to brownish orange with age, a white stipe, subglobose to globose basidiospores, and discoloring pastel red in wounds. Phylogenetic analysis of nucleotide sequences of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region provided further evidence that Laccaria fengkaiensis and L. prava are new species which are clearly separated from all other Laccaria species with rDNA sequence data available; Hodophilus glaberipes belongs to the H. micaceus superclade, with H. indicus K.N.A. Raj et al. as a closely related sister species.
... Laccaria Berkeley & Broome (1883: 370), a cosmopolitan gilled-mushroom genus (Hydnangiaceae, Agaricales, Basidiomycota), is well known for its ectomycorrhizal association with a wide range of host trees and occurrence in various habitat types (Mueller 1992;Vincenot et al. 2011;Popa et al. 2014). Laccaria species are characterized by terrestrial, collybioid to omphaloid basidiocarps; a convex to plane or umbilicate, hygrophanous pileus; thick, waxy, sinuate to subdecurrent, often widely spaced lamellae; inamyloid, acyanophilous, echinulate basidiospores; a hymenium typically devoid of pleurocystidia; and clamped hyphae (Singer 1986;Mueller 1992;Vellinga 1995;Luo et al. 2016;Popa et al. 2016). Currently, seventy-four species of Laccaria (excluding synonyms) are listed in the Index Fungorum website (www.indexfungorum.org, ...
... It is hard to morphologically differentiate between the species of Laccaria owing to their high level of phenotypic plasticity (Mueller & Vellinga 1986;Osmundson 2003;Popa et al. 2016). However, morphological characters and molecular data together can help in accurate identification of species within the genus (Osmundson et al. 2005;Wilson et al. 2013;Luo et al. 2016;Popa et al. 2014Popa et al. , 2016. ...
... An nrITS-based dataset was prepared for performing the phylogenetic analysis. The dataset consisted of the newly generated nrITS sequence of the new species, the sequences of the closest Laccaria species revealed by the BLASTn search using the nrITS sequence of our new species and the sequences of Laccaria treated in previous phylogenetic studies on Laccaria (Wilson et al. 2013;Montoya et al. 2015;Popa et al. 2014Popa et al. , 2016Luo et al. 2016;Cho et al. 2018). In addition to these sequences, two sequences of Mythicomyces corneipes (Fr.) ...
Laccaria violaceotincta sp. nov. is described from Kerala State, India based on morphology and molecular phylogeny. All the collections of the species were made from a freshwater swamp forest predominantly composed of species of Myristica. The Maximum Likelihood (ML) analysis of sequence of the internal transcribed spacer (nrITS) of the ribosomal RNA gene clearly revealed its novelty as well as its position within the genus Laccaria. A taxonomic description, photographs of the basidiocarps and the micro-structures, comparisons with phenetically similar and phylogenetically related species and a phylogram depicting the placement of the new species are provided.
... In the monographic work of Laccaria by Mueller (1992), 19 species are recognized from North America, and 40 worldwide. New or potential undescribed species from different regions, based on morphological and molecular characteristics of fructifications, or on DNA identifications of environmental samples, have been discovered recently (Wang et al. 2004, Osmundson et al. 2005, Sheedy et al. 2013, Wilson et al. 2013, Montoya et al. 2015, Luo et al. 2016, Popa et al. 2014. Nowadays, MycoBank recognizes 112 records in this group of fungi, and additionally, Wilson et al. (2017) inferred 116 phylogenetic species from 30 countries covering the known geographic range of Laccaria. ...
... Molecular studies on most of those records are needed not only to support their identifications but for being included in phylogenetic studies. Laccaria roseoalbescens T. J. Baroni, Montoya and Bandala, described as new (Montoya et al. 2015) from the mesophytic forest in Veracruz, was recognized under morphological features and confirmed through phylogenetic DNA sequence analyses and recently incorporated by Luo et al. (2016) in their mo-lecular phylogeny to confirm the distinction of the new L. rubroalba X. Luo, L. Ye, Mortimer & K.D. Hyde from China. ...
Two species of Laccaria discovered in relicts of Fagus grandifolia var. mexicana forests in eastern Mexico are described based on the macro- and micromorphological features, and their identity supported by molecular analysis of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and large subunit (LSU) of the ribosomal RNA gene. The phylogeny obtained here showed that one of the Mexican species is nested in an exclusive clade which in combination with its striking morphological features, infers that it represents a new species, while the other species is placed as a member in the Laccaria trichodermophora clade. This is the first report in Mexico of Laccaria with Fagus grandifolia var. mexicana trees, with which the reported species may form ectomycorrhizal association. Descriptions are accompanied with illustrations of macro- and micromorphological characters and a discussion of related taxa are presented.
Three new species of Laccaria infundibuliformis, L. pallidus, and L. darjeelingensis, collected from Darjeeling, India, are described based on morphological and molecular evidence. Laccaria infundibuliformis is characterized by its small infundibuliform basidiocarps, and echinulate basidiospores with spines up to 1.36 µm long. Laccaria pallidus is characterized by medium-sized greyish-red basidiocarps, and echinulate basidiospores with spines up to 1.9 µm long. Laccaria darjeelingensis is characterized by dull red basidiocarps, and echinulate basidiospores with spines up to 1.27 µm long. Altogether, the study shows that these three Laccaria species are previously unknown to science.
