FIGURE 1 - uploaded by Bao-Kai Cui
Content may be subject to copyright.
Source publication
A new polypore, Daedalea americana, collected from North and Central America, is described and illustrated based on morphological characters and molecular evidence. It is characterized by annual and pileate basidiocarps, grayish brown with brown to cinnamon brown band and concentrically zonate pileal surface when fresh, cream to clay-pink pore surf...
Contexts in source publication
Context 1
... ITS combined nLSU strict consensus tree ( Fig. 1) generated by maximum parsimony, maximum likelihood and Bayesian analysis showed that three sampled specimens of Daedalea americana were grouped together and formed a highly supported lineage (MP = 100%, BS = 100%, BPP = 1.00). Daedalea americana is closely related to D. modesta (Kunze ex Fr.) Aoshima with a moderate support (MP = 70%, ...
Context 2
... Daedalea americana grouped with D. modesta and formed a moderately supported lineage (Fig. 1). Morphologically, D. americana and D. modesta share annual basidiocarps with similar brownish pileal surface and cream to clay-pink pore surface, and a trimitic hyphal system, but D. modesta differs in smaller pores (6-10 per mm) and cylindrical basidiospores (4.5-6.0 × 1.5-2.0 µm; Ryvarden and Johansen 1980). americana, but D. ...
Similar publications
Taxonomic and phylogenetic studies on Perenniporia were carried out. Phylogeny based on ITS and nrLSU regions revealed that a species clustered within the Perenniporia s.s. clade, further morphological study showed three specimens collected from Hubei Province, central China represent an undescribed species. In the present study, Perenniporia punct...
Citations
... The group of Antrodia s.l.-Daedalea s.l.-Fomitopsis s.l. all comprised brown-rotting genera (Fig. 1), and this includes the recently established Rhodofomes, occupying a distinct and prominent clade [4,20,59,60] . Rhodofomes clade is closely affiliated with Brunneoporus malicola (Berk. ...
... After the species identifications based on phylogenetic assessments, morphological characters were examined to confirm the identities. The examined Daedalea dickinsii morphologically corresponds to the original description by Yasuda [60] . Further, our collected specimen of R. roseus exhibited morphological and phylogenetic similarities with the description provided by Gilbertson & Ryvarden [17] , Han et al. [61] , and Justo et al. [8] , corroborated the initial proposal made by Kotlaba & Pouzar [62] . ...
Polypores, as wood-rotting fungi, play a vital ecological role in breaking down the wood substrate, releasing crucial nutrients into the soil, shaping the carbon dynamics, and contributing to the overall health of the forest ecosystem. Despite their significance, the fungal diversity in the Hindu Kush region remains inadequately explored. This study collected specimens from district Swat, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province, Pakistan, a part of the Hindu Kush region. After a rigorous examination of the collected specimens for the morphoanatomical characteristics, the concatenated sequence dataset (ITS + nrLSU) derived from generated sequences along with valid and published reference sequences was subjected to phylogenetic analyses using different methods: maximum parsimony, maximum likelihood, and Bayesian analyses. The study revealed two new species from the country, belonging to two polypores families i.e., Climacocystaceae and Fomitopsidaceae. Furthermore, the analysis confirmed the identification of Daedalea dickinsii Yasuda, Neoantrodia serialis (Fr.) Audet, and Rhodofomes roseus (Alb. & Schwein.) Kotl. & Pouzar as a new addition to the polypore inventory of Pakistan. These species received phylogenetic support and were proven to have corresponding morphological characteristics concerning pertinent original descriptions. The inclusion of these new wood-inhabiting fungi in the country's mycofloral list expands our understanding of fungal diversity, and distribution patterns, and contributes to global fungal biodiversity.
... The formation and release of H 2 O 2 are dependent on which surface the ZnO NPs are found. H 2 O 2 penetrates the cells of microorganisms resulting in death [30]. The whole antibacterial is shown in the Figure 7 and Table 3. pores in the plasma membranes by proteins. ...
... The formation and release of H2O2 are dependent on which surface the ZnO NPs are found. H2O2 penetrates the cells of microorganisms resulting in death [30]. The whole antibacterial is shown in the Figure 7 and Table 3. ...
... The hemolytic activity of NPs was determined and compared to the values according to the standard of the "American society for testing and materials designation". Based on these standards, any type of NPs or other material having ≥5% hemolysis is considered hemolytic, others having 2-5% are mild hemolytic, and others having ≤2% are considered safe and non-hemolytic [30]. The hemolysis activity of NPs was measured upon the rupturing of RBCs and release of hemoglobin to the medium when treated with the NPs (4 mg/mL). ...
In recent years, nanotechnology has become one of the emerging fields of nanoparticle synthesis using biological processes. The use of mushroom extract is one of the most important methods for biological synthesis due to the presence of abundant biologically active compounds. In this study, Zinc Oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) were synthesized using Daedalea sp. mushroom extract. The nanoparticles had an average size of 14.58 nm and irregular morphology, which shows its prominent character. Various analytical techniques including FTIR, X-ray diffraction, EDX, and UV-Vis spectrum showed a broad absorption between 350 and 380 nm, which indicates the synthesis of ZnO NPs. The characterized NPs were exploited for a wide range of biomedical applications including biocompatibility, antifungal, antileishmanial, and antibacterial studies. The ZnO nanoparticles showed a strong antibacterial effect against gram-positive (Klesbsilla pneumonia and Staphylococcus aureus) and gram-negative (Eschericia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) bacteria. Furthermore, the ZnO nanoparticles also showed a high antifungal effect against Aspergillus niger fungus.
... Later, through morphological studies and molecular analyses of ITS and nLSU regions, Daedalea s.s. was shown as a monophyletic clade around the type species Daedalea quercina (L.) Pers. (Han et al., 2015), including species distributed in different parts of the world (Li & Cui, 2013;Han et al., 2015Han et al., , 2016Decock et al., 2022). ...
... Later, through morphological studies and molecular analyses of ITS and nLSU regions, Daedalea s.s. was shown as a monophyletic clade around the type species Daedalea quercina (L.) Pers. (Han et al., 2015), including species distributed in different parts of the world (Li & Cui, 2013;Han et al., 2015Han et al., , 2016Decock et al., 2022). ...
... Brazil and found commonly in Paraguay and northern Argentina (Rajchenberg, 1986;Popoff & Wright, 1998;Gibertoni et al., 2004;Robledo & Rajchenberg, 2007;Gugliotta et al., 2010). Previous phylogenetic studies already positioned Daedalea hydnoides, D. stereoides, D. modesta and D. neotropica within Daedalea s. s. (Lindner et al., 2011;Han et al., 2015Han et al., , 2016, however, some other Neotropical species lack phylogenetic information regarding their relationships within this clade, as is the case of D. aethalodes and, D. ryvardeniana. ...
Great progress has been made in recent years on taxonomy of brown rot polypores based on phylogenetical evidence, mainly Daeadalea within Fomitopsidaceae. However, the relations within the Fomitopsidaceae family remain unresolved. Some neotropical species of Daedalea were never included in molecular phylogenetic analyses, such as D. aethalodes, D. ryvardeniana, and south American specimens of D. modesta. To clarify the relationships of those species within Daedalea we carried out molecular phylogenetic analyses based on five molecular markers (ITS, nLSU, nSSU, RPB2, and TEF-1). Daedalea s. s. was recovered as a strongly supported clade including most species, however, Daedalea radiata grouped with Rodofomitopsis. A new neotropical species, Daedalea rajchenbergiana sp. nov., was described based on molecular phylogeny, morphology, and distribution evidence. The placement of Daedalea aethalodes, D. ryvardeniana, and D. rajchenbergiana sp. nov. within Daedalea s. s. was confirmed.
... Later, through morphological studies and molecular analyses of ITS and nLSU regions, Daedalea s.s. was shown as a monophyletic clade around the type species Daedalea quercina (L.) Pers. (Han et al., 2015), including species distributed in different parts of the world (Li & Cui, 2013;Han et al., 2015Han et al., , 2016Decock et al., 2022). ...
... Later, through morphological studies and molecular analyses of ITS and nLSU regions, Daedalea s.s. was shown as a monophyletic clade around the type species Daedalea quercina (L.) Pers. (Han et al., 2015), including species distributed in different parts of the world (Li & Cui, 2013;Han et al., 2015Han et al., , 2016Decock et al., 2022). ...
... Brazil and found commonly in Paraguay and northern Argentina (Rajchenberg, 1986;Popoff & Wright, 1998;Gibertoni et al., 2004;Robledo & Rajchenberg, 2007;Gugliotta et al., 2010). Previous phylogenetic studies already positioned Daedalea hydnoides, D. stereoides, D. modesta and D. neotropica within Daedalea s. s. (Lindner et al., 2011;Han et al., 2015Han et al., , 2016, however, some other Neotropical species lack phylogenetic information regarding their relationships within this clade, as is the case of D. aethalodes and, D. ryvardeniana. ...
Great progress has been made in recent years on taxonomy of brown rot polypores
based on phylogenetic evidence, mainly Daedalea within Fomitopsidaceae. However,
the relations within the Fomitopsidaceae family remain unresolved. Some neotropical
species of Daedalea were never included in molecular phylogenetic analyses, such as
D. aethalodes, D. ryvardeniana, and south American specimens of D. modesta. To clarify
the relationships of those species within Daedalea there were carried out molecular
phylogenetic analyses based on five molecular markers (ITS, nLSU, nSSU, RPB2,
and TEF-1). Daedalea s.s. formed a strongly supported clade including most species,
however, Daedalea radiata was grouped with Rodofomitopsis. A new neotropical species, Daedalea rajchenbergiana sp. nov., was described based on molecular phylogeny,
morphology, and distribution evidence. The placement of Daedalea aethalodes, D.
ryvardeniana, and D. rajchenbergiana sp. nov. within Daedalea s.s. was confirmed.
... 85: 367 (1981) Notes: Fomitopsidaceae was established by Jülich (1981) and typified by the genus Fomitopsis P. Karst. Around 24 genera and 197 species were accepted in the family before (Han et al. 2016;Shen et al. 2019), and many new species were described (Cui 2013;Cui and Dai 2013;Han et al. 2014Han et al. , 2015Han et al. , 2016Shen et al. , 2015Shen et al. , 2019Song et al. 2014Song et al. , 2018cChen et al. 2015a, b;Han and Cui 2015;Chen and Cui 2016;Song and Cui 2017). Fomitopsidaceae is the most important family of the brown-rot fungi. ...
... 85: 367 (1981) Notes: Fomitopsidaceae was established by Jülich (1981) and typified by the genus Fomitopsis P. Karst. Around 24 genera and 197 species were accepted in the family before (Han et al. 2016;Shen et al. 2019), and many new species were described (Cui 2013;Cui and Dai 2013;Han et al. 2014Han et al. , 2015Han et al. , 2016Shen et al. , 2015Shen et al. , 2019Song et al. 2014Song et al. , 2018cChen et al. 2015a, b;Han and Cui 2015;Chen and Cui 2016;Song and Cui 2017). Fomitopsidaceae is the most important family of the brown-rot fungi. ...
... Morphologically, it is similar to R. feei by the pileate and pinkish basidiocarps (Gilbertson and Ryvarden 1986). However, the latter species has smaller basidiospores (5-6.5 × 2-3 µm), and lacks cystidioles (Han and Cui 2015). Phylogenetically, R. pseudofeei is distinct from R. feei (Fig. 101). ...
This is the twelfth contribution to the Fungal Diversity Notes series on fungal taxonomy, based on materials collected from many countries which were examined and described using the methods of morphology, anatomy, and strain culture, combined with DNA sequence analyses. 110 taxa are described and illustrated, including five new genera, 92 new species, eight new combinations and other taxonomic contributions (one new sequenced species, one new host and three new records) which are accommodated in 40 families and 1 incertae sedis in Dothideomycetes. The new genera are Amyloceraceomyces, Catenuliconidia, Hansenopezia, Ionopezia and Magnopulchromyces. The new species are Amyloceraceomyces angustisporus, Amylocorticium ellipsosporum, Arthrinium sorghi, Catenuliconidia uniseptata, Clavulina sphaeropedunculata, Colletotrichum parthenocissicola, Coniothyrium triseptatum, Cortinarius indorusseus, C. paurigarhwalensis, C. sinensis, C. subsanguineus, C. xiaojinensis, Diaporthe pimpinellae, Dictyosporella guizhouensis, Diplodia torilicola, Fuscoporia marquesiana, F. semiarida, Hansenopezia decora, Helicoarctatus thailandicus, Hirsutella hongheensis, Humidicutis brunneovinacea, Lentaria gossypina, L. variabilis, Lycoperdon lahorense, L. pseudocurtisii, Magnopulchromyces scorpiophorus, Moelleriella gracilispora, Neodevriesia manglicola, Neodidymelliopsis salvia, N. urticae, Neoroussoella magnoliae, Neottiella gigaspora, Ophiosphaerella chiangraiensis, Phaeotremella yunnanensis, Podosphaera yulii, Rigidoporus juniperinus, Rhodofomitopsis pseudofeei, Russula benghalensis, Scleroramularia vermispora, Scytinopogon minisporus, Sporormurispora paulsenii, Thaxteriellopsis obliqus, Tomentella asiae-orientalis, T. atrobadia, T. atrocastanea, T. aureomarginata, T. brevis, T. brunneoflava, T. brunneogrisea, T. capitatocystidiata, T. changbaiensis, T. citrinocystidiata, T. coffeae, T. conclusa, T. cystidiata, T. dimidiata, T. duplexa, T. efibulata, T. efibulis, T. farinosa, T. flavidobadia, T. fuscocrustosa, T. fuscofarinosa, T. fuscogranulosa, T. fuscopelliculosa, T. globospora, T. gloeocystidiata, T. griseocastanea, T. griseofusca, T. griseomarginata, T. inconspicua, T. incrustata, T. interrupta, T. liaoningensis, T. longiaculeifera, T. longiechinuli, T. megaspora, T. olivacea, T. olivaceobrunnea, T. pallidobrunnea, T. pallidomarginata, T. parvispora, T. pertenuis, T. qingyuanensis, T. segregata, T. separata, T. stipitata, T. storea, Trichoderma ceratophylletum, Tyromyces minutulus, Umbelopsis heterosporus and Xylolentia reniformis. The new combinations are Antrodiella descendena, Chloridium macrocladum, Hansenopezia retrocurvata, Rhodofomitopsis monomitica, Rh. oleracea, Fuscoporia licnoides, F. scruposa and Ionopezia gerardii. A new sequenced species (Graphis supracola), one new host (Aplosporella prunicola) and three new geographical records (Golovinomyces monardae, Paradictyoarthrinium diffractum and Prosthemium betulinum), are reported.
... While it is known that the hymenophore varies between basidiocarps (Schanzle 1973), it is not clear whether the hymenophore complexity is different between individuals from different locations. Therefore, although the success of molecular techniques in establishing phylogenetic relations is evident (Pegler 1973;Justo and Hibbert 2011;Lindner et al. 2011;Rathod 2011;Li and Cui 2013;Han et al. 2015;Das and Aminuzzaman 2017;Runnel et al. 2019), "morphology and anatomy" and "taxonomy and systematics" are complementary (Clémençon 2012) and we test multiple species of Polyporales for morphometric species differences in hymenophore configuration. ...
The complex hymenophore configuration of the oak mazegill (Daedalea quercina, Polyporales) is rarely quantified, although quantifications are important analytical tools to assess form and growth. We quantified the hymenophore configuration of the oak mazegill by manual counting of tubes and tubular branches and ends. Complementary measurements were made with the software AngioTool. We found that the number of tubular branches and ends varied substantially between specimens, with a positive correlation with hymenophore area (5–51 cm²). We then measured complexity as tubular branches and ends per area, and complexity was not correlated with the size of the basidiocarps. Basidiocarps from two locations were compared (Hald ege, N = 11; Hvidding krat, N = 7), and the prevalence of branches and that of ends were greater in the Hvidding krat hymenophores (P < 0.001 and P = 0.029, respectively). Additionally, lacunarity, a measure of complexity (“gappiness”), gave a higher score for the Hald ege hymenophores (P = 0.002). Lacunarity analysis of multiple species of Polyporales showed that the oak mazegill hymenophore is comparatively complex. Concerning factors that affect hymenophore complexity of the oak mazegill, we observed that greater hymenophore complexity was associated with abrupt boundaries between growth zones on the pileus surface. Several years of monitoring documented that basidiocarps can remodel to gravitational changes and heal from damage. In conclusion, intra- and interspecies differences of hymenophore configuration can be quantified. In oak mazegill, hymenophore complexity is not dependent on size per se, although abrupt borders between growth zones are associated with increased complexity. Some of the variation between basidiocarps may reflect aspects of the ecology of the individual fungus.
Phylogenetic and morphological analyses on Perenniporia s.l. were carried out. Phylogenies on Perenniporia s.l. are reconstructed with two loci DNA sequences including the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions and the large subunit (nLSU). Two new species from Yunnan Province, southwest China, Perenniporia prunicola and P. rosicola in Perenniporia s.l., are illustrated and described. Perenniporia prunicola is characterised by the perennial and resupinate basidiomata with a clay pink pore surface when fresh, a trimitic hyphal system, the presence of clavate to fusiform hymenial cystidia, ellipsoid to broadly ellipsoid basidiospores measuring 4.8–6.2 × 3.6–4.5 µm. Perenniporia rosicola is characterised by annual and resupinate basidiomata with a white pore surface when fresh, a dimitic hyphal system, the presence of dendrohyphidia, broadly ellipsoid to subglobose basidiospores measuring 5–5.8 × 4–5.2 μm. In addition, Crassisporus is a genus in Perenniporia s.l., in which two new combinations Crassisporus minutus and C. mollissimus are proposed. Main morphological characteristics of species related to new taxa are also provided.
The southern regions of Tanzania are defenseless to food insecurity, the collapse of the forest industry and poverty due to the failure of the main cash crop caused by a pathogenic mushroom, Piptoporellus baudonii. This macrofungus leads to the wilting of cashew trees and cassava, which are the main cash crop and staple food respectively, in the region. To confirm the pathogenicity of P. baudonii, we employed Koch’s postulates. First, the fungal culture was isolated from P. baudonii basidiocarp and then inoculated into susceptible plant species including cashew trees (Anacardium occidentale) and eucalyptus (Eucalyptus tereticornis), under controlled environments. Direct inoculation of the fungal culture was done on both damaged and undamaged plants. Initially, the inoculated plants grew normally for the first 2 months, but later symptoms of abnormal growth started manifesting. These symptoms included leaf chlorosis, gum with different colors; and wilting. To confirm the presence of P. baudonii in the wilting plants and ascertain its identity, DNA obtained from the fungal fruiting body was sequenced and compared with the DNA sequence of the fungi isolated from infected plants. The compared sequences showed a sequence identity of 99.67% for Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) and 99.79% for Large Subunit (LSU), confirming that they are of the same species. This study revealed that P. baudonii is pathogenic to different plant hosts, specifically cashew and eucalyptus trees. Immediate mitigation measures are required to avoid further losses to farmers and safeguard forests.
Piptoporellus is a recently proposed genus placed under Fomitopsis-like taxa in the Antrodia clade. Four species of Piptoporellus are known, of which three are distributed in China, and one in Africa. A specimen collected around Sun Moon Lake, Nantou County, Taiwan proved to be the first documentation of Piptoporellus in Taiwan. Based on morpho-molecular data, a new species, Piptoporellus taiwanensis, is introduced. In a multi-gene. phylogeny of nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (nrITS) region, large subunit RNA gene (nrLSU), small subunit RNA gene (nrSSU), and translation elongation factor 1-α gene (tef1-α), the novel taxon formed a distinct clade sister to P. hainanensis and P. triqueter. Pheno-typically our strain differs from other Piptoporellus species in having yellow to orange pileus, buff to yellow pore surface, thin-walled basidiospores, and a dimitic hyphal system. Chemical analysis showed that this novel species contained about 3.878 g of total polysaccharides, 112.9 mg of total phenols, 182.9 mg of total flavonoids, 34.33 mg of total triterpenoids, and trace amounts of alkaloids per 100 g of dried fruiting bodies. This study has shed light on the diversity of Piptoporellus taxa in Taiwan and has also shown that this novel species contains significant amounts of polysaccharides, polyphenols, and triterpenoids.
The present study was conducted to isolate and identify white rot fungi (WRF) from wood decayed and to determine their ability to produce lignin modifying enzymes (LMEs) specifically laccase (Lac), lignin peroxidase (LiP), and manganese peroxidase (MnP) on solid and liquid media supplemented with synthetic dyes namely 2,2′-Azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), azure B, and phenol red. A total of 23 isolates of WRF were isolated from decayed wood and identified to eight different species namely Phanerochaete australis, Perenniporia tephropora, Lentinus squarrosulus, Ganoderma australe, Trametes polyzona, Lentinus sajor-caju, Gymnopilus dilepis, and Fomitopsis palustris based on morphological characteristics, DNA sequences of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region, and phylogenetic inference. The fungal isolates can be divided into four groups based on the type of LMEs produced, namely A (Lac-LiP-MnP) with 16 isolates, B (Lac-MnP) (three isolates), C (Lac) (three isolates), and D (MnP) (one isolate). This study highlights Phanerochaete australis (BJ38) as the best producer of Lac and LiP while L. squarrosulus (IPS72) is the best producer of MnP. The present study is the first reported P. australis as an efficient lignin degrader by demonstrating the highest activity of two important LMEs.
