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Basidiocarp of Sarcodontia crocea on living tree of Malus domestica, Belgorod Region, Korochansky district, vicinity of Popovka village, 2019. Photo: S. V. Volobuev. Рис. 1. Плодовое тело Sarcodontia crocea на живом дереве яблони, Белгородская область, Корочанский р-н, окрестности с. Поповка, 2019 г. Фото: С. В. Волобуев.
Source publication
The results of a study of growth characteristics, macromorphological features and biosynthetic potential of nine dikaryotic strains of Sarcodontia crocea (Polyporales, Basidiomycota) maintained in the Komarov Botanical Institute Basidiomycetes Culture Collection (LE-BIN) are presented. The strains studied were extracted from the basidiocarps collec...
Contexts in source publication
Context 1
... biological peculiarities of xylotrophic macrofungus Sarcodontia crocea (Schwein.) Kotl. (Polyporales, Basidiomycota), which is a dangerous phytopathogen in orchard agrocoenoses of Eastern and Southern Europe (Szczepkowski, 2010). Living apple trees (Malus domestica, M. sylvestris, etc.) are the preferred hosts for the development of this fungus (Fig. 1). The findings of S. crocea are also known on representatives of the genera Pyrus, Prunus, Acer ( Volobuev, Bondartseva, 2012), as well as some other deciduous trees. Taking into account the available data on the occurrences of S. crocea basidiocarps and the peculiarities of its substrate preferences, we carried out this research with ...
Context 2
... absence of this activity in the studied strains, which is determined by the enzymes of the lignolytic complex, may be related to the use of wood extracts as a nutrient medium. Previously, A. Piscitelli and co-authors concluded that a low rate of oxidative enzymes can be obtained from the growing of fungi on wood (Piscitelli et al., 2011). An additional reason for the lack of oxidative enzyme activity in the studied strains on Malus-M and Pyrus-M is probably the insufficient quantity of carbon in them. ...
Context 3
... biological peculiarities of xylotrophic macrofungus Sarcodontia crocea (Schwein.) Kotl. (Polyporales, Basidiomycota), which is a dangerous phytopathogen in orchard agrocoenoses of Eastern and Southern Europe (Szczepkowski, 2010). Living apple trees (Malus domestica, M. sylvestris, etc.) are the preferred hosts for the development of this fungus (Fig. 1). The findings of S. crocea are also known on representatives of the genera Pyrus, Prunus, Acer ( Volobuev, Bondartseva, 2012), as well as some other deciduous trees. Taking into account the available data on the occurrences of S. crocea basidiocarps and the peculiarities of its substrate preferences, we carried out this research with ...
Context 4
... absence of this activity in the studied strains, which is determined by the enzymes of the lignolytic complex, may be related to the use of wood extracts as a nutrient medium. Previously, A. Piscitelli and co-authors concluded that a low rate of oxidative enzymes can be obtained from the growing of fungi on wood (Piscitelli et al., 2011). An additional reason for the lack of oxidative enzyme activity in the studied strains on Malus-M and Pyrus-M is probably the insufficient quantity of carbon in them. ...
Citations
... Donk (formerly named Sarcodontia crocea (Schwein.) Kotl.), and its biosynthetic potential [63,64]; and on a stenotrophic basidiomycete found in the Republic of Dagestan, Fomitiporia hippophaeicola (H. Jahn) Fiasson & Niemelä, which is the causative agent of sea buckthorn (Hippophaë rhamnoides) wood rot [65]; and on a xylothrophic fungus, Fistulina hepatica LE-BIN 3801 [66]. ...
... Donk (32 strains). Two Pleurotus species are widely distributed, abundantly fruiting in nature, and easy to culture, while such a number of strains of a rather rare species S. setosa can be explained by a special interest in its investigation [63,64]. More than 20 strains of the following species are preserved in the collection: 28 [57]. ...
Culture collections (CCs) play an important role in the ex situ conservation of biological material and maintaining species and strains, which can be used for scientific and practical purposes. The Komarov Botanical Institute Basidiomycetes Culture Collection (LE-BIN) preserves a large number of original dikaryon strains of various taxonomical and ecological groups of fungi from different geographical regions. Started in the late 1950s for the investigation of Basidiomycetes’ biological activity, today, in Russia, it has become a unique specialized macromycetes collection, preserving 3680 strains from 776 species of fungi. The Collection’s development is aimed at ex situ conservation of fungal diversity, with an emphasis on preserving rare and endangered species, ectomycorrhizal fungi, and strains useful for biotechnology and medicine. The main methods applied in the collection for maintaining and working with cultures are described, and the results are presented. Some problems for the isolation and cultivation of species are discussed. The taxonomical structure and variety of the strains in the collection fund are analyzed, and they show that the taxonomical diversity of fungi in the LE-BIN is commensurable with the largest CCs in the world. The achievements from the ex situ conservation of the diversity of macromycetes and the main results from the screening and investigation of the collection’s strains demonstrate that a number of strains can be prospective producers of enzymes (oxidoreductases and proteases), lipids, and biologically active compounds (terpenoids, phthalides, etc.) for biotechnology and medicine.
Stenotrophic basidiomycete fungus Fomitiporia hippophaeicola, being a wood-decaying pathogen of sea buckthorn (Hippophaë rhamnoides), has been recollected after 48 years in the Eastern Caucasus during the mycological and phytopathological investigations in the inner-mountainous part of the Republic of Dagestan, Russia. The identity of the species was confirmed by both morphological and ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 nrDNA data. We introduced and characterized the dikaryotic strain of F. hippophaeicola deposited for permanent storage to the Basidiomycete Culture Collection of the Komarov Botanical Institute RAS (LE-BIN). The morphological features and growth parameters of this xylotrophic fungus with phytopathogenic activity under cultivation on different agarized media (BWA, MEA, PDA) are described for the first time. The LE-BIN 4785 strain of F. hippophaeicola showed differences in growth rate and macromorphology, while the microscopic characteristics remained more robust during growth on the media tested. Qualitative analyses of oxidative and cellulolytic enzyme activities and assessment of the degradation potential of the strain examined in vitro were carried out. As a result, the newly obtained strain of F. hippophaeicola was found to exhibit medium enzyme activities and a moderate capacity to degrade the polyphenol dye azur B.
Chemical investigation of the hydnoid fungus Sarcodontia setosa resulted in the isolation of five compounds, including two new sarcodontic acid derivatives - setosic acid (1) and 7,8-dehydrohomosarcodontic acid (2) along with three known benzoquinone pigments - sarcodontic acid (3), 4,5-dehydrosarcodontic acid (4) and dihydrosarcodontic acid (5). The structures were elucidated using spectroscopic methods (UV, NMR and HR-ESIMS). The biosynthetic relationship of the isolated compounds is proposed and discussed. Antibacterial activity screening of compounds 1-5 against ESKAPE bacterial strains in vitro with zones of inhibition was performed and MIC values were established for the most active compounds (3 and 5).
Xylotrophic basidiomycetous macrofungi (Agaricomycetes, Basidiomycota) play a key role in wood degradation, and they are crucial participants in the global carbon cycling, due to their unique extracellular enzymes for the decomposition of resistant plant lignocellulose polymers. The enzymatic mechanisms for detoxification not only of natural lignocellulose degradation products but also of various xenobiotics make the basidial fungi widely used in various fields of biotechnology. This study focuses on discovering and studying new strains of xylotrophic fungi producing highly active enzymes of the lignocellulolytic complex. Sixty-two fungal strains of 33 lignicolous basidial species from different woody substrates collected from 2015 to 2020 within the Central Russian Upland (European part of Russia) were isolated in pure culture. As a result of the screening, three groups of fungi have been distinguished based on their growth rate and activity of oxidative and cellulolytic enzymes. The first group includes the strains LE-BIN 4335 Trametes versicolor and LE-BIN 3828 Funalia trogii, which combine high lignocellulolytic potential with a fast growth rate. The second group consists of LE-BIN 4401 Hyphoderma mutatum, LE-BIN 3835 Irpex lacteus, and LE-BIN 3615 Daedaleopsis confragosa with high growth rate and rather high activity of oxidative and cellulolytic enzymes. The third group is represented by the strain LE-BIN 3836 Steccherinum ochraceum, which characterized by an average growth rate and maximum production of ligninolytic and cellulolytic enzymes. All three groups of fungi can be recommended for further biotechnological application.
