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The implementation of the Beijing, Tianjin, and Hebei coordinated development strategy has seriously increased the influence of land use and urban traffic. Thus, understanding the coordination between urban land and transportation systems is important for the efficient and sustainable development of cities, especially in this rapidly urbanizing era...
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... In line with these advantages, spatial observations in the Tugu and Ngaliyan Districts in 2023 show that although WIA's internal development is not significant yet because it takes 27 years for 72% of the built-up area (of 250 hectares) (Figure 4), however developments surrounding WIA are progressive with housing domination. In accordance with the theory, the availability of jobs does determine the location of housing as a direct impact of industry and as an urban land use structure [49,50]. A comparison of google imagery in the last 10-20 years also shows that there has been an increase in building density surrounding industrial estates with random and linear patterns ( ...
The trend of urbanization forms a sustainable urban urgency through the planning of land use and infrastructure. In fulfilling urban productivity, these plans are often fragmented. This phenomenon occurs surrounding the Wijayakusuma Industrial Area, Semarang City. As a generator/vibrant of the economy and surrounding area, industry coexists with uncontrolled and non-standard infrastructure. The research aims to analyze the impact of industrial development on the infrastructure sustainability within and surrounding the Wijayakusuma Industrial Area. The study used a qualitative approach with mapping techniques, document review, and in-depth interviews that were analyzed descriptively and spatially. The results show that the attractiveness and economic potential of the industry have a strong impact on increasing infrastructure needs. However, the authority for independent infrastructure planning has resulted in the industry only focusing on internal but has not considered the impact/system unity of the surrounding infrastructure, like slums, not-interconnected, and non-standard infrastructure so it is not sustainable. The novelty is an infrastructure impact solution considering vibrant concepts in industrial strategic areas, through the concept of handling existing infrastructure, alternative infrastructure provision, especially livable and sustainable housing for workers, increasing access through TOD/neighborhood units, also physical planning and control policies.
... Among them, environmental issues have received significant attention (Liu and Diamond 2005), which has led many scholars to focus on the relationship between economic and environmental systems (Fang et al. 2016;Zuo et al. 2017). The coupled coordination degree model is widely used to measure the degree of coordinated development between multiple subsystems (Li et al. 2019;Ma et al. 2019;Xiao et al. 2019). Scholars measure the comprehensive score of each subsystem by constructing the corresponding index system, then calculate the coupling coordination degree to judge whether the subsystems are coordinated development (Weng et al. 2022). ...
... Population size Population is one of the crucial factors affecting sustainable urban development (Ding et al. 2016). Higher population size may put pressure on resource utilization ) and increase carbon emissions (Wang et al. 2019a), while lower population size can limit urban economic development (Li et al. 2019). This paper uses the total population at the end of the year to represent the population size. ...
Evaluating the effects of China’s carbon emission trading scheme (ETS) is crucial for the coordinated development of Chinese cities. Therefore, based on the panel data of 242 cities in China from 2008 to 2019, this paper uses the multi-period difference-in-difference (DID) model to comprehensively evaluate the impact of carbon market on the coordinated development of cities from the perspectives of carbon market policy and carbon market efficiency, and then analyzes the mechanism and heterogeneity of the effect of carbon market efficiency. The results show that both carbon market policy and carbon market efficiency can promote the coordinated development of cities. Science and education expenditure plays a significant intermediary role in the impact of carbon market efficiency on the coordinated development of cities. The heterogeneity test finds that the stricter the performance penalty system, the higher the level of urban coordinated development, and the stronger the effect of carbon market efficiency. The findings of this paper provide policy recommendations for further improving the construction of China’s pilot and national ETS and enhancing the coordinated development of Chinese cities.
... Land use, as one of the elements of urban functions and development changes, can be considered in accessibility measurement [30]. The impact of land use on transportation in the development of cities has been well analyzed [36,37]. Land-use characteristics around stations can influence opportunities, and land-use variables are measured in terms of the independence degree in the accessibility approach to measure a network's vulnerability [34]. ...
The urban public transport network is closely related to urban construction and is susceptible to external influences, especially the bus network (BN). The measurement of the changes in the performance of BN under disruptions plays an important role in the development of bus systems. This paper takes the land-use type around each bus stop to modify the standard coverage range and then combines the attractive service area of the stop and the passenger flow as the opportunity coefficient to propose an improved accessibility model. Finally, the vulnerability of the BN based on the improved accessibility model in different time periods under four disruptions is analyzed. Taking BN in the central area of Xi’an as a case study, the results show that the BN is less vulnerable when stops are associated with high land-use type attractiveness, and regions with a single land-use type have high vulnerability levels. In addition, the land-use disruption causes larger-scale network vulnerability than topological disruptions. An interesting result, opposed to common sense, is found in stops within the top 10% of topological disruption failure probabilities, i.e., the BN is the most vulnerable during the off-peak night period. This study supplements the coordinated development of public transport and land use in future planning.
... As an important carrier of events activities, urban MICE industry has become an important way for the BTH Coordinated Development. The spatial structure of urban MICE activities play an important role in regional economic development and promoting smooth implementation of BTH Coordinated Development [11][12][13][14][15][16][17]. During the '13th Five Year Plan' period, the competition of urban industrial clusters is increasingly fierce. ...
Industrial upgrading and transfer is one of the three key areas in the coordinated development of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region. Meetings, incentives, conferences and exhibitions (MICE) are important means of promoting industrial upgrading. Urban MICE industry, as an important carrier of event activities, become an important gripper for coordinated development of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region. City exhibition space structure plays an dominant role in regional economic development, and it will greatly promote smooth implementation of the coordinated development strategy of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region. In this paper, 13 prefecture-level cities in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei were selected as research objects, and the data from 2012 to 2018 were selected to establish a gravity model of the attractiveness of MICE cities. With the help of UCINET software, the network density, centrality, cohesive subgroup and core-edge of nodes researches were obtained to analyze the spatial structure characteristics of the attractiveness of MICE cities in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region. The influencing factors of the spatial characteristics of MICE city attractiveness are analyzed by using geographically weighted regression model. The results show that: (1) Beijing, as the overall core area, act as a prominent role. Beijing strengthens the attraction to the superior resources of the surrounding areas, but the network of MICE cities tends to be unbalanced. (2) Overall space forms a subgroup from a single independent subgroup to a subgroup that is spatially separated from each other and acts as an intermediary channel to connect each other, and the core region decreases from 3 to 2. Langfang was removed from the list, leaving Beijing and Tianjin as the core. (3) The influence of supporting facilities, urban environment and population factors on the MICE city attractiveness of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region is increasing gradually. The influence of tourism development level on the MICE city attractiveness of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region is decreasing gradually. The influence of economic development level and Internet development level on the MICE city attractiveness of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region remains unchanged.
... By 2022, Sichuan Hi-tech Zone will have 62 new gazelle enterprises, up 40.8%, 14,500 high-tech enterprises, up 42.3%, and 18,700 small and medium-sized technology-based enterprises, up 26.2%. The operating revenue of the science and technology information service industry was 464.5 billion yuan, up 11.7% year on year, and that of the high-tech industry was 2.6 trillion yuan, up 11.8% year on year [64]. It ranks first in the country. ...
Based on the theory of independent innovation and competitive advantage, this paper takes industry cluster as the independent variable, long-term high-technology small and middle size enterprises (high-tech SMEs) performance and short-term high-tech SMEs’ performance as the dependent variable, and introduces independent innovation as the mediator variable to explore the impact of industry cluster on high-tech SMEs’ performance. SPSS22.0 was used to test the reliability and validity of the questionnaire distributed to 310 high-tech SMEs in Sichuan, China. SPSS is used for statistical analysis, integrating data entry, organization, and analysis functions. Its basic functions include data management, statistical analysis, chart analysis, and output management. A confirmatory factor analysis was conducted. Amos 24.0 is the structural equation model analysis software. After using Amos 24.0 to construct the SEM (Structural Equation Modelling) to verify the hypothesis, it was found that industry cluster has a significant positive impact on long-term and short-term high-tech SMEs’ performance, independent innovation has a significant positive impact on long-term and short-term high-tech SMEs’ performance, and independent innovation plays a mediator role in the relationship between industry cluster and high-tech SMEs’ performance. Based on the research results, this paper puts forward the following suggestions: (1) attach importance to independent innovation, introduce relevant technical talents, and improve innovation; and (2) accelerate the formation of clusters to improve the high-tech SMEs’ performance of the whole industry.
... Where min (dij) is the distance between any point and its nearest neighbor, n is the total number of beautiful leisure villages, and is the study area (Li, et al., 2019). ...
Today, the inequality of distribution of built environments leads to the formation of advantaged and disadvantaged neighborhoods. Advantage neighborhoods have good accessibility (Distance to) and availability (Number of) service centers. If the neighborhoods have some service centers that don’t provide healthy lifestyles, especially in increasing obesity, they can decline community health in these areas. So, this research tries to have a spatial view of obesity as a dependent variable. Independent variables are the number of and distance to food, smoking, and physical activity centers that are based on theoretical concepts. We analyzed them with dependent variables on SEIFA Clusters at SA2 level. This research has used spatial analysis methods such as BILISA Cluster on Local Moran I for clustering, GWR for spatial correlation which is a base of the analysis method. The results in the Great Melbourne Area (GMA) show that the level of accessibility is more important than availability and some SA2s in the low levels of SEIFA haven’t good access to a healthy built environment and which makes them more obese.
... ecological development, and has important practical significance for establishing a sustainable and efficient model of green, sustainable, and high-quality urban development. As a popular method for the analysis of the coordinated development of various systems, the coupled coordination model is widely used in the coupling analysis of ecological and other systems (Ariken et al. 2020;Liu et al. 2021;Zuo et al. 2021;Liu et al. 2020;Yang Y et al. 2020;Zhu et al. 2021;Wang et al. 2020;Li et al. 2019;Yang C et al. 2020;Xie et al. 2021). The coupling degree and coordination degree are used to quantify the coupling and coordination degree of each indicator within the system, which can reflect the degree of coordination and the relative development level of the system . ...
The economic and social structures of Chinese cities are constantly transforming in recent years. The coordinated development of economic, social, and ecological environment is an important path to achieving the construction of high-quality development. Taking Guangdong Province, the largest economic province in China, as an example, the evaluation index systems of economic development system (ED), social development system (SD), and ecological environment system (EE) are constructed, respectively. The entropy weight method and comprehensive evaluation method are applied to measure the evaluation indexes of economic, social, and ecological environment levels of each city in Guangdong Province from 2010 to 2020. The coupled coordination model is used to measure the spatial and temporal evolution of the coupled ED-SD-EE coordination of Guangdong cities and explore the impact of the epidemic on the coupling coordination degree. The results concluded that (i) the economic, social, and ecological environment of each city in Guangdong Province will be more harmonious from 2010 to 2020. ED-SD-EE coupling coordination of Guangdong cities shows a “rising and then declining” trend, but it is still in a “high coupling-low coordination” development state. (ii) The lagging development of the coupled ED-SD-EE system in Guangdong cities is mainly the ecological environment system. (iii) Epidemic harms the coupling and coordination of Guangdong cities, with the most negative effect on the coordination development of the EE. The paper findings clarify the current state of ED-SD-EE coupling and coordination in Guangdong cities, with a view to providing a reference basis for policy formulation and research on quality urban development.
... It depends on human mobility and the opportunity to reach the desired destination through mobility. Ever since Hansen first proposed the concept of accessibility in 1959 [17], several scholars have conducted in-depth research on accessibility, mainly on the layout and location of social public service facilities [18,19], relationship between road network and accessibility in different regions, and factors affecting accessibility [20,21]. Moreover, the research areas have been relatively small, for example, schools, parks, and hospitals [22]. ...
This study was designed to evaluate the spatial distribution characteristics of 1432 beautiful leisure villages in China using econometric geography and spatial geographic information system analysis methods, such as nearest distance index, K index, and nuclear density. We also used the grid cost weighted distance algorithm to determine the spatial accessibility of beautiful leisure villages and the overall accessibility of county units. In addition, our evaluations determined the spatial differences in county accessibility using exploratory spatial data analysis (ESDA). Our results showed that the spatial distribution of the beautiful leisure villages in China could be best described using the cohesion type classification and that there were large differences in their distribution between provinces and economic regions. The average accessibility time of beautiful leisure villages was 197.24 min with only 57.19% of these commutes being less than 2 h, and only 17.88% being less than 30 min. The area with the longest accessibility time was located on the Qinghai Tibet Plateau, at up to 1510.03 min. The spatial distribution of accessibility showed obvious traffic directivity producing a positive Moran I value for most counties. There was also a significant positive correlation between the accessibility of beautiful leisure villages and their adjacent areas, and clear patterns of hot spots–sub-hot spots–sub-cold spots—cold spots from east to west. The overall service scope of beautiful leisure villages was characterized by west > east > middle, with topography, population, economy, and location acting as the major factors in the spatial distribution of these beautiful leisure villages in China.
... Governments have acknowledged the importance of urban transportation carrying capacity and adopts various policies to address urban transportation problems, such as traffic restriction, intelligent traffic light control, and congestion pricing (Li et al., 2019). These policy measures are introduced for the aim of reducing the demand of urban traveling by car mode. ...
... Previous studies have proposed various indicators for measuring the performance of urban transportation carriers under different travel modes (Illahi and Mir, 2020;Qian et al., 2020;Kwon, 2018). For example, length, density, and accessibility of road network are the indicators used for measuring the carriers of UTCC offered by car mode (Li et al., 2019;Zhang et al., 2020;Xia et al., 2018). Among these indicators, length of road network is the total length of road network within a traffic analysis zone (TAZ), which is the most popular metric for representing the supporting function of road network. ...
Urban transportation is a complex system typically composed of car, bus, non-motorized, and metro travel modes, which connects various residential traveling and transport facilities. It is important to have a proper method to facilitate understanding on urban transportation carrying capacity (UTCC) of individual types of travel modes and the balance performance between the carrying capacities offered by different travel modes. This study introduces an alternative model named “load-carrier” perspective method for assessing the four types of UTCC. A measurement of coordination degree is used to measure if the carrying capacities between different types of travel modes are developed and utilized in balance. An application of the proposed method is conducted by using empirical data collected from 805 traffic analysis zones (TAZs) in Chongqing City in China in 2020. The research findings suggest that: 1) the UTCC performance can be divided into five grades, namely, low, mild, moderate, high, and extremely high level of utilization intensity. 2) most of the TAZs in Chongqing were in low and mild level of utilization intensity of UTCC. 3) the balance performance between four types of transportation carrying capacities was poor in Chongqing City, with 97.1% of the sample TAZs are in imbalanced and slight imbalanced status. The demonstration conducted proves that the introduced method provides an important tool for examining the UTCC performance by different travel modes.
... There are also some different views on the impact of industrial land expansion on the economy. Some scholars believe that the spread of industrial land inhibits economic development [30][31][32], while others believe that spillover expansion has a better effect on promoting economic efficiency than enclave expansion [33,34]. ...
Economic expansion has caused increasingly serious land resource problems, and the decoupling of urban industrial land expansion from economic development has become a big topic for intensive development. The current research has mainly concerned industrial land efficiency, a single, static indicator, compared to a decoupling model, which takes into account two variables and gives a full expression of the spatio-temporal dynamic characteristics. However, little attention has been paid to the relationship between industrial land expansion and economic development in China from the perspective of decoupling. Based on a combination of Tapio‘s decoupling model and spatial analysis methods, this paper investigates the decoupling relationship between industrial land expansion and economic development in Chinese cities from 2010 to 2019. On that basis, we divided the study area into three policy zones and made differentiated policy recommendations. In addition, based on the decoupling model, we obtained the decoupling indices of the cities and grouped the cities into eight decoupling types. After the spatial autocorrelation analysis, we further verified the spillover effect of decoupling with the results of urban spatial differentiation. This paper draws the following conclusions: (1) Urban industrial land expansion and economic development exhibit marked and increasingly significant spatial heterogeneity and agglomeration. (2) Industry and economy are in weak decoupling in most cities, but there are a growing number of cities in negative decoupling. (3) Decoupled cities are shifting from the southeast coast to the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River and Yangtze River, while negatively decoupled cities keep spreading from northeast and south China to their periphery, with clear signs of re-coupling. (4) It is necessary to develop urban industrial land supply and supervision policies according to local actuality and to implement differentiated control of industrial land for cities and industrial sectors with different decoupling types. To some extent, this paper reveals the evolution dynamics, performances, and strategies of industrial land, providing a decision basis for industrial land management policies and industrial planning in China and other countries at similar stages.
