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– Barriopsis archontophoenicis (MFLU: 15–0015, holotype) a Palm Archontophoenix alexandrae. b Appearance of ascostromata on host substrate. c Close up of ascostroma erumpent through the host surface. d Peridium. e Pseudoparaphyses. f Section of ascostromata. g Immature ascus. h–j Mature asci. k–p Ascospores. q Germinating ascospore. Scale bars: b = 500 μm, c = 200 μm, d = 50 μm, e, g–j = 20 μm, f, k–q = 10 μm.
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During our studies of palm fungi in Thailand we identified a new species of Barriopsis on a petiole of Archontophoenix alexandrae, which we introduce herein as B. archontophoenicis. The new species is compared with other species in the genus Barriopsis and differs in its epapillate ostiole and smaller ascospores. Phylogenetic analyses of combined I...
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Citations
... To date, more than 100 genera of palms have been studied for their associated microfungi (Farr & Rossman 2021). Several studies on palm-associated fungi have focused on saprobic life modes found in terrestrial, extreme (peat swamp), freshwater, and marine habitats (Hyde 1988a, Pinnoi et al. 2006, 2009, Pilantanapak et al. 2005, Pinruan et al. 2007, Konta et al. 2016a, c, 2020a, 2021a, Mapook et al. 2020, Zhang et al. 2020, Tian et al. 2022. A few have focused on endophytic life modes involving living tissues (Taylor et al. 1999, Lumyong et al. 2009, Pinruan et al. 2010a, Wikee et al. 2013, Saengket et al. 2021). ...
Arecaceae is one of the important plant families in Thailand, and several of its representative genera are used for food, cosmetics, and energy sources. During the past eight years (2014 to 2022), more than 50 new taxa associated with terrestrial palm substrates have been reported in Thailand. The present study continued the survey of fungi associated with terrestrial palms in Thailand and based on both morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analyses of combined sequence data, fungal taxa belonging to the orders Amphisphaeriales, Diaporthales, Distoseptisporales, Glomerellales, Pleosporales, and Xylariales were identified. A new genus Triseptatospora and nine new species viz., Acremoniisimulans cocois, Acrocalymma arengae, Bartalinia adonidiae, Cytospora calamicola, Distoseptispora licualae, Neopestalotiopsis elaeidis, Pteridiospora arengae, Triseptatospora calami, and Xenoanthostomella calami are described and introduced here. Morphological illustrations, descriptions, and phylogenetic trees which indicate the placement of the new taxa are provided.
... Five species are accepted in the genus Barriopsis [35,[43][44][45]. Barriopsis tectonae was introduced by Doilom et al. [35] from a dead Tectona grandis branch collected in Thailand. ...
Botryosphaeriales is an important order of diverse fungal pathogens, saprobes, and endophytes distributed worldwide. Recent studies of Botryosphaeriales in China have discovered a broad range of species, some of which have not been formerly described. In this study, 60 saprobic isolates were obtained from decaying woody hosts in southwestern China. The isolates were compared with other species using morphological characteristics, and available DNA sequence data was used to infer phylogenetic analyses based on the internal transcribed spacer (ITS), large subunit rRNA gene (LSU), and translation elongation factor 1-α (tef) loci. Three novel species were illustrated and described as Botryobambusa guizhouensis, Sardiniella elliptica, and Sphaeropsis guizhouensis, which belong to rarely identified genera within Botryosphaeriaceae. Botryobambusa guizhouensis is the second species identified from the respective monotypic genus. The previously known species were identified as Aplosporella hesperidica, Barriopsis tectonae, Botryosphaeria dothidea, Diplodia mutila, Di. neojuniperi, Di. pseudoseriata, Di. sapinea, Di. seriata, Dothiorella sarmentorum, Do. yunnana, Lasiodiplodia pseudotheobromae, Neofusicoccum parvum, Sardiniella celtidis, Sa. guizhouensis, and Sphaeropsis citrigena. The results of this study indicate that numerous species of Botryosphaeriales are yet to be revealed in southwestern China.
... Lasergene SeqMan Pro v.7 was used to produce consensus sequences from the forward and reverse sequences. Newly generated sequences were subjected to BLASTn searches at NCBI and the related literature was also referred to [10,[30][31][32]. Accession numbers of the newly generated sequences in this study and sequences retrieved from GenBank are shown in Table 2. ...
... For Barriopsis, the combined dataset (SSU, LSU, ITS and tef1) consisted of 12 taxa with Lasiodiplodia crassispora (CBS 118741) and L. avicenniae (CMW 41467) as the outgroup. Related sequences were obtained from GenBank and Konta et al. [31]. After alignment the dataset comprised 2658 characters including gaps (SSU = 1028, LSU = 826, ITS = 500, tef1 = 304). ...
... Ascospores 26-36 × 12-16 μm (x̄ = 31 × 14 μm, n = 30), overlapping 1-2-seriate, ellipsoid to ovoid, broad at the middle, aseptate, rough-walled, initially pale brown, becoming dark brown at maturity. Asexual morph: Undetermined in this study, see Konta et al. [31] for details. ...
This study identified the Botryosphaeriaceae species associated with tea (Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze) in Taiwan and provides the first global checklist of Botryosphaeriaceae species recorded on this plant. Four Botryosphaeriaceae species, Barriopsis archontophoenicis, Botryosphaeria dothidea, B. fabicerciana and Neofusicoccum parvum were recorded from Camellia sinensis based on morpho-molecular analyses. Phylogenetic analyses were performed based on maximum likelihood and Bayesian analyses using SSU, LSU, ITS, tef1 and tub2. Botryosphaeria and Lasiodiplodia include the most common species recorded on tea worldwide. Comprehensive descriptions and illustrations are provided for the four Botryosphaeriaceae species reported in this study. These findings expand the knowledge of host and geo-distribution ranges of Botryosphaeriaceae species in Taiwan.
... Barriopsis archontophoenicis forms the sexual morph in culture medium after long Ex-type/ex-epitype/ex-neotype/ex-lectotype strains are in bold and marked with an asterisk (*). Voucher strains are also in bold periods of incubation (up to 6 months, Konta et al. 2016). The asexual morph is lasiodiplodia-like with hyaline conidia that become dark-brown and septate with irregular longitudinal striations (Stevens 1926). ...
... In this study, it was mentioned that ITS and tub2 sequence data have lesser variation, while tef1 sequence data have considerable variation. Konta et al. (2016) added a new species, B. archontophoenicis with the use of ITS, LSU, SSU and tef1 sequence data. In this study, we construct the phylogenetic tree for the accepted species based on ITS and tef1 sequence data (Fig. 4). ...
This is a continuation of a series focused on providing a stable platform for the taxonomy of phytopathogenic fungi and fungus-like organisms. This paper focuses on one family: Erysiphaceae and 24 phytopathogenic genera: Armillaria, Barriopsis, Cercospora, Cladosporium, Clinoconidium, Colletotrichum, Cylindrocladiella, Dothidotthia,, Fomitopsis, Ganoderma, Golovinomyces, Heterobasidium, Meliola, Mucor, Neoerysiphe, Nothophoma, Phellinus, Phytophthora, Pseudoseptoria, Pythium, Rhizopus, Stemphylium, Thyrostroma and Wojnowiciella. Each genus is provided with a taxonomic background, distribution, hosts, disease symptoms, and updated backbone trees. Species confirmed with pathogenicity studies are denoted when data are available. Six of the genera are updated from previous entries as many new species have been described.
... Phylogenetic analysis showed that our sequence clustered in the same clade (74 BS and 1.00 BPP) of Neodeightonia phoenicum, the species that showed to be closely related to Neodeightonia licuriensis (93 BS and 1.00 BPP), and differently from previously reports [21,23,26,27,36,37], Neodeightonia subglobosa was not so closely related to N. phoenicum. ...
The ascomycete Neodeightonia phoenicum CMIB-151 was isolated from bracts of a palm tree (Syagrus romanzoffiana) in Brazil, and identified by molecular techniques. This is the first report of the isolation of this fungus in South America, and for the first time this fungus has been described as producing an exopolysaccharide (EPS). Different carbon (glucose, fructose, sucrose, maltose, lactose, starch) and nitrogen (yeast extract, peptone, urea, ammonium sulfate) sources were evaluated for the production of EPS. Sucrose and peptone resulted in high production and yield of EPS. High production of EPS occurred at pH 6.0 and 8.0, and acidic conditions (initial pH 5.0) promoted higher mycelial growth. The EPS produced showed a high degree of purity, emulsifying activity and a high water- and oil-holding capacity; important technological properties for industrial applications. FT-IR and 13C-NMR (CP/MAS) analyzes showed typical spectra of carbohydrates containing six-carbon sugar in its structure, and the presence of β-glycosidic configuration with 3-O-substitution. The isolated EPS exhibited remarkable thermal stability.
Peatswamp forest is a unique habitat that supports high biodiversity, particularly fungal diversity. The current study collected submerged and dead plant parts from Eleiodoxa conferta , Eugeissona tristis and Licuala paludosa from a peatswamp forest in Narathiwat Province, Thailand. Morphological features coupled with multigene phylogenetic analyses of ITS, LSU, rpb2 and tef1-α sequence data identified our isolates as new Distoseptispora species (viz. D. arecacearum sp. nov. , D. eleiodoxae sp. nov. and D. narathiwatensis sp. nov. ). Morphological descriptions, illustrations and notes are provided.
Over the past three decades, a wealth of studies has shown that palm trees (Arecaceae) are a diverse habitat with intense fungal colonisation, making them an important substratum to explore fungal diversity. Palm trees are perennial, monocotyledonous plants mainly restricted to the tropics that include economically important crops and highly valued ornamental plants worldwide. The extensive research conducted in Southeast Asia and Australasia indicates that palm fungi are undoubtedly a taxonomically diverse assemblage from which a remarkable number of new species is continuously being reported. Despite this wealth of data, no recent comprehensive review on palm fungi exists to date. In this regard, we present here a historical account and discussion of the research on the palm fungi to reflect on their importance as a diverse and understudied assemblage. The taxonomic structure of palm fungi is also outlined, along with comments on the need for further studies to place them within modern DNA sequence-based classifications. Palm trees can be considered model plants for studying fungal biodiversity and, therefore, the key role of palm fungi in biodiversity surveys is discussed. The close association and intrinsic relationship between palm hosts and palm fungi, coupled with a high fungal diversity, suggest that the diversity of palm fungi is still far from being fully understood. The figures suggested in the literature for the diversity of palm fungi have been revisited and updated here. As a result, it is estimated that there are about 76,000 species of palm fungi worldwide, of which more than 2500 are currently known. This review emphasises that research on palm fungi may provide answers to a number of current fungal biodiversity challenges.
Thailand is rich in fungal diversity and new taxa are continuously introduced. In the last decade there has been a vast improvement on the taxonomy, phylogeny and classification of fungi, including in Thailand. Earlier studies were solely based on morphology while modern research uses morphology and molecular phylogeny. There is a huge gap between currently accepted species numbers and previously described species based on morphology. Hence, clarification of previously introduced species using molecular data and providing missing molecular data for those species, is as important as introducing novel taxa. Correct identification of fungi is important in plant pathology and for quarantine purposes. Some introduced fungal species have been discovered to be species complexes based on modern molecular phylogeny. The adoption of "one fungus one name" has necessitated the updating of previous classifications. There are also many taxa yet to be discovered from Thailand. Thus it is important to recollect, sequence, re-describe and resolve the taxonomic ambiguities. It is important to document all fungal taxa as well as provide information on their life modes and to update plant quarantine checklists. In this review we discuss the status of phytopathogenic fungal identification, evolution of the fungal studies through some well-known examples, modern technologies that can be used, and prospects. Most importantly we provide a checklist of plant associated fungi of Thailand, for which there is molecular data available.
The authors established the taxonomic status of endophytic fungi associated with leaves of Pandanaceae collected from southern Thailand. Morphotypes were initially identified based on their characteristics in culture and species level identification was done based on both morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analyses of DNA sequence data. Twenty-two isolates from healthy leaves were categorised into eight morphotypes. Appropriate universal primers were used to amplify specific gene regions and phylogenetic analyses were performed to identify these endophytes and established relationships with extant fungi. The authors identified both ascomycete and basidiomycete species, including one new genus, seven new species and nine known species. Morphological descriptions, colour plates and phylogenies are given for each taxon.
The authors established the taxonomic status of endophytic fungi associated with leaves of Pandanaceae collected from southern Thailand. Morphotypes were initially identified based on their characteristics in culture and species level identification was done based on both morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analyses of DNA sequence data. Twenty-two isolates from healthy leaves were categorised into eight morphotypes. Appropriate universal primers were used to amplify specific gene regions and phylogenetic analyses were performed to identify these endophytes and established relationships with extant fungi. The authors identified both ascomycete and basidiomycete species, including one new genus, seven new species and nine known species. Morphological descriptions, colour plates and phylogenies are given for each taxon.
