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Bactrodesmiastrum monilioides (CBS 137251). a–c Conidia, sporodochium and moniliform conidiophores from the natural substratum. Bars a = 10 μm; b, c = 20 μm
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Bactrodesmiastrum monilioides sp. nov. is described and illustrated from the twig of an unidentified plant collected in Spain. This fungus is characterized by sporodochial conidiomata with moniliform conidiophores, its conidia being solitary, broadly navicular to obovoid, mostly 2-septate, dark brown, with a black band at the septa and basal cell p...
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... schizolytic. Conidia solitary, dry, acrogenous, clavate, obovoid, pyriform or navicular, 2-5-septate, obconico-truncate at the base, brown, with paler proximal cells and darker distal cells, often with black bands around the septa, smooth-walled. Sexual morph unknown. Bactrodesmiastrum monilioides Hern.-Rest., Gené & R. F. Castañeda, sp. nov. (Figs. 2-3) MycoBank: MB 805963 Etymology: Latin, monilioides-referring to the catenulate swollen cells, constricted at the septa, forming the ...
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... Plagiascoma and Pseudoascotaiwania are known for their sexual morphs, which have immersed to semi-immersed, dark brown to black ascomata, unitunicate, cylindrical to cylindric-fusiform, stipitate, 8-spored asci with a non-amyloid apical ring, and uniseriate, hyaline or light brown, fusiform, septate ascospores [7,8]. Asexual genera Bactrodesmiastrum, Fuscosporella, and Parafuscosporella share the features of having sporodochial conidiomata, semi-macronematous to macronematous, hyaline to brown, smooth-walled conidiophores, monoblastic, integrated, hyaline to dark brown conidiogenous cells and ellipsoidal, obovoid to pyriform, brown to dark brown, septate conidia [7,9,10]. In comparison, Mucispora is distinct in having macronematous, mononematous, solitary, erect, brown conidiophores, usually elongating percurrently, and ellipsoidal to obovoid conidia, sometimes with a hyaline mucilaginous sheath [7,11]. ...
During a survey of freshwater fungi in Guizhou Province, China, six hyphomycetous collections were founded on decaying wood from freshwater habitats. These taxa were characterized and identified based on morphology, phylogeny, and culture characteristics. Phylogenetic analysis of combined LSU, SSU, ITS, RPB2 and TEF1α sequence data indicated that our six isolates formed three distinct lineages and were distributed within Fuscosporellaceae and Savoryellaceae. They can be organized as three new species: Fuscosporella guizhouensis, Mucisporaaquatica and Neoascotaiwaniaguizhouensis. Fuscosporella guizhouensis and Neoascotaiwania guizhouensis have sporodochial conidiomata, micronematous conidiophores and dark brown conidia. The former possesses irregularly ellipsoidal conidia with apical appendages, while the latter has fusiform to obovoid conidia. Mucispora aquatica is characterized by macronematous conidiophores, elongating percurrently and dark brown, narrowly obovoid conidia. The detailed, illustrated descriptions and notes for each new taxon are provided, and the species of Fuscosporella is reported for the first time in China.
... phytotax. 19(1): 103 (1984) Asexual morph Emended description and illustration refer toHernández-Restrepo et al. (2015a). Sexual morph Undetermined.Type species: Bactrodesmiastrum obscurum Hol.-Jech., Folia geobot. ...
... phytotax. 19(1):105 (1984) Notes: The genus Bactrodesmiastrum is characterized by solitary or aggregated conidiophores, mostly reduced to brown, monoblastic, conidiogenous cells, arising from pulvinate to subpustulate sporodochial conidiomata, and moniliform or beaded hyphoid cells(Holubová-Jechová 1984;Hernández-Restrepo et al. 2015a). Five species are accepted in this genus and one of them was collected from freshwater habitats(Calduch et al. 2002). ...
... Fuscosporella morphologically resembles Bactrodesmisatrum and Bactrodesmium which they share the characters as having sporodochial conidiomata, monoblastic conidiogenous cells and brown septate conidia(Hernández-Restrepo et al. 2013, 2015a. However, species in Fuscosporella have hyphoid, hyaline conidiogenous cells, while Bactrodesmiastrum species are characterized by solitary or aggregated conidiophores reduced to brown, single or moniliform conidiogenous cells(Holubová-Jechová 1984;Hernández-Restrepo et al. 2015a). Bactrodesmium differs from Fuscosporella in having hyaline or brown, simple or branched conidiophores supporting mono-or polyblastic conidiogenous cells(Ellis 1971;Holubová-Jechová 1972). ...
Sordariomycetes is one of the largest classes of Ascomycota that comprises a highly diverse range of fungi mainly characterized by perithecial ascomata and inoperculate unitunicate asci. Freshwater Sordariomycetes play an important role in ecosystems and some of them have the potential to produce bioactive compounds. This study documents and reviews the freshwater Sordariomycetes, which is one of the largest and important groups of fungi in aquatic habitats. Based on evidence from DNA sequence data and morphology, we introduce a new order Distoseptisporales, two new families, viz. Ceratosphaeriaceae and Triadelphiaceae, three new genera, viz. Aquafiliformis, Dematiosporium and Neospadicoides, 47 new species, viz. Acrodictys fluminicola, Aquafiliformis lignicola, Aquapteridospora fusiformis, Arthrinium aquaticum, Ascosacculus fusiformis, Atractospora aquatica, Barbatosphaeria lignicola, Ceratosphaeria aquatica, C. lignicola, Chaetosphaeria aquatica, Ch. catenulata, Ch. guttulata, Ch. submersa, Codinaea yunnanensis, Conioscypha aquatica, C. submersa, Cordana aquatica, C. lignicola, Cosmospora aquatica, Cylindrotrichum submersum, Dematiosporium aquaticum, Dictyochaeta cangshanensis, D. ellipsoidea, D. lignicola, D. submersa, Distoseptispora appendiculata, D. lignicola, D. neorostrata, D. obclavata, Hypoxylon lignicola, Lepteutypa aquatica, Myrmecridium aquaticum, Neospadicoides aquatica, N. lignicola, N. yunnanensis, Ophioceras submersum, Peroneutypa lignicola, Phaeoisaria filiformis, Pseudostanjehughesia lignicola, Rhodoveronaea aquatica, Seiridium aquaticum, Sporidesmiella aquatica, Sporidesmium lageniforme, S. lignicola, Tainosphaeria lunata, T. obclavata, Wongia aquatica, two new combinations, viz. Acrodictys aquatica, Cylindrotrichum aquaticum, and 9 new records, viz. Chaetomium globosum, Chaetosphaeria cubensis, Ch. myriocarpa, Cordana abramovii, Co. terrestris, Cuspidatispora xiphiago, Sporidesmiella hyalosperma, Stachybotrys chartarum,S. chlorohalonata. A comprehensive classification of the freshwater Sordariomycetes is presented based on updated literature. Phylogenetic inferences based on DNA sequence analyses of a combined LSU, SSU, RPB2 and TEF1α dataset comprising species of freshwater Sordariomycetes are provided. Detailed information including their habitats distribution, diversity, holotype, specimens collected and classification are provided.
... The unidentified isolate FMR 12412 grouped with A. limnetica (CBS 126576 and CBS 126792) in a fully supported clade (Fig. 5), but with a genetic difference (98 % and 95 % similarity with LSU and ITS markers, respectively) sufficient to be considered a distinct species. Considering that Ascotaiwania is polyphyletic (Boonyuen et al. 2011, Hernández-Restrepo et al. 2015a, with the type species A. lignicola placed on a separate branch far from the clade of FMR 12412 and A. limnetica, we accommodate both species in the new genus Neoascotaiwania, with the Spanish isolate being proposed as N. terrestris sp. nov. ...
During a survey of saprophytic microfungi on decomposing woody, herbaceous debris and soil from different regions in Southern Europe, a wide range of interesting species of asexual ascomycetes were found. Phylogenetic analyses based on partial gene sequences of SSU, LSU and ITS proved that most of these fungi were related to Sordariomycetes and Dothideomycetes and to lesser extent to Leotiomycetes and Eurotiomycetes. Four new monotypic orders with their respectively families are proposed here, i.e. Lauriomycetales, Lauriomycetaceae; Parasympodiellales, Parasympodiellaceae; Vermiculariopsiellales, Vermiculariopsiellaceae, and Xenospadicoidales, Xenospadicoidaceae. One new order and three families are introduced here to accommodate orphan taxa, viz. Kirschsteiniotheliales, Castanediellaceae, Leptodontidiaceae, and Pleomonodictydaceae. Furthermore, Bloxamiaceae is validated. Based on morphology and phylogenetic affinities Diplococcium singulare, Trichocladium opacum and Spadicoides atra are moved to the new genera Paradiplococcium, Pleotrichocladium and Xenospadicoides, respectively. Helicoon fuscosporum is accommodated in the genus Magnohelicospora. Other novel genera include Neoascotaiwania with the type species N. terrestris sp. nov., and N. limnetica comb. nov. previously accommodated in Ascotaiwania; Pleomonodictys with P. descalsii sp. nov. as type species, and P. capensis comb. nov. previously accommodated in Monodictys; Anapleurothecium typified by A. botulisporum sp. nov., a fungus morphologically similar to Pleurothecium but phylogenetically distant; Fuscosclera typified by F. lignicola sp. nov., a meristematic fungus related to Leotiomycetes; Pseudodiplococcium typified by P. ibericum sp. nov. to accommodate an isolate previously identified as Diplococcium pulneyense; Xyladictyochaeta typified with X. lusitanica sp. nov., a foliicolous fungus related to Xylariales and similar to Dictyochaeta, but distinguished by polyphialidic conidiogenous cells produced in setiform conidiophores. Other novel species proposed are Brachysporiella navarrica, Catenulostroma lignicola, Cirrenalia iberica, Conioscypha pleiomorpha, Leptodontidium aureum, Pirozynskiella laurisilvatica, Parasympodiella lauri and Zanclospora iberica. To fix the application of some fungal names, lectotypes and/or epitypes are designated for Magnohelicospora iberica, Sporidesmium trigonellum, Sporidesmium opacum, Sporidesmium asperum, Camposporium aquaticum and Psilonia atra.
Gohteikhimyces , a new genus of dematiaceous hyphomycete occurring on decaying wood submerged in a freshwater stream of Taiwan, is proposed based on morphological and molecular data. It produces effuse, black, and somewhat glistening colonies on the surface of natural substratum, which mainly composed of solitary, dry, dark, cymbiform or ellipsoidal to obovoid, 3–4-euseptate conidia, and secede rhexolytically from semi-macronematous conidiophores with percurrent regeneration. The conidia resemble those of Bactrodesmium species but they are not produced from sporodochial conidiomata. Phylogenetically, this new genus is placed in the Savoryellomycetidae incertae sedis, closely related to Flammispora , but is distant from the Fucosporellales which contains the Bactrodesmium species. This new genus is proposed based on three collections from different localities in Taiwan, with descriptions of two novel species, G. bactrodesmioides and G. taroides , which differ in geographical conditions of collection sites and conidial morphology. The two species are supported by sufficient differences in their LSU, SSU, and the ITS sequences. In this paper, the genus Gohteikhimyces is illustrated with line diagrams, light micrographs, and scanning electron micrographs.
A survey of lignicolous freshwater fungi in Thailand resulted in the discovery of one new species in Parafuscosporella herein described as Parafuscosporella lignicola. It is characterized by sporodochial colonies, moniliform or ellipsoidal conidiophores, ellipsoidal or cylindrical conidiogenous cells, irregular ellipsoidal and dark brown conidia. Phylogenetic analysis based on the combined LSU, SSU and ITS sequence data support its placement in Parafuscosporella. The species formed distinct clade from the type species and represents as ninth species in Parafuscosporella. The results of the pairwise
Asexual morphs of freshwater fungi have been mostly reported from tropical and subtropical regions. From our ongoing investigation of the diversity and taxonomy of freshwater mi-crofungi in Thailand, a country with rich natural resources and diverse ecosystems, Parafuscosporella ellipsoconidiogena sp. nov. and P. obovata sp. nov., collected from decaying submerged twigs at Phalad Waterfall in a conserved forest in Chiang Mai Zoo, Chiang Mai Province, northern Thailand, are proposed. DNA phylogenies based on a combination of ITS and LSU datasets support the placement of these species in Parafuscosporella (Fuscosporellaceae, Fuscosporellales, Sordariomycetes), and these two novel species differ from known species in terms of morphology. Detailed descriptions , illustrations and a key to Parafuscosporella species are provided, as well as comparisons with other accepted Parafuscosporella species.
Guizhou and Yunnan Provinces (Yungui Plateau) in Southwestern China are well known as biodiversity hotspots. We introduce two new species in this study viz., Mucispora hydei (in Fuscosporellaceae, Fuscosporellales, Sordariomycetes) and Tolypocladium cucullae (Ophiocordycipitaceae, Hypocreales, Sordariomycetes) and six new records based on morpho-molecular analyses. Full descriptions, color photographs and phylogenetic trees to indicate the placements of new species are provided.
The newly discovered systematic placement of Bactrodesmium abruptum, the lectotype species of the genus, prompted a re-valuation of the traditionally broadly conceived genus Bactrodesmium. Fresh material, axenic cultures and new DNA sequence data of five gene regions of six species, i.e. B. abruptum, B. diversum, B. leptopus, B. obovatum, B. pallidum and B. spilomeum, were studied. Bactrodesmium is a strongly resolved lineage in the Savoryellales (Sordariomycetes), supported by Bayesian and Maximum Likelihood methods. The genus Bactrodesmium is emended and delimited to hyphomycetes characterised by sporodochial conidiomata, mononematous often fasciculate conidiophores, holoblastic conidiogenesis and acrogenous, solitary, dry, pigmented, transversely or rarely longitudinally septate conidia. The conidia are seceding rhexolytically, exhibiting multiple secession patterns. An identification key to 35 species accepted in Bactrodesmium is given, providing the most important diagnostic characters. Novel DNA sequence data of B. longisporum and B. stilboideum confirmed their placement in the Sclerococcales (Eurotiomycetes). For other Bactrodesmium, molecular data are available for B. cubense and B. gabretae, which position them in the Dothideomycetes and Leotiomycetes, respectively. All four species are excluded from Bactrodesmium and segregated into new genera, Aphanodesmium, Gamsomyces and Kaseifertia. Classification of other 20 species and varieties not recognised in the genus is discussed. Based on new collections of Dematiosporium aquaticum, the type species of Dematiosporium, the genus is emended to accommodate monodictys-like freshwater lignicolous fungi of the Savoryellales characterised by effuse colonies, holoblastic conidiogenous cells and dictyosporous, pigmented conidia with a pore in each cell. Study of additional new collections, cultures and DNA sequence data revealed several unknown species, which are proposed as taxonomic novelties in the Savoryellales and closely related Pleurotheciales. Ascotaiwania latericolla, Helicoascotaiwania lacustris and Pleurotheciella erumpens are described from terrestrial, lentic and lotic habitats from New Zealand and France, respectively. New combinations are proposed for Helicoascotaiwania farinosa and Neoascotaiwania fusiformis. Relationships and systematics of the Savoryellales are discussed in the light of recent phylogenies and morphological patterns newly linked with the order through cultural studies.
Two asexual trichocladium-like species were recorded from coastlines in Japan and Thailand. Phylogenetic analysis of multi-gene sequence data placed them in Savoryella (Savoryellaceae), grouping with an unidentified strain isolated from submerged wood in a saline environment, but distinct from other Savoryella species. In this paper, we propose a new combination as Savoryella nypae based on Trichocladium nypae and a new species Savoryella sarushimana. Savoryella sarushimana differs from S. nypae in having larger conidial dimensions, with a rough to spiny surface and the proliferation of conidia. Detail morphological features coupled with sporulation in culture of the new taxa are illustrated. Notes on the phylogenetic placement of the discussed taxa and emendation of the genus Savoryella are provided.
Two hyphomycetes were collected from residences: a new species, Bactrodesmiastrum domesticum, with turbinate or obtriangular conidia and Conioscypha varia, reported for the first time from an indoor environment.
