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... the Morandi bridge was actually one of the most important bridges (also in graph terms) for the traffic in Liguria. Figure 1 shows the BC of the whole region before the bridge collapse, with higher values represented with the red color and lower values represented in blue. Figure 2 provides a detailed vision of the situation closer to the Morandi bridge before and after its collapse. ...
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Citations
... Monitoring operations are then necessary to guarantee health and safety conditions by detecting instabilities or controlling the evolution of deformation patterns (Di Stefano et al., 2020). After the most recent drastic events in Italy, such as the collapse of the Morandi Bridge in Genoa, there is a growing attention to prevention, so an increasing focus on preventive maintenance (Morgese et al., 2020;Domaneschi et al., 2021;Petito et al., 2019). In order to increase the investments dedicated to prevention, several Italian engineering companies are allowed to take benefits from bonuses for buildings rehabilitation. ...
Buildings, construction sites and civil structures need an accurate, continuous, and real time monitoring system. This necessity arises to detect dangerous situations for the structures and any occupant, especially during natural or anthropogenic events such as earthquakes or delicate phases of invasive operations such as excavations for piling. During these situations, the static and dynamic conditions of a structure and everything related to it could be impaired. The analysis and evaluation of significant displacements and deformation parameters, which are fundamental for structural controls and health monitoring, can be approached following different exchangeable procedures. Among the non-destructive monitoring techniques used in recent years, such as in this research, wireless sensors, are having a remarkable development in detecting anomalies. The acquisition of significant deformation parameters is obtained starting from the traditional topographic survey by total station and using static and dynamic sensors. Monitoring equipment concerns three-axial wireless tiltmeters which allow to measure accurately any angle of inclination in the points where they are installed in order to monitor kinematic movements during yard phases. The main purpose of this experiment is to compare data collected by tiltmeters with those obtained by the robotic total station. Three-axial accelerometers are also installed to obtain the acceleration value of the different reference points. By processing the collected data, it is proved that the final results are comparable, despite using different and completely independent monitoring systems. These integrated survey approaches demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of designing a monitoring system based on sensors that are installed to observe changing phenomena over the time, especially during delicate phases of invasive operations, which may represent a more widespread low-cost and reliable solution.
... Within this frame, the purpose of the paper is to analyze the overall response of the metropolitan transport system in the event of the catastrophic fall of the Morandi Viaduct in Polcevera Valley, which divided the conurbation of Genoa in two, also affecting the entire national and supranational highways system [12,13]. Here, institutional and noninstitutional actions were put in place in order to overcome the emergency status, becoming an incomparable opportunity of observation of formal and informal initiatives in the field of daily commuting and goods delivery service. ...
The relationship between the institutional (established in law) and non-institutional initiatives (not supported by law) that improve the public transport system is currently a debated topic. The purpose of this paper is to identify the most relevant aspects of this relationship during an emergency event, namely the paradigmatic case study of the collapse of the Morandi Bridge in Genoa, which occurred in August 2018. The investigation, according to a consistent methodology widely used in the literature, is made up of a selection of interviews with professional figures particularly involved in institutional structures, drawing on qualitative results, and compared with official statistics. The events that occurred in Genoa, during the phase of reorganization of the urban transport service and the circulation in the city, underlined how the response of citizenship is a crucial element, including from the governance point of view. Analytic and observational findings reveal that non-institutional initiatives smooth major criticalities where formal institutions can only produce sub-optimal transport solutions (because of the limited means they own by virtue of the moment of emergency), providing evidence that the two modes of governance are absolutely complementary.
... Hong and Yao (2019) investigated urban functional areas, whereas Hermann et al. (2019) analyzed active living environments. Meanwhile, Ribaudo, Leotta, and Petito (2019) investigated bridge collapse impact on gridlock congestion and immobility, while Yang (2019) analyzed forest fragmentations. Furthermore, searching "openstreetmap" in play.google.com 1 returned more than 200 applications which work for transportation, bicycle and car navigation, mountaineering, mountain climbing and hiking, tourism and travel, GPS, nautical positioning, wifi finders, and so on. ...
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