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The purpose of the present paper is to present some sustainable solutions for urban logistics. The approach is to identify the present challenges for urban logistics caused by the increase of freight volumes due to the development of e-commerce. To meet them, companies' sustainable practices were analyzed and the utilization of new electric power t...
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... to the eMarke- ter's forecast, Asia-Pacific, which just about 16% of the total population but account for as many as 46% of all digital buyers in the world, is now expected to become the leading region for e-commerce sales in 2015, representing a 33.4% share next year, compared to 31.7% in North America and 24.6% Western Europe (Figure 2). ...
Citations
... The variable IPIU had a positive impact on ECOM, supporting other research findings [98][99][100], a shock was absorbed in about two periods. In the short-term equation, only the intercept is significant. ...
The emergence of e-commerce reshaped the traditional trade models, also playing a significant role in meeting the UN sustainable development goals. According to the UN, sustained growth and social development must include resilient infrastructure, foster innovation, allow for better access to information and communications technology, and universal and affordable internet infrastructure. This study explores a multidimensional analysis of e-commerce development in the EU generated by the following factors: education, internet infrastructure, income, and economic freedom. We use an ARDL econometric model and Eurostat data. Additionally, we analyze the time responsiveness of e-commerce growth to changes in these factors. In the long run, our findings identify a stable and positive relationship between e-commerce and all these factors. However, in the short run, our results illustrate significant dynamics between two variables and e-commerce. Specifically, the level of internet access and the percentage of individuals who use the internet daily exhibit a positive short-run impact on e-commerce sales, with the system absorbing shocks within a short period. This research advocates for targeted policies that support innovation, fair competition, and consumer protection in the digital economy. This research provides valuable guidance for policymakers and stakeholders in improving the institutional framework to promote a sustainable development of e-commerce in the EU.
... This also has an impact on the increasing use of E-commerce as a medium for conducting online, remote and instant transactions (Mollenkopf et al., 2020). E-commerce covers all development, marketing, sales, delivery, service, and payment processes with the support of a wider network of business partners (Schöder et al., 2016). ...
The sustainable business model is critical in designing a performance model for logistics service companies by taking into account the dominant factors in managing all the resources needed to carry out operational processes, including the implementation of the logistics system as an effort to increase organizational competitiveness and resilience in the logistics services industry in a sustainable manner. The problems faced today are in line with the increasing frequency of using logistics services with the growth of E-commerce so the competition for logistics services companies, especially in urban areas, is getting tighter. This study used Mix Methods Research (MMR) with an explanatory design strategy and Structural Equation Model-Partial Least Square (PLS) analysis. In this study, a measurement model simulation used a system dynamic approach. Previous studies used the variant-based structural equation method but were limited to 1st-order models. This study aimed to formulate a more comprehensive sustainable logistics management model using the 2nd-order model and continued with a measurement model simulation up to 2040. The population in the study were employees of urban logistics services companies at the supervisor level with more than 5 years of service. Data were collected through questionnaires, observation, Focus Group Discussion (FGD), and literature study from January to August 2023. Based on the results, economic factors, environmental factors, social factors, and customer factors had a positive influence of 13.8 % (0.138 × 100%), 12.9 % (0.129 × 100%), 14.2 % (0.142 × 100%) and 12.9% (0.129 × 100%), respectively, meaning mutual support to the sustainable logistics model. Based on dynamic system analysis, the sustainable logistics model will have an increasing valuation every year. Thus, the relationship between variables in the sustainable logistics model was good in maintaining the company sustainability. This study is expected to give an exact recommendation for logistics companies to maintain their sustainability by always improving the four main factors with the positive influence namely environmental, customer, social, and economic factors.
... Globally, urban populations are projected to double within four decades with an estimated 70 % of this population living in cities by 2050 (Alotaibi and Potoglou, 2018). Addressing the issue of the high number of deliveries in densely populated urban areas is crucial =given its significant contribution to traffic congestion and pollution levels (Schöder et al., 2016). In addition, as e-commerce grows in popularity and more people turn to online shopping for convenience, variety, and lower prices, these deliveries (and emissions) tend to increase. ...
Utilizing passenger rail, including subways, to transport goods can have advantages over trucking in terms of efficiency and emissions. While some experimentation is ongoing in this area, combined passenger and rail opportunities in specific cities merit further attention. To more concretely examine how to leverage passenger rail for freight, this paper explores the potential of utilizing unused capacity in New York City (NYC) subway trains for transporting goods. Using General Transit Feed Specification (GTFS), rail and passenger data for the NYC subway, we found ways to use excess capacity and existing rail lines for freight transportation. We visu- alized a freight train timetable and graph, analyzed meet-errors between freight and passenger trains, and formulated prevention policies. Using U.S. Environmental Protection Agency data, we estimated emission re- ductions from replacing trucks with unused subway capacity. Our findings suggest that with adequate policies, investments and redesign, combining passenger rai and freight in the subways could significantly reduce truck trips, traffic congestion, and greenhouse gas emissions compared to trucking alone. However, implementing this approach requires careful collaborative planning, investment, enhanced security screening, and streamlined operations to minimize impacts on passenger transport. Further efforts should explore in more depth the costs and benefits and practical design and policy issues around using excess passenger rail capacity for freight transport in NYC and other cities.
... Energy efficiency is an extremely important factor in firstmile and last-mile delivery logistics, since deliveries are composed of individual orders and each order must be picked up and delivered at many different locations (Bányai, 2018). The increase in e-commerce over recent years has also led to an increase in freight volumes, which has further increased the challenges faced in urban logistics (Schöder et al., 2016a). The optimal location of urban logistics centres is crucial in reducing transport costs, the flow of goods in urban areas, and greenhouse gas emissions (Jiao et al., 2023). ...
Multi-service transport hubs provide a potential opportunity to achieve sustainability and emission goals and have been in contemporary research and policy discussions, however, mostly in the passenger transport sector. In Urban logistics, the delivery vehicles leaving a warehouse or a consolidation centre entering the city to deliver goods are usually filled to a certain capacity during their onward journey and when the goods are delivered, they return mostly empty during their return journey. In Urban waste management, the waste collection vehicles leaving from a waste collection centre into the city are almost empty during the onward journey and are filled to a certain capacity during their return journey, which is the opposite. To address this underutilized capacity issue, in 2017, in the city of Stockholm, a new type of Urban logistics hub was created through the Älskade Stad initiative which combined the urban logistics flows with the urban waste management flows reducing the number of vehicles required and reducing the empty space in the vehicles during both the onward and return journeys. This type of hub consolidates deliveries acting as an urban consolidation centre and also consolidates wastes, acting as a waste management centre. Due to the central nature of the hub, it can also include other services. The study coins a new term called 'Cologistics Hub' for this type of hub and investigates the scenarios in which Cologistics hubs are required and then builds the business models suitable for these scenarios and for maximum scalability. It identifies different types of stakeholders that can be part of the Cologistics hub ecosystem. Along with this, the study analyses different types of flows involved in a Cologistics hub, maps the business ecosystem, and identifies added values for all types of identified stakeholders in the ecosystem. In addition to this, this study analyses the perception of Cologistics hubs among the identified stakeholders and compares how the stakeholders perceive their current business-as-usual solution for urban logistics and waste management versus the Cologistics hub solution. In the end, the study provides a step-by-step strategy to follow using different conceptual frameworks used in this research for implementing a scalable Cologistics hub solution.
... Overall, to reduce emissions in consumer product returns in e-commerce, companies should focus on reducing transportation, processing and disposal emissions while also looking for ways to reduce the volume of returns and selecting products with less environmental impact. (Schöder et al., 2016;Wang et al., 2021) ...
... They showed that these vehicles are economically competitive and that it is necessary to apply them in sustainable urban logistics. In their paper, Schöder et al. [21] considered the use of new technologies in urban logistics and determined that the application of electric vehicles is still an underestimated element for the application of sustainable urban logistics. ...
Abstract: Urban logistics implementation causes environmental pollution; therefore, it is necessary to consider the impact on the environment when carrying out such logistics. Electric vehicles are alternative vehicles that reduce the impact on the environment. For this reason, this study investigated which electric vehicle has the best indicators for urban logistics. An innovative approach when selecting such vehicles is the application of a fuzzy-rough method based on expert decision making, whereby the decision-making process is adapted to the decision makers. In this case, two methods of multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) were used: SWARA (stepwise weight assessment ratio analysis) and MARCOS (measurement alternatives and ranking according to compromise solution). By applying the fuzzy-rough approach, uncertainty is included when making a decision, and it is possible to use linguistic values. The results obtained by the fuzzy-rough SWARA method showed that the range and price of electric vehicles have the greatest influence on the selection of an electric delivery vehicle. The results of applying the fuzzy-rough MARCOS method indicated that the Kangoo E-Tech Electric vehicle has the best characteristics according to experts' estimates. These results were confirmed by validation and the application of sensitivity analysis. In urban logistics, the selection of an electric delivery vehicle helps to reduce the impact on the environment. By applying the fuzzy-rough approach, the decision-making problem is adjusted to the preferences of the decision makers who play a major role in purchasing a vehicle.
... The future impact of SEE impact SDG implementation is differently perceived by Indian and German entrepreneurs. E-commerce broadly impacts sustainability, which is reflected in the vast majority of industries involved in the e-commerce (Escursell et al., 2021;Schöder et al., 2016). According to the scientific literature, SEE primarily focuses on implementing SDGs related to the economy, particularly SDG 8 (Decent Work and Economic Growth) and SDG 9 (Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure) (Waliczko & von Kolpinski, 2022). ...
E-commerce plays a significant role in driving global economic growth, and the integration of sustainable practices into business has given rise to the concept of Sustainable E-commerce Entrepreneurship (SEE). As the number of SEE initiatives continues to grow, examining their impact on implementing Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) becomes crucial. This study aims to explore the disparities between German and Indian SEEs regarding their perspectives on SDG implementation. This study presents a unique approach by comparing the viewpoints of e-commerce entrepreneurs in the Indian National Capital Region of New Delhi and the Berlin-Brandenburg Region in Germany regarding SDG implementation through SEE activities. The interviewees from both countries were asked about three key aspects: (1) the current impact of SEE on SDGs implementation, (2) the future impact of SEE on a specific category of SDGs, and (3) whether e-commerce should be seen as a source of global patterns for SDGs implementation or should be tailored to local needs. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to gather data, and the scripted interviews were analyzed with the assistance of ATLAS.ti software. The study collected semi-structured interviews with ten Indian and nine German SEEs. The study’s findings indicate that German SEEs place a greater emphasis on SDGs related to the biosphere compared to their Indian counterparts. This divergence in prioritization aligns with the socio-economic challenges currently faced by Indian society, which influences their focus on social and economic SDGs. Indian SEEs do not foresee significant contributions to improving the biosphere through SEE activities in the future. In contrast, German SEEs demonstrate an idealistic perspective on SDG implementation, with a stronger emphasis on the biosphere category of SDGs.
... Intelligent delivery technology can optimize the delivery process and improve delivery efficiency through intelligent scheduling, path planning, and loading optimization technologies, thereby reducing logistics costs and improving service quality (Liu, 2019). The Internet of Things technology can realize the intelligence of logistics equipment, the visualization of logistics processes, and the real-time transmission of information to improve the efficiency and accuracy of logistics operations (Schöder, Ding, & Campos, 2016). The application of these key technologies can make the collaborative development between urban logistics and e-commerce supply chains more efficient, accurate, and intelligent. ...
... Business Growth 10-12% in 2021 [14] 33% with a market value of IDR 337 trillion in 2021 [15] Subject Parcel sender Customer/e-buyer/parcel receiver Price and weight variation ≤ 30 kg Item price between IDR 100 k-500 k with weight around 2.2 kg/small parcel [16] Delivery Destination Nationwide 75.77% in urban Java [9] Delivery Destination Concentration Scattered There are e-buyer areas such as student dormitories, settlements, and offices [17] Delivery Time Standard, express, premium Express, premium/demanding [18] Service Availability Workdays, office hours Non-stop or 24/7 [18] Price Market Mechanism Market Mechanism + startup intervention [19] 1. ...
... Business Growth 10-12% in 2021 [14] 33% with a market value of IDR 337 trillion in 2021 [15] Subject Parcel sender Customer/e-buyer/parcel receiver Price and weight variation ≤ 30 kg Item price between IDR 100 k-500 k with weight around 2.2 kg/small parcel [16] Delivery Destination Nationwide 75.77% in urban Java [9] Delivery Destination Concentration Scattered There are e-buyer areas such as student dormitories, settlements, and offices [17] Delivery Time Standard, express, premium Express, premium/demanding [18] Service Availability Workdays, office hours Non-stop or 24/7 [18] Price Market Mechanism Market Mechanism + startup intervention [19] 1. ...
E-commerce transactions have increased during the pandemic as people living in urban areas turn to buy goods online rather than offline. A two-echelon distribution system using parcel mobile hubs (PMHs) with small vehicles can increase operational cost efficiency and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. The originality of this study is in building and testing a conceptual framework for selecting PMH locations with three variables (parcel distribution, internet quota for e-commerce, and center of e-buyer) and two constraints (space availability and traffic flow). Spatial analysis is used as a method to test the conceptual framework with a parcel distribution database from Bandung. As a city whose profile represents urban areas in developing countries well, Bandung is chosen as a case study. The proportion of distance to variables and the outermost point of each cluster is less than 10%, which proves that the three variables are correlated. This study proves that the selection of PMH locations based on this conceptual framework results in better sustainable performance compared to existing conditions. Using PMHs combined with city freighters can reduce operational costs by 19.7% and prevent 3.4 tons of CO2 emissions per year with conventional motorcycles and 7.2 tons of CO2 emissions per year with electric motorcycles or scooters.
... In business practice, the fleet used in urban deliveries for e-commerce purposes is often heterogeneous [61,62]. E-commerce companies use various logistics providers; therefore, the fleet structure differs between them [63,64]. In their current work, Grythe et al. [65] identified factors that allow for the parametrization of a heterogeneous fleet, such as vehicle type, vehicle size, technology type (Euro standard), and fuel type. ...
The rapid development of e-commerce during the COVID-19 pandemic has caused an increase in the demand for urban deliveries. In this study, we conduct an exploratory analysis to identify factors that influence the fuel consumption and related greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) of vans and trucks used for e-commerce delivery. The novelty of this research results from the proposal of a new actionable approach to calculate CO2 emissions from heterogeneous fleets in e-commerce deliveries. Through a literature review, a survey of transport managers, and a case study on e-commerce deliveries, we have found that the heterogeneous fleet structure impacts direct emissions from urban deliveries. We have taken into account the parameters of a heterogeneous fleet structure, such as gross weight, mass, fuel type, engine size, fuel consumption (liters/100 km), and the age of a vehicle. Through numerical experiments, we have identified that the age of a vehicle results in increased fuel consumption of 1.31% year-to-year for vans and 1.01% year-to-year for 18-t trucks. For that reason, we proposed a novel formula to calculate the direct CO2 emissions from heterogeneous fleets in e-commerce deliveries, which takes into consideration the age-related fuel consumption factor and the structure of a fleet.
