Figure - available from: Case Reports in Radiology
This content is subject to copyright. Terms and conditions apply.
B-mode US, power Doppler imaging, and SMI of a capillary hemangioma. (a) Isoechogenic lesion in the central part of the left testicle with peripheral hypoechogenic rim (11 mm) and central feeder vessel. (b) Power Doppler imaging showed strong vascularization of the lesion compared to the surrounding tissue. (c) Monochromatic SMI in split screen mode determined stronger feeder vessels in the peripheral part of the lesion with high central vascular density. Abbreviations: US: ultrasound; SMI: superb microvascular imaging.
Source publication
Capillary hemangioma is a rare entity among testicular tumors. We demonstrate the case of an 18-year-old patient with palpatoric and sonographic conspicuous left testicle and negative serum tumor markers ( α -fetoprotein, β -human chorionic gonadotropin, and lactate dehydrogenase). Ultrasound (US) imaging represented an isoechogenic lesion with hig...
Citations
... Although the use of multiparametric ultrasound has been well documented for TH in recently years, it is not considered sufficient by itself, and both surgical exploration and histologic studies are compulsory for a final diagnosis. [2][3][4] Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is an important diagnostic aid for testicular tumors. However, MRI of a 21-day-old neonate requires general anesthesia. ...
Testicular hemangioma (TH) is a congenital, uncommon and non-malignant testicular tumor. In the following report, we present a child who was brought to our emergency department with swelling of the right scrotum. Investigations were consistent with a TH and an associated hernia. We conducted an inguinal exploration given the hernia accompanying the TH. The pathological tissue findings were suggestive of a TH. In our further research, we found that this was the first neonatal hemangioma in the literature. It's important to know that an inguinal hernia can lead to the non-recognition of certain tumors.
... Testicular hemangioma often presents as hypo-echogenic central part with hyperechogenic ndings [6]. Although ultrasonography has been applied successively to the diagnose of testicular hemangioma, surgical exploration and pathology are still required for de nitive diagnosis [7]. Occasionally magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) could distinguish benign tumors from malignant testicular tumors. ...
Background: Testicular hemangioma is a extremely rare and typically occurs in childhood or adolescence. It is a benign tumor that appears as a slowly growing painless mass.
Case presentation: We herein present the case of a 3 year-old male patient with testicular hemangioma accompanying hydrocele, who underwent surgical resection.
Conclusions: This article discusses the diagnosis and currently available treatment options of testicular hemangioma. It also can be provide clinical experiences for urologist in face of similar situation.
... A classification of TT 48 and their most common associated B-mode and CDUS features is provided in Table 2 According to previous reports, increased vascularization (with arborization and branches) has been considered a malignant tumor characteristic 54,55 . Nonetheless, vascularization is not specific for malignant diagnosis because it can also be increased in stromal tumors 40 , focal orchitis 10 , TARTs 56 , or benign mesenchymal tumors such as capillary hemangioma [57][58][59] and leiomyoma 60 . Particularly, LCTs can appear as having a more intense blood flow than seminomas 9,29 . ...
Background
Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) is a sonographic technique that increases the diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound and color Doppler ultrasound (CDUS) when studying testicular abnormalities. However, its role in clinical practice is still debatable because there are no accepted standards regarding how and when this technique should be used for patients with testicular disease.
Objectives
To perform a nonsystematic review of the current literature to highlight the strength and flaws of performing CEUS and to provide a critical overview of current research evidence on this topic
Materials and Methods
A thorough search of published peer-reviewed studies in PubMed was performed using proper keywords.
Results
Strong enhancement of neoplastic lesions (both benign and malignant) was identified during CEUS that aids in differential diagnosis with non-neoplastic lesions, which usually appears either nonenhanced or enhanced in a similar manner to that of the surrounding parenchyma. CEUS enhancement have a high predictive value in the identification of neoplastic lesions, whereas a similar or complete absence of enhancement may be interpreted as strong evidence of benignity, although there are exceptions. Literature on quantitative analysis is still scanty, even if promising, particularly in distinguishing benign from malignant neoplasms. Furthermore, CEUS may be useful in many emergency situations, such as acute scrotum, blunt scrotal trauma, and focal infarction of the testis. Finally, CEUS can help increase the probability of spermatozoa recovery in azoospermic males.
Discussion and Conclusion
CEUS is a safe, easy-to-perform, and cost-effective diagnostic tool that can provide a more accurate diagnosis in testicular lesions and acute scrotal disease. However, further studies with larger cohorts are required to refine the differential diagnosis between benign and malignant neoplasms. Finally, these preliminary results can instigate the development of innovative research studies on pre-testicular sperm extraction to increase the chances of sperm recovery.
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved
... These findings are not sufficient for the diagnosis. Although multiparametric USG has been defined for testicular hemangioma in recent years, this is not sufficient, and surgical exploration and pathology are required for definitive diagnosis [5]. ...
Testicular hemangioma is a rare benign testicular tumor. In this case we presented who an infant applied to our clinic with left scrotal swelling. The tests performed were found to be compatible with testicular hemangioma and accompanying hydrocele. We performed inguinal exploration due to hydrocele accompanying testicular hemangioma. Pathology of tissue was found to be compatible with testicular cavernous hemangioma. In our investigations, it was seen that it was the first infant cavernous hemangioma in the literature.
Cavernous hemangiomas are benign tumors of vascular origin that can develop in any part of the body. However, its occurrence in the testis is rare. To the best of our knowledge, we are reporting the first case of a patient with cavernous hemangioma with concern for an extracapsular extension on ultrasound imaging.
