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Average percentage of correct, multiple-answer, or blank questions among individuals before and after reading the leishmaniasis pamphlet. Greater Metropolitan Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Source publication
Although educational materials are frequently produced and used as part of control programs in Brazil, little is known about the efficacy of this type of information. This study evaluated the potential for disseminating information on visceral leishmaniasis using a pamphlet. The sample consisted of 551 healthcare workers and 379 laypeople from a me...
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Leishmaniasis is zoonosis caused by pleomorphic protozoa of the genus Leishmania. The spread of the disease in Brazil lead to this retrospective survey of canine visceral leishmaniasis diagnosed at the Service of Dermatology and Medical Clinics of the Small Animal Hospital-USP. We evaluated the records of 36 dogs naturally infected with Leishmania...
Introduction:
Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) stands out as a zoonosis observed on four continents and also in urban expansion zones in several regions of Brazil.
Methods:
A cross-sectional epidemiological study of VL cases in children under 15 years of age in the period from 2007 to 2012. Clinical data were gathered from medical reports; meteorolog...
American Visceral Leishmaniasis (AVL) or Kalazar, is one antropozoonosis caused by the protozoan Leishmania (L.) chagasi, it is transmitted by the bites of phlebotomous mosquitoes. The dog is the main reservoir to humans and other dogs. The objectives of this work was: to determine the canine visceral
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The Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) disease is considered a dynamic illness, considering its transmission patterns transitions as well as the vector plasticity. The purpose of this research is to associate risk factors with Visceral Leishmaniasis occurence around Campo Grande City / Mato Grosso do Sul State (MS) urban area using statistical and spatial...
Citations
... e increasingly intimate relationship between dogs and humans permeates controversies and conflicts in the face of canine leishmaniasis cases, which often precede human cases [15]. e current scenario demonstrates that VL control has been flawed since it lacks a popular participation to ensure effective control measures [16,17]. Although considered in the most recent PCVL guideline, health education has not been used as a capable tool to concretize individual and collective population learning [18]. ...
... A proportional stratified-type probabilistic sampling was used according to gender (female and male) and age (15)(16)(17)(18)(19) years, 20-24 years, 25-34 years, 35-44 years, 45 years or more). Information used to estimate the size of each stratum was obtained from the 2010 demographic census do IBGE (Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística). ...
Aiming to optimize and adjust leishmaniasis prevention and control measures for the resident population of Pains, state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, a structured questionnaire containing conceptual questions and questions about household characteristics was used to evaluate knowledge level and exposure risk. A total of 396 individuals were interviewed revealing unscientific and fragmented knowledge about the subject for most of the studied population. The female population was found to have 1.68 times more chance of knowing about the disease than the male population, while highly educated individuals were found to have 2.92 times more chances of knowing about leishmaniasis compared to basic educated individuals. All of the respondents reported the presence of, at least, one risk factor, while ages ≥40 years were considered a protective factor compared to younger ages, indicating that older individuals are more likely to recognize risks and protect themselves against leishmaniasis. These results will contribute to the production of didactic materials for the population with respect to their previous knowledge and will provide a basis for control and prophylactic measures.
... Knowledge translation (KT) strategies may include: printed educational material, knowledge brokers, audits and feedback, videos, photographs, drawings, performances, poetry, storytelling, and workshops (Archibald and Kitson 2019;Ayuso-Mateos et al. 2019;Bornbaum et al. 2015;Bourbonnais and Michaud 2017;Caretta 2015;Eakin and Endicott 2006;Edwards et al. 2019;Grimshaw et al. 2012;Hall 2019;Hébert et al. 2020;Lafrenière et al. 2013;LaRocca et al. 2012;Profeta da Luz et al. 2005;Shelby and Ernst 2013;Yamada et al. 2015). KT strategies can be regrouped broadly into written, electronic, and visual materials, as well as interpersonal communication activities (Hall 2019;Lafrenière et al. 2013). ...
... KT strategies are also more effective when they reflect cultural, political, and economic context (Malla et al. 2018). Therefore, when choosing a KT strategy, context and audience should be considered (Caretta 2015;Chapman et al. 2020;Hébert et al. 2020;Profeta da Luz et al. 2005;Siron et al. 2015), as well as the means of translation's previously reported effectiveness among stakeholder groups (Grismshaw et al. 2012;Grol 1997;Lavis et al. 2003). Studies show that combining multiple KT strategies is effective at changing practice (Chapman et al. 2020;Yamada et al. 2015). ...
... Other tactics can ensure that dissemination strategies are context-relevant: including local language use, thereby fostering participant ownership of results and their contextualization (Malla et al. 2018) and sharing messages that consider the population's beliefs and practices (Caretta 2015;Profeta da Luz et al. 2005). Local languages were used in both projects, and in RCI, a pamphlet was created that included lay and locally used terminology, as well as pictures to help summarize key findings (strategy 3). ...
Objectives
We describe the knowledge translation strategies in two projects and share lessons learned about knowledge sharing and uptake.Methods
To generate findings for dissemination: (1) the Republic of Côte d’Ivoire (RCI) project relied on a multiple case study design to document barriers and facilitators to implementing a community-led prevention strategy targeting Ebola virus disease; and (2) the Tunisia project used several designs to assess a mental health training’s effectiveness, and a case study design to explore contextual factors that may influence anticipated outcomes.ResultsTo share findings with participants, the RCI project relied on workshops and a pamphlet, and the Tunisia project relied on a structured half-day dissemination workshop and research summary. Facilitators that may have encouraged sharing and using findings include involving champions in dissemination activities, ongoing collaboration, and developing/implementing context-specific knowledge sharing strategies. Barriers include omitting to assess strategies, limited consideration of a wider audience, and the exclusion of a knowledge translation training component.Conclusions
Our experiences might be useful to contexts involved in global and public health research that wish to address the “know-do gap.”
... A doença pode cursar com diferentes manifestações clínicas, comuns a outras enfermidades. 2,3 Seu tratamento envolve o uso de medicamentos com potencial toxicidade, capazes de provocar graves efeitos adversos, especialmente em um cenário caracterizado pela insuficiência de profissionais preparados e de serviços organizados para a correta assistência e manejo da LV. 4,5 Observa-se, ainda, baixo conhecimento e pouco envolvimento da população nas ações de prevenção e controle desse agravo, 6 contribuindo para que a doença apresente alta taxa de letalidade no país, equivalente a 6,4% no período de 2009 a 2013. 7 Para a efetividade das ações de prevenção e controle da LV nesse contexto, é imperativo intervir em localidades onde a LV é endêmica, respeitando o município enquanto espaço e sistema organizado, dinâmico e complexo para intervenção e análise, com ênfase na articulação e integração das ações entre serviços que, tradicionalmente, funcionam de forma fragmentada. ...
OBJETIVO:
avaliar a estratégia de organização de serviços de saúde para prevenção e controle da leishmaniose visceral (LV) em Ribeirão das Neves, Minas Gerais, Brasil, de 2010 a 2012.
MÉTODOS:
pesquisa avaliativa de tipo estudo de caso, sobre o grau de implantação de uma estratégia voltada à integração dos serviços de assistência, controle de zoonoses e vigilância epidemiológica; consistiu de observação do processo de trabalho, entrevistas com profissionais e análise de dados secundários dos sistemas de informações.
RESULTADOS:
a implantação mostrou-se parcialmente adequada (84%); na estrutura, o fator de recursos humanos obteve a pior avaliação (64%), e no processo, a reorganização da assistência (80%) e da vigilância (77%); no período 2010-2012, houve aumento de 20% nas notificações de casos de LV e redução de 20% no intervalo entre notificação e início do tratamento.
CONCLUSÃO:
a estratégia contribuiu para a melhoria da organização das ações de prevenção e controle da LV.
... Para haver maior efetividade através de programas de controle e prevenção de doenças endêmicas, é necessário apoio econômico e apropriado esclarecimento para a população sobre quais ações devem ser realizadas, de forma a contribuir com as medidas determinadas (DIAS, 1998;LUZ;SCHALL;RABELLO, 2005). ...
... Para haver maior efetividade através de programas de controle e prevenção de doenças endêmicas, é necessário apoio econômico e apropriado esclarecimento para a população sobre quais ações devem ser realizadas, de forma a contribuir com as medidas determinadas (DIAS, 1998;LUZ;SCHALL;RABELLO, 2005). ...
... Para haver maior efetividade através de programas de controle e prevenção de doenças endêmicas, é necessário apoio econômico e apropriado esclarecimento para a população sobre quais ações devem ser realizadas, de forma a contribuir com as medidas determinadas (DIAS, 1998;LUZ;SCHALL;RABELLO, 2005). ...
Visceral leishmaniasis (VL), a zoonosis with cosmopolitan distribution and responsible for millions of cases in humans every year, is due to protozoans of the genus Leishmania as the etiological agent, with transmission occurring via the bites of sandflies (phlebotomines). Changes in the environment, such as deforestation and the expansion of urban areas to the edges of woods, amongst others, have led to urbanization of the parasite and increased risk of human infection. The aims of this study were to: i) evaluate the knowledge of families living in the rural settlement "Estrela da Ilha" of Ilha Solteira (São Paulo State) in relation to LV, ii) diagnose canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL) in the family dogs, and iii) submit the data obtained to dependency analysis using the Chi-squared test and Fischer’s exact test (p ≤ 0.05), in order to determine whether such knowledge is sufficient for the control and prevention of this zoonosis in the rural environment. For this study, 39 families were interviewed using questionnaires, and blood samples from 93 dogs were collected and submitted to an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for detection of anti-Leishmania antibodies. 25.8% (24/93) of the dogs were positive for CVL, and 46.15% (18/39) of the families owned these infected dogs. The results of the Fischer test showed dependence between the variables "dogs of the families with LVC" and both "attitudes of families faced with a suspected case of LVC" (p = 0.0076) and "how may the population contribute to the control of CVL" (p = 0.0457). In both evaluations, larger percentages of the families knew the answer as to how to proceed, but this knowledge was not sufficient to reduce the numbers of infected dogs in their homes. The variable "dogs of the families with LVC" was also correlated with a lack of knowledge of the families concerning the "vector feeding period" (p = 0.0312). It is concluded that the rural families of this study possessed fragmented knowledge of the disease, resulting in inefficient prophylactic practices against LVC. The lack of collective actions based on adequate knowledge and basic preventive measures could increase the risk of cases of leishmaniasis in humans and dogs in this rural area.
... Para haver maior efetividade através de programas de controle e prevenção de doenças endêmicas, é necessário apoio econômico e apropriado esclarecimento para a população sobre quais ações devem ser realizadas, de forma a contribuir com as medidas determinadas (DIAS, 1998;LUZ;SCHALL;RABELLO, 2005). ...
... Para haver maior efetividade através de programas de controle e prevenção de doenças endêmicas, é necessário apoio econômico e apropriado esclarecimento para a população sobre quais ações devem ser realizadas, de forma a contribuir com as medidas determinadas (DIAS, 1998;LUZ;SCHALL;RABELLO, 2005). ...
... Para haver maior efetividade através de programas de controle e prevenção de doenças endêmicas, é necessário apoio econômico e apropriado esclarecimento para a população sobre quais ações devem ser realizadas, de forma a contribuir com as medidas determinadas (DIAS, 1998;LUZ;SCHALL;RABELLO, 2005). ...
RESUMO A Leishmaniose Visceral (LV), zoonose com distribuição cosmopolita e responsável por milhões de casos em humanos todos os anos, tem como agente etiológico protozoários do gênero Leishmania, e sua transmissão ocorrem através da picada de flebotomíneos. Alterações no ambiente, como desmatamentos, expansão de zonas urbanas para bordas de matas, entre outros, tem conduzido a uma urbanização desta doença e a falta de conhecimento pode aumentar do risco de infecção humana. O objetivo desse estudo foi: i) avaliar o conhecimento de famílias estabelecidas no assentamento rural " Estrela da Ilha " de Ilha Solteira/SP sobre LV, ii) realizar o diagnóstico para leishmaniose visceral canina (LVC) nos cães dessas famílias e, iii) submeter os resultados à análise de dependência pelo teste qui-quadrado e prova exata de Fischer (p≤0,05), para saber se tais conhecimentos são suficientes para o controle e prevenção desta zoonose no ambiente rural. Foram entrevistadas 39 famílias por meio de questionário e coletadas amostras de sangue de 93 cães submetidos ao ensaio imunoenzimático indireto (ELISA), para detecção de anticorpos anti-Leishmania. A presença de cães com LVC foi de 25,8% (24/93), sendo que 46,15% (18/39) das famílias eram tutores de cães com a doença. Pela análise de Fischer observou-se dependência entre as variáveis " cães das famílias, com LVC " versus " atitudes das famílias diante de um caso suspeito de LVC " (p = 0,0076) e sobre " como a população pode contribuir para o controle da LVC " (p = 0,0457). Em ambas as avaliações a maior porcentagem das famílias souberam responder como proceder, porém não foram suficientes para reduzir o número de cães infectados em suas residências. A variável " cães das famílias com LVC " também esteve dependente em relação à falta de conhecimento das famílias sobre o " horário de alimentação do vetor " (p = 0,0312). Conclui-se que as famílias rurais deste estudo apresentam conhecimentos fragmentados sobre a doença, resultando em práticas pouco eficientes como medida profilática da LVC. Dessa forma, a falta de ação conjunta (conhecimento e medidas básicas preventivas) podem aumentar as chances de casos de leishmaniose em humanos e em cães nesta zona rural. Palavras-chave: Leishmania. Cães. Questionário. ELISA. Assentamento rural.
... Para haver maior efetividade através de programas de controle e prevenção de doenças endêmicas, é necessário apoio econômico e apropriado esclarecimento para a população sobre quais ações devem ser realizadas, de forma a contribuir com as medidas determinadas (DIAS, 1998;LUZ;SCHALL;RABELLO, 2005). ...
... Para haver maior efetividade através de programas de controle e prevenção de doenças endêmicas, é necessário apoio econômico e apropriado esclarecimento para a população sobre quais ações devem ser realizadas, de forma a contribuir com as medidas determinadas (DIAS, 1998;LUZ;SCHALL;RABELLO, 2005). ...
... Para haver maior efetividade através de programas de controle e prevenção de doenças endêmicas, é necessário apoio econômico e apropriado esclarecimento para a população sobre quais ações devem ser realizadas, de forma a contribuir com as medidas determinadas (DIAS, 1998;LUZ;SCHALL;RABELLO, 2005). ...
RESUMO A Leishmaniose Visceral (LV), zoonose com distribuição cosmopolita e responsável por milhões de casos em humanos todos os anos, tem como agente etiológico protozoários do gênero Leishmania, e sua transmissão ocorrem através da picada de flebotomíneos. Alterações no ambiente, como desmatamentos, expansão de zonas urbanas para bordas de matas, entre outros, tem conduzido a uma urbanização desta doença e a falta de conhecimento pode aumentar do risco de infecção humana. O objetivo desse estudo foi: i) avaliar o conhecimento de famílias estabelecidas no assentamento rural " Estrela da Ilha " de Ilha Solteira/SP sobre LV, ii) realizar o diagnóstico para leishmaniose visceral canina (LVC) nos cães dessas famílias e, iii) submeter os resultados à análise de dependência pelo teste qui-quadrado e prova exata de Fischer (p≤0,05), para saber se tais conhecimentos são suficientes para o controle e prevenção desta zoonose no ambiente rural. Foram entrevistadas 39 famílias por meio de questionário e coletadas amostras de sangue de 93 cães submetidos ao ensaio imunoenzimático indireto (ELISA), para detecção de anticorpos anti-Leishmania. A presença de cães com LVC foi de 25,8% (24/93), sendo que 46,15% (18/39) das famílias eram tutores de cães com a doença. Pela análise de Fischer observou-se dependência entre as variáveis " cães das famílias, com LVC " versus " atitudes das famílias diante de um caso suspeito de LVC " (p = 0,0076) e sobre " como a população pode contribuir para o controle da LVC " (p = 0,0457). Em ambas as avaliações a maior porcentagem das famílias souberam responder como proceder, porém não foram suficientes para reduzir o número de cães infectados em suas residências. A variável " cães das famílias com LVC " também esteve dependente em relação à falta de conhecimento das famílias sobre o " horário de alimentação do vetor " (p = 0,0312). Conclui-se que as famílias rurais deste estudo apresentam conhecimentos fragmentados sobre a doença, resultando em práticas pouco eficientes como medida profilática da LVC. Dessa forma, a falta de ação conjunta (conhecimento e medidas básicas preventivas) podem aumentar as chances de casos de leishmaniose em humanos e em cães nesta zona rural. Palavras-chave: Leishmania. Cães. Questionário. ELISA. Assentamento rural.
... Luz, Schaal and Rabello (2005) conducted a study to evaluate the use of pamphlets as a tool for providing information on the disease Visceral Leishmaniasis to healthcare professionals and laypersons. The sample for their research consisted of 551 healthcare workers and 379 laypeople from southeast Brazil, whereas the methodology employed was survey questionnaire. ...
Environmental problems are getting worse nowadays. The importance of Environmental Education, particularly to the youth is crucial because youth are the leaders of the future and play significant roles in determining the direction of the country. This study aims to explore the effectiveness of video and pamphlets in influencing youth on Environmental Education. This study also determines to find the best medium to educate youth on Environmental Education be it video or pamphlet. The Social Cognitive Theory by Albert Bandura was used as a theoretical framework and a qualitative method of focus group was carried out in order to collect data from respondents. Findings indicated that respondents had a higher preference for the video as an Environmental Education medium as opposed to pamphlets. © 2015, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Press. All rights reserved.
... From these, six were selected for data extraction (Figure 1) and were approved during systematic review because they were located in South America (Tables 1 and 2). From these, we found four studies conducted in Brazil (Uchôa et al., 2004; Luz et al., 2005; Reis et al., 2006; Magalhães et al., 2009), one in Colombia (Isaza et al., 1998); and one in Peru (Bauer, 2002). The research resulted in 389 records; 54 were included for full reading. ...
... Most of the studies addressed cutaneous leishmaniasis (Isaza et al., 1999; Bauer, 2002; Uchôa et al., 2004; Reis et al., 2006). Two papers studied visceral leishmaniasis (Luz et al., 2005; Magalhães et al., 2009). Of the selected articles, five were interventions (Uchôa et al., 2004; Bauer, 2002; Luz et al., 2005; Magalhães et al., 2009; Reis et al.,2006, and one was a survey (Isaza et al., 1999). ...
... Two papers studied visceral leishmaniasis (Luz et al., 2005; Magalhães et al., 2009). Of the selected articles, five were interventions (Uchôa et al., 2004; Bauer, 2002; Luz et al., 2005; Magalhães et al., 2009; Reis et al.,2006, and one was a survey (Isaza et al., 1999). Regarding the evaluation of methodological characteristics, all selected articles met the minimum criteria, i.e. had at least two categories of the analytical matrix mentioned in the methodology. ...
Leishmaniases are important anthropozoonoses, representing a disease complex with highmorbidity and mortality in Brazil as well as worldwide. The aim of this study was to perform asystematic review on the production of scientific knowledge in South America related to healtheducation on leishmaniasis. The following databases were used: PubMed, Literatura Latino-Americana/Caribe em Ciencias da Saude (LILACS), Scopus, Science Direct, Web of Knowledgeand Scielo. An analytical matrix for the evaluation of the selected studies was elaborated consideringthe education categories: frameworks and models; educational intervention; educational proposal,assessment of policies, educational programs and projects. Studies were considered for analysiswhen they included at least two of these categories. We found 389 suitable manuscripts, of which54 were included for full reading. Six studies were approved and selected for data extraction. Ofthese, four were conducted in Brazil, one in Colombia and one in Peru. Four of the six studiesaddressed cutaneous leishmaniasis and the other two were related to visceral leishmaniasis. Amongthe selected manuscripts five were of intervention and one was a survey. The findings suggest thatstudies on health education in leishmaniasis, in Brazil as well as in other South American countries,should be encouraged because of the wide dispersion and great impact of these diseases in theaffected populations. Educational interventions on health occupy an important place regarding thecontrol of neglected diseases because they interfere with several epidemiological components of thedisease, presenting potential for transformation.
... In general there is significant improvement in the Nurses' knowledge level as regard the studied infectious diseases in post-test as compared to that in pretest. In contradictory with the present results Luz et al. (2005) reported that the baseline knowledge possessed by registered nurses, students, and users of healthcare service confirm those of previous studies. The question-by-question analysis showed that all participants (with the exception of the zoonosis control agents) had poor knowledge of leishmaniasis symptoms. ...
... The question-by-question analysis showed that all participants (with the exception of the zoonosis control agents) had poor knowledge of leishmaniasis symptoms. About 40% of both groups confused VL with tegumentary leishmaniasis or dengue, which was also demonstrated by Luz et al. (2005). Also, the recent study mentioned that intellectual skills are gained during a course of study that transferred to other situations may occur from learning situation (Zanchetta et al, 2013). ...
Often people travel adventure like a year in Africa to get away from their routine situations and locations, for a quick vacation or as a means of finding one's self, to enjoy new experiences, to learn and experience new languages, new food, and new cultures.
... Health education campaigns should be adapted, in contents, type, and format to the target population [1,21]. In other settings it has already been proven that educational strategies with informative materials can contribute to VL control programs [22][23][24], but written materials in rural communities of Ethiopia with high levels of illiteracy may not be appropriate. In the area of study, since the 2005 outbreak, there have been different actors implementing outreach activities with health education and case screening. ...
In the northwest of Ethiopia, at the South Gondar region, there was a visceral leishmaniasis (VL) outbreak in 2005, making the disease a public health concern for the regional health authorities ever since. The knowledge on how the population perceives the disease is essential in order to propose successful control strategies.
Two surveys on VL knowledge, attitudes and practices were conducted at the beginning (May 2009) and at the end (February 2011) of a VL longitudinal study carried out in rural communities of Libo Kemkem and Fogera, two districts of the Amhara Regional State. Results showed that VL global knowledge was very low in the area, and that it improved substantially in the period studied. Specifically, from 2009 to 2011, the frequency of proper knowledge regarding VL signs and symptoms increased from 47% to 71% (p<0.0001), knowledge of VL causes increased from 8% to 25% (p<0.0001), and knowledge on VL protection measures from 16% to 55% (p<0.0001). Moreover, the improvement observed in VL knowledge was more marked among the families with no previous history of VL case. Finally, in 2011 more than 90% of the households owned at least an impregnated bed net and had been sprayed, and attitudes towards these and other protective measures were very positive (over 94% acceptance for all of them).
In 2009 the level of knowledge regarding VL was very low among the rural population of this area, although it improved substantially in the study period, probably due to the contribution of many actors in the area. VL patients and relatives should be appropriately informed and trained as they may act as successful health community agents. VL risk behavioural patterns are subject to change as attitudes towards protective measures were very positive overall.
