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This paper intends to show the aspects of an environment-friendly hybrid energy system (HES) for reducing the electrical power problems in remote areas and providing pollution-free energy. It draws attention towards renewable HES to attain a consistent and independent system. Optimization of the apparatus extent, step-up asset price, and effects on...
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... HOMER is a hybrid power system design and optimization platform with a wide range of input and output data and sensitivity variable functions that makes it easier to analyze the generating power systems for stand-alone applications [52]. Before simulating the system in HOMER, we must fix a number of variables and limitations, including the power transmission mechanism, the load profile over a year, the energy resources taken into consideration, the costing of the components to be used, and the technical requirements of the components. ...
... The advanced streamlining model simulation tool HOMER repeatedly conducts many hourly simulations to determine the optimal supply and demand coordination. The cost of the life cycle is also considered in this model when grading the most suitable and optimized systems [52]. ...
This article explores the integration of on-grid renewable energy with battery storage to improve consumers’ comfort. Demand response (DR) programs are utilized to balance power supply and demand, offering consumers three response options: reducing consumption, shifting consumption, or utilizing on-site generation. However, these options may temporarily affect comfort. To address this, on-site generation through renewable energy integration has gained attention for its environmental and economic advantages. The study aims to demonstrate an environmentally friendly renewable integration system that resolves electrical power problems, ensures consumer comfort, and provides pollution-free energy. The proposed system primarily relies on solar panels with batteries as backup. Optimization is conducted using the HOMER software, and the system design represents a novel approach for the selected site. Simulation results indicate that the proposed approach significantly enhances consumer satisfaction and lowers energy costs in the absence of DR programs. This research presents a comprehensive analysis of the integration approach, emphasizing its benefits for consumers and the environment. By combining renewable energy integration and battery storage, it contributes to sustainable and comfortable energy solutions for consumers.
... In order to power the home appliances, an average household requires a system of 3kW-4kW. [6] ...
In one and a half hours, enough sunlight strikes the earth’s surface to supply enough energy for one year. Solar technologies harness the power of the sun by using photovoltaic panels or mirrors that focus and convert the energy from the sun’s rays into electrical energy. From this energy, electricity can be generated, or it can be stored in batteries or thermal storage. Photovoltaics (PV) or concentrated solar power are two methods of converting sunlight into electricity. Inexhaustible and renewable, solar energy is harnessed through the use of mirrors and panels and is produced from the Sun’s light - photovoltaic energy. By reducing the cost of battery storage and solar energy, hybrid systems are expected to become more cost competitive. Even at today’s prices of around 6-7 Indian Rupees per kilowatt hour (kWh), solar, wind, and storage can provide reliable round-the-clock power. In order to revaluate the performance, we have compared some of the research work done in the off-grid / off-grid systems simulated using HOMER. As HOMER compares thousands of possibilities at once, you can see how variables beyond your control affect the optimal system, such as wind speed, fuel costs, etc.
To reuse the exhaust heat produced by molten hydroxide direct carbon fuel cells (MHDCFCs), a new combined system mainly composed of an MHDCFC, a regenerator, and a Stirling heat engine (SHE) is theoretically integrated for fuel-to-power efficiency enhancement. Mathematical formulas of the performance indicators for the combined system are derived based on the first and second laws of thermodynamics, from which the feasibility and effectiveness of the combined system are evaluated from both energetic and exergetic viewpoints. Moreover, the optimum working regions of the combined system are further specified by using a multi-objective function paying equal attention to both efficiency and power output. Results show that SHEs can be effectively acted as bottoming cycles for MHDCFC for additional mechanical power production. Numerical calculations indicate that the maximum power density and its corresponding energy efficiency and exergy efficiency of the proposed system are, respectively, about 97.6%, 97.1% and 99.2% greater than that of the single MHDCFC. Furthermore, extensive parametric studies show that increasing working temperature, volume ratio, hot-side working substance temperature or mean pressure is beneficial for the overall system performance, while increasing reactor compartment width may degrade the overall system performance.
This paper analyzes the adoption of an off-grid hybrid renewable energy system (HRES) for a high-rise building owned by a public institution in Nigeria. The analysis is based on the comparison between the use of a single criterion and multiple criteria in the selection of the most feasible energy system. The proposed HRES comprises of a wind turbine, diesel generator, photovoltaic (PV), and battery storage system. Hybrid optimization of multiple energy resources (HOMER) software was used to design the HRES for a case study (based on a single criterion-total net present cost), while Evaluation Based on Distance from Average Solution (EDAS) method was used to evaluate the effect of choosing an optimal system based on multiple criteria. Based on the simulations conducted with HOMER, eight feasible HRES (ES1-ES8) were identified. When the feasible HRES were ranked based on total (NPC), the optimal configuration comprises 70 kW PV modules, 20 kW diesel generating set, 40 kW converter, and 70, 3000 Ah batteries. The results obtained from the optimization process were subjected to a multi-criteria analysis based on sustainability principles. The ranking of the first two systems (ES1 and ES2) returned by single criterion (total NPC) remained the same, while changes were observed in the ranks of the remaining systems (ES3–ES8). This modular feasibility study shows that it would be economical to power the entire university using HRES. It is expected that this study would help the university communities and other stakeholders make informed decision during the planning stage of similar projects.
In order to promote the development of green buildings, this paper presents a technical, economic, and environmental evaluation of a residential building powered by hybrid intermittent generation systems in a mild humid subtropical climate zone in China. The technical, economic, and environmental mathematical models of hybrid systems are addressed. This study selected Guiyang city, which is a typical mild humid climate zone. The results revealed that the 30 kW grid-connected system for the building was the most economical with a net present cost of $ 28,041 and cost of energy of 0.069 $/kWh, whereas this was the least environmentally friendly form of power generation, emitting a maximum amount of CO2 of 26,609 kg/yr. From an economic and environmental perspective, grid/photovoltaic (PV)/wind hybrid systems in on-grid systems may be a better choice for supplying power to buildings in Guiyang. If the extension of the power grid is not feasible, off-grid PV/battery hybrid systems consisting of 115 kW PV units, 80 battery units, and a 30 kW power converter, are more suitable for supplying power to the building. Furthermore, the results indicated that wind power is not suitable for supplying power to buildings in Guiyang, mainly due to relatively low wind speeds.
