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Austropleospora ochracea (HMAS 248367, holotype). a, b. Ascomata on host substrate, c, d. Vertical sections of ascomata, e. Peridium, f. Pseudoparaphyses, g−j. Asci, k−n. Ascospores, o. Germinating ascospore, p. Culture on PDA from above. Scale bars: c, d = 100 μm, e = 10 μm, f = 4 μm, g−j = 20 μm, k−o = 5 μm.
Source publication
Austropleospora is a genus of Didymosphaeriaceae with only three extant species. A survey of saprobic ascomycetes in Guizhou Province, China, discovered a new Austropleospora species on dead twigs in a terrestrial habitat. The molecular phylogeny based on a combined SSU-LSU-tef1-ITS DNA sequence dataset confirmed the new species’ taxonomic position...
Citations
... The amplification of internal transcribed spacers (ITS), small subunit rDNA (SSU), large subunit rDNA (LSU), translation elongation factor 1-gene region (tef1) and RNA polymerase II second largest subunit (rpb2) was achieved using ITS5/ITS4, NS1/NS4, LR0R/LR5, EF1-938F/EF1-2218R and fRPB2-5f/fRPB2-7cr primers Vu et al. 2019;Wijesinghe et al. 2020;Dissanayake et al. 2021). The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the amplification of ITS, SSU, LSU, tef1 and rpb2 loci were performed using the Eppendorf Mastercycler nexus (SimpliAmp Thermal Cycler, A24811, SimpliAmp, China) gradient under the conditions specified in Table 1. ...
Pleosporales comprise a diverse group of fungi with a global distribution and significant ecological importance. A survey on Pleosporales (in Didymosphaeriaceae, Roussoellaceae and Nigrogranaceae) in Guizhou Province, China, was conducted. Specimens were identified, based on morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analyses using a dataset composed of ITS, LSU, SSU, tef 1 and rpb 2 loci. Maximum Likelihood (ML) and Bayesian analyses were performed. As a result, three new species ( Neokalmusia karka , Nigrograna schinifolium and N. trachycarpus ) have been discovered, along with two new records for China ( Roussoella neopustulans and R. doimaesalongensis ) and a known species ( Roussoella pseudohysterioides ). Morphologically similar species and phylogenetically close taxa are compared and discussed. This study provides detailed information and descriptions of all newly-identified taxa.
... Thus, sequence data representing 28 genera were used in the phylogenetic analyses. Phylogenetic trees resulting from ML and BI ( Figure 1) analyses have similar overall topologies compared to the trees illustrated in Dissanayake et al. [30], Jayasiri et al. [33], and Samarakoon et al. [34]. These results show that the KUMCC 21-0647 and KUMCC 21-0652 isolates formed a monophyletic clade independent from all others (Alloconiothyrium, Kalmusia, and Xenocamarosporium) ( (Figure 1), but they appear in a different branch, perhaps due to the lack of homologous SSU and tef 1-α sequences from the type collection. ...
... Ariyawansa et al. [37] transferred Austropleospora from Pleosporaceae to Didymosphaeriaceae, and four taxa are currently accepted [45]. Austropleospora osteospermi was introduced with both sexual and asexual morphs, but A. archidendri and A. keteleeriae were introduced with only their asexual morphs, while A. ochracea was introduced with only its sexual morph [30,33,64,92]. The Austropleospora species have been reported from Australia, China, Myanmar, and Thailand [28,30,33,64,92]. ...
... Austropleospora osteospermi was introduced with both sexual and asexual morphs, but A. archidendri and A. keteleeriae were introduced with only their asexual morphs, while A. ochracea was introduced with only its sexual morph [30,33,64,92]. The Austropleospora species have been reported from Australia, China, Myanmar, and Thailand [28,30,33,64,92]. The species in the genus are saprobic on Archidendron bigeminum, Leucaena sp., Keteleeria forturei, and pathogenic on stems of Chrysanthemoides monilifera [28,33]. ...
The Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS) is known as a diverse geographic landscape and one of the richest biodiversity hotspots in the world with a high fungal diversity. Collections were carried out in terrestrial habitats to determine the diversity of woody litter fungi in the GMS, with an emphasis on northern Thailand and the Yunnan Province of China. Morphological characteristics and multigene phylogenetic analyses of combined SSU, LSU, ITS, and tef1-α supported the placement of the new isolates in the family Didymosphaeriaceae. The phylogenetic affinities of our isolates are illustrated through maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference analyses. Seven species of woody litter fungi were identified, comprising a new monotypic genus, Septofusispora; five novel species (Chromolaenicola sapindi, Dictyoarthrinium thailandicum, Karstenula lancangensis, Septofusispora thailandica, and Spegazzinia jinghaensis); and new host records of two species (Austropleospora archidendri, and Montagnula donacina). Furthermore, this study provides a synopsis of the Montagnula aff. donacina species based on their morphological characteristics, which can be useful in the species-level identifications in this genus.
... The sexual morphs are characterized by immersed and ostiolate ascomata, filamentous and septate pseudoparaphyses, bitunicate, clavate to cylindrical asci, and ellipsoid, yellowish-brown ascospores. The asexual morph has coelomycetous, pycnidial, globose conidiomata, brown to reddish-brown conidiomata walls, and yellowish-brown globose to obovate conidia [51,62,63]. Species of this genus have been reported as pathogenic or saprotrophic in Australia, China, and Thailand [56,60,62,63]. ...
... The asexual morph has coelomycetous, pycnidial, globose conidiomata, brown to reddish-brown conidiomata walls, and yellowish-brown globose to obovate conidia [51,62,63]. Species of this genus have been reported as pathogenic or saprotrophic in Australia, China, and Thailand [56,60,62,63]. Austropleospora contains four epithets (three species) in Index Fungorum (2022) viz. A. archidendri, A. keteleeriae, A. ochracea, and A. osteospermi, while A. archidendri has been synonymized under Paraconiothyrium [62]. ...
... Morphologically, our strains well fit with the generic characteristics of Deniquelata [52,64]. An asexual morph of D. hypolithi was reported [65], while the sexual morph of D. yunnanensis can be distinguished from D. barringtoniae by the color of the ascospores, which are yellow to brown at maturity and have a distinct guttulate as well as 1-3 transverse septa and 0-2 longitudinal septa in each ascospore, while ascospores in D. barringtoniae are reddish-brown, with three transverse septa and 1−2 vertical septa in each ascospore [63]. Both of the phylogenetic analyses and morphological characteristics supported our species as a distinct new species in Deniquelata. ...
In Yunnan Province, the coffee-growing regions are mainly distributed in Pu’er and Xishuangbanna. During the surveys of microfungi associated with coffee in Yunnan Province, seven taxa were isolated from coffee samples. Based on molecular phylogenetic analyses of combined ITS, LSU, SSU, rpb2, and tef1-α sequence data and morphological characteristics, four new species viz. Deniquelata yunnanensis, Paraconiothyrium yunnanensis, Pseudocoleophoma puerensis, and Pse. Yunnanensis, and three new records viz. Austropleospora keteleeriae, Montagnula thailandica, and Xenocamarosporium acaciae in Pleosporales are introduced. In addition, Paracamarosporium fungicola was transferred back to Paraconiothyrium based on taxonomy and DNA sequences. Full descriptions, illustrations, and phylogenetic trees to show the placement of new and known taxa are provided. In addition, the morphological comparisons of new taxa with closely related taxa are given.
... Paraconiothyrium (Didymosphaeriaceae) was introduced by Munk (1953), and it is considered one of the most species-rich pleosporalean families (Hyde et al. 2013;Hongsanan et al. 2020;Dissanayake et al. 2021). The sexual morphs of Didymosphaeriaceae are characterized by uni-septate ascospores with trabeculate pseudoparaphyses , while asexual morphs are fusicladium-like or phoma-like (Hyde et al. 2013;Dissanayake et al. 2021). ...
... Paraconiothyrium (Didymosphaeriaceae) was introduced by Munk (1953), and it is considered one of the most species-rich pleosporalean families (Hyde et al. 2013;Hongsanan et al. 2020;Dissanayake et al. 2021). The sexual morphs of Didymosphaeriaceae are characterized by uni-septate ascospores with trabeculate pseudoparaphyses , while asexual morphs are fusicladium-like or phoma-like (Hyde et al. 2013;Dissanayake et al. 2021). Paraconiothyrium is an asexual genus introduced by Verkley et al. (2004) to accommodate four taxa, P. brasiliense, P. cyclothyrioides, P. fungicola, and P. estuarinum Phylogram generated from maximum likelihood analysis based on combined LSU, ITS, and SSU sequence data. ...
The global diversity of fungi has been estimated using several different approaches. There is somewhere between 2–11 million
estimated species, but the number of formally described taxa is around 150,000, a tiny fraction of the total. In this paper, we
examine 12 ascomycete genera as case studies to establish trends in fungal species descriptions, and introduce new species in
each genus. To highlight the importance of traditional morpho-molecular methods in publishing new species, we introduce
novel taxa in 12 genera that are considered to have low species discovery. We discuss whether the species are likely to be
rare or due to a lack of extensive sampling and classification. The genera are Apiospora, Bambusicola, Beltrania, Capronia,
Distoseptispora, Endocalyx, Neocatenulostroma, Neodeightonia, Paraconiothyrium, Peroneutypa, Phaeoacremonium and
Vanakripa. We discuss host-specificity in selected genera and compare the number of species epithets in each genus with
the number of ITS (barcode) sequences deposited in GenBank and UNITE. We furthermore discuss the relationship between
the divergence times of these genera with those of their hosts. We hypothesize whether there might be more species in these
genera and discuss hosts and habitats that should be investigated for novel species discovery.
Abstract
In the present study, Chromolaenicola specimens were collected from the dead stems of Bidens pilosa in northern Thailand and compared with other Chromolaenicola species. Maximum-likelihood and Bayesian analyses were conducted on a combined LSU, SSU, ITS, tef-1, and rpb2 data set. Morphological and phylogenetic analyses revealed three species, Chromolaenicola chiangraiensis (new host record), C. siamensis (new host record), and C. thailandensis (new host and asexual morph record), respectively. A preliminary screening demonstrated the ability of Chromolaenicola chiangraiensis, C. thailandensis, and C. siamensis to partially inhibit the growth of gram-positive bacteria (Bacillus subtilis). Here, the detailed morphology, illustrations, and potential antibacterial properties of Chromolaenicola species are described. The present research will add to the body of knowledge on Chromolaenicola by revealing its possible antibacterial properties.
This is the ninth in a series of Mycosphere notes wherein we provide notes on various fungal taxa in Dothideomycetes. In this set of notes, we focus on species associated with woody oil plants, which are important in terms of food security, ecology, agriculture and for industrial manufacturing. Eighty-five fungal taxa were identified in three orders (Muyocopronales, Pleosporales and Valsariales). Thirty-four species (belonging to 16 families) were identified in Pleosporales, one species was classified in Valsariales and one species was recognized in Muyocopronales. We introduce two new genera Oleaginea (Lophiostomataceae) and Neobrevicollum (Neohendersoniaceae) and 16 new Valsaria insitiva. Three new asexual/sexual morph connections were made for Acrocalymma pterocarpi, Austropleospora ochracea and Loculosulcatispora hongheensis. A morphological description of one known species, Nigrograna locuta-pollinis, is provided. All taxa are described and illustrated, and phylogenetic trees are presented to show their phylogenetic placements.
