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Aucula magnifica – last instar larvae head lateral view: 1-6) ocelli; an) antenna; gn) gena; MD1-MD3) microdorsal bristles; Mda) microdorsal pore; MG1) microgenal bristle; MGa) microgenal pore; P1-P2) posterior bristles; Pa-Pb) head posterior pores; S1-S3) Stematal Bristles; Sa- Sb) stematal posterior pores; SS1-SS3) substematal bristles; SSa) substematal pore ; A2-A3) anterior bristles; Aa) anterior pore; L1) lateral bristle; La) lateral pore; poc) postocciput ; pocs) postoccipital suture.
Source publication
Aiming to contribute to knowledge of the immature instars of Neotropical Lepidoptera, this study details the morphology of the egg and last instar larvae of Aucula magnifica (Schaus, 1904) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae: Agaristinae), emphasising the structures of the corium and the chaetotaxy. There is also a report of the occurrence of entomopathogenic...
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Citations
... The high variation in the number of eggs and egg masses per female and without covering its eggs with pubescence by N. platensis is characteristic of noctuids, such as Aucula franclemonti Todd &Poole, 1981 andAucula magnifica (Schaus, 1904) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in the laboratory on plants of Vitis labrusca L. (Vitaceae) in Bento Gonçalves, Rio Grande do Sul State (Poletto et al., 2010). The duration of the pupa stage of N. platensis was similar to that of other noctuid species, such as the velvet armyworm, Spodoptera cosmioides Walker, 1856 (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) fed with plants of P. oleracea in laboratory in Planaltina, Distrito Federal, Brazil (Specht and Roque-Specht, 2016). ...
The bioecology and infestation aspects of Neotuerta platensis Berg, 1882 (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on plants are poorly known. This insect fed on the leaves of common purslane, Portulaca oleracea L. (Portulacaceae) for two consecutive years, which triggered its study in the following five years in Januária, Minas Gerais State, Brazil. The objective of this work was to study the bioecology and infestation aspects of N. platensis on P. oleracea plants in the field and laboratory. The mean duration (± SD) of the egg, larva and pupa stages was 3.6 ± 0.89, 11.5 ± 2.81 and 10.7 ± 1.97 days, respectively. The mean numbers of egg masses and eggs per female (± SD) were 3.8 ± 1.16 and 891.6 ± 116.83, respectively. The percentage of infested plants was 59, 74, 0, 78 and 75% and the mean numbers of larvae per plant (± SD) ranged from 0.7 ± 0.45 to 1.6 ± 0.49 individuals, respectively from 2015 to 2019. Neotuerta platensis larvae infested P. oleracea plants in four out of five years evaluated.
... The period between the initial contact of M. rileyi with the host, the development of the infective process, and death of the insect is on average 6-8 days (for conidial germination Wasti and Hartmann (1978); 24: Puttler, Ignoffo, and Hostetter (1976); 25: Thorvilson, Pedigo, and Lewis (1985); 26: Chang and Fan (1991); 27: Mathew, Sandhu, and Rajak (1998);28: Hill, Cameron, Dugdale, Allan, and Walker (1987); 29: Behnke and Paschke (1966); 30: ; 31: Gudauskas and Canerday (1966); 32: Harper and Carner (1973); 33: Gupta (2003); 34: Holdom and van de Klashorst (1986); 35: Costa et al. (2015); 36: Ignoffo and Garcia (1985); 37: Poletto, Benedetti, Barros, Vargas, and Specht (2010); 38: Vimala Devi (1994); 39: Rao and Phadke (1977); 40: Phadke, Rao, and Pawar (1978); 41: Crumb (1929); 42: Hicks and Watt (2000); 43: Catley (1962); 44: Maniania and Fargues (1992). a Natural infection refers to occurrence in the field, indicating or not, a specific plant or culture. ...
Metarhizium rileyi is an entomopathogenic fungus of Lepidoptera and infects many noctuids, which are key pests of agricultural crops. In this literature review, we summarise the state of art and use of this potential biological pest control agent. Pathogen–host interactions include conidial adhesion, invasion process, and enzymatic activity. Environmental factors that impact the productivity associated with this fungus such as environment temperature, humidity, and availability of spores are discussed. Recent research has focused on enzymatic aspects related to pathogenicity, in which the cause is not fully elucidated yet. More than 60 known host species, mainly lepidopterans, are listed. Non-susceptible species, including predatory insects, are also presented. The difficulty of mass production and the formulation are the principal obstacles in use of M. rileyi. We summarise the challenges necessary to better utilise this agent in biocontrol and suggest novel research approaches, including the development of commercial and technically viable formulations.
