Table 3 - uploaded by Naji Arandi
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Objective
This study aims to estimate the prevalence of congenitally missing lateral incisors in a sample of 2662 dental patients in Palestine.
Methods
A total of 2662 digital panoramic radiographs were retrospectively examined for the presence of congenitally missing permanent lateral incisors. The radiographs were obtained from the archival reco...
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Citations
... The congenital missing permanent teeth, excluding third molars, affects 3-10% of individuals, or almost one in 10-12 of the population (1)(2)(3). Congenital maxillary lateral incisor missing (CMLIM) has an important place in this percentage; in fact, according to many studies, the maxillary lateral incisors represent the teeth most frequently missing congenitally following the third molars (4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9). In permanent dentition, congenitally missing two or one of the maxillary lateral incisors causes a discrepancy in the maxillary dentition and, consequently, in the mandibular dentition and presents serious aesthetic problems, especially in the anterior region (10). ...
Aim: The aim of the study was to compare the trabecular changes in alveolar bone structure after the treatment of congenital maxillary lateral incisor missing (CMLIM) with space-opening and -closure methods by fractal dimension (FD) analysis. Material and Methods: The study included 48 patients and three groups were formed: control (Group 1), space-opening (Group 2), and space-closure groups (Group 3). FD analysis was performed on panoramic images taken before (T0) and after (T1) treatment in the area of interest of trabecular alveolar bone determined in the distal apical region of the maxillary central incisor. For inter-group comparisons, the Kruskal-Wallis test was employed, while the Wilcoxon test was utilized for intra-group comparisons. The statistical significance was determined as p0.05). In Group 2, a significant decrease in FD values was observed during the T1 period compared to T0, whereas Group 3 showed a significant increase (p
... Partial hypodontia may be subdivided into oligodontia, the congenital absence of six or more teeth (third molars are not included), and hypodontia, the congenital absence of fewer than six teeth (third molars are not included). [4,5] Hypodontia is the most common form of tooth agenesis. [6,7] The prevalence of hypodontia varies between different ethnic groups, from 2.8% to 11.3%, depending on the population studied. ...
A BSTRACT
Objectives
This retrospective study aimed to determine the prevalence of congenitally missing mandibular second premolars.
Materials and Methods
A total of 1,843 radiographs were collected from five different cities in Palestine. Two experienced dentists independently examined the panoramic radiographs and demographic data (age and gender).
Results
Among the 1,843 radiographs, 1,039 were for females (57.37%) and 804 were for males (43.63%); 13 cases had at least one congenitally mandibular second premolar. The prevalence of congenitally missing mandibular second premolars in the study population was 0.7%. There was no significant association between gender and mandibular second premolar agenesis. Unilateral agenesis was more common than bilateral, and the left side had more cases of congenitally missing mandibular second premolars than the right side.
Conclusions
The prevalence of congenitally missing mandibular second premolars in this study population was 0.7%, within the range reported in other populations.
... Other genetic diseases like cleft lip and palate, Downs' syndrome, hypohidrotic dysplasia, ectodermal dysplasia, Witkop syndrome, holoprosencephaly, incontinentia pigmenti, Van der Woude syndrome, and Rieger syndrome would also lead to hypodontia. 7 Numerous studies have assessed the prevalence of congenitally missing teeth among different study populations, as follows. According to a systematic review and meta-analysis done by Khalaf et al., the highest prevalence of hypodontia was found in Africa (13.5%) followed by Europe (7%), Asia, and Australia (6.3%). ...
... This situation creates aesthetic, functional problems, and low self-confidence, especially in adolescents. 25 Implant application in the growth and development age is still a controversial issue. 26 The biggest concern in implant placement in children and young patients is tooth and skeletal development. ...
Coffin-Siris Syndrome (CSS) is a rare genetic disease with delayed growth, congenital anomalies, abnormal facial features, and mental retardation. Hypoplasia of the 5th fingers or nail agenesis, hirsutism, coarse facial appearance, thick eyebrows, wide lips and nose, dentofacial anomalies, and delayed eruption of teeth are clinically distinctive features. Specific findings and multidisciplinary approac-hes are important for dental treatments. This case report includes the clinical, oral findings, and dental treatments of the patient with CSS. A 15.5-year-old female patient consulted our clinic with the complaint of tooth sensitivity and missing teeth. The patient's family was informed that the patient has CSS. In clinical examination, coarse face, mental retardation, hypoplastic 5th fingers, wide mouth, and lips, sparse hair, and hirsutism, in the oral examination, poor oral hygiene, dental caries, delayed dentition, lack of upper perma-nent first incisor, gingival hyperplasia, gingivitis, and hypoplasia were seen. Panoramic radiography and tomography revealed that the upper permanent incisor and supernumerary canine teeth were impacted. Under general anesthesia, dental scaling, fillings were made, impacted permanent incisors, canine, and lower left third molars were extracted. After general anesthesia, fluoride application and a fiber-supported Maryland bridge designed from the patient's teeth were applied to the anterior region. Regular controls of the patient continue. After the growth and development, the oral surgery department will be consulted for implant application. In den-tistry, preventive applications, oral hygiene motivation, pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments are important for CSS patients. After consultation with relevant departments, multidisciplinary approaches and appropriate treatments increase the quality of life.
... Preserving the alveolar bone is crucial to minimize the need for complex reconstructive surgeries [2]. However, in cases such as congenitally missing teeth or cleft patients, immediate dental implant placement is often delayed due to ongoing skeletal growth or deteriorating bone grafts, making it challenging to replace missing teeth, particularly the lateral incisors [3]. Therefore, ridge preservation after tooth extraction is essential for successful dental implant placement, especially in cases where immediate placement is not possible due to remaining skeletal growth, cleft patients, the patient's systemic condition, or the patient's financial situation. ...
The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of mini-screw placement on the alveolar ridge using a split-mouth design. Twelve beagles underwent bilateral extraction of their lateral teeth. In the immediate group, a mini-screw was unilaterally placed approximately 3–4 mm below the alveolar crest of the extraction site on the experimental side. The delayed group received mini-screws six weeks after tooth extraction. On average, the dogs were sacrificed after 11 weeks, and the maxillary bones were excised and scanned using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Histopathological examinations were conducted to assess inflammation and bone formation scores. The results showed that in the immediate group, bone height was significantly greater on the intervention side compared to the control side (p < 0.05), whereas there was no significant difference in the delayed group. In both groups, there was a significant increase in bone density around the mini-screws compared to the control sides (p < 0.05). Mini-screw insertion led to a significant enhancement of bone growth in both groups (p < 0.05), with no notable differences between the two groups. The mini-screws did not have any impact on bone inflammation or width. Overall, both immediate and delayed mini-screw placement in the extraction socket positively influenced bone dimensions, density, and histological properties. However, immediate insertion was more effective than delayed placement in preserving vertical bone height, despite delayed insertion resulting in higher bone density.
... The permanent maxillary lateral incisor is the most common missing tooth (not including the third molars) (Fauzi et al., 2019;Mani et al., 2014;Nik-Hussein, 1989;Shakirah Said et al., 2017) and can contribute to malocclusion (Caterini et al., 2017). Two-thirds of the missing maxillary lateral incisor were unilateral, while the remaining one-third were bilateral (Arandi & Mustafa, 2018). A study on the Malaysian population found that more missing teeth observed at the maxilla and on the right side (Fauzi et al., 2019), although there was another study found that missing permanent maxillary lateral incisor were more commonly occurred on the left side (Arandi & Mustafa, 2018). ...
... Two-thirds of the missing maxillary lateral incisor were unilateral, while the remaining one-third were bilateral (Arandi & Mustafa, 2018). A study on the Malaysian population found that more missing teeth observed at the maxilla and on the right side (Fauzi et al., 2019), although there was another study found that missing permanent maxillary lateral incisor were more commonly occurred on the left side (Arandi & Mustafa, 2018). was 3.77% (Sahoo et al., 2019;Swarnalatha et al., 2020). ...
... Meanwhile, the prevalence of missing permanent maxillary lateral incisor among hypodontia orthodontic patients were 26.5% (Acev & Gjorgova, 2014), 19.8% (Kim, 2011), and 17.8% (Gracco et al., 2017;Zakaria et al., 2021). However, the prevalence of missing permanent maxillary lateral incisor was found to be lower among non-orthodontic populations; 1.91% (Arandi & Mustafa, 2018), and 2.56% (Musaed et al., 2019). ...
This was a cross-sectional study of the prevalence and orthodontic management of developmental missing permanent maxillary lateral incisor of patients referred for orthodontic treatment from year 2010 to 2020. The dental records of written case notes, radiographs, and study models that fulfilled the inclusion criteria were selected using systematic sampling and were assessed retrospectively. Sample were taken from every five dental records. Dental records that did not fulfil the inclusion criteria were substituted. Data taken were the demographic data, side of the missing maxillary lateral incisor, and the orthodontic management. All variables were analysed descriptively. The differences between orthodontic open space and orthodontic close space with respect of unilateral and bilateral missing permanent maxillary lateral incisor were tested using Fisher’s exact test. From the total of 291 samples, there were 11 (3.78%) patients presented with missing permanent maxillary lateral incisor. The mean age of the patients was 17.46 ± 1.52 years. All 11 patients were females. There were six (54.55%) patients presented with bilateral missing permanent maxillary lateral incisor, while five (45.45%) were unilateral. From the unilateral group, there were three (27.27%) patients presented with right side missing permanent maxillary lateral incisor. Six (54.55%) patients were treated with orthodontic open space, while five (45.45%) patients were treated with orthodontic close space. In conclusion, the prevalence of missing permanent maxillary lateral incisor was 3.78%. All patients were females. More patients presented with bilateral missing permanent maxillary lateral incisor. The treatments provided were orthodontic open space and orthodontic close space.
... Its occurrence can vary among different ethnic groups. This condition can be unilateral or bilateral and may occur either on its own or as part of a genetic disorder [5]. ...
Introduction:
Management of missing maxillary lateral incisors can be a challenging endeavour for dentists. Whether from agenesis or tooth loss, several treatment modalities are currently present to tackle this task to ensure satisfactory aesthetics. Most patients, especially younger patients are more likely to prefer fixed prosthodontic rehabilitation. Among these options is the computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing polymethyl methacrylate (CAD/CAM PMMA) cantilever bridge. Case Descriptions. These two clinical cases describe the management of missing lateral maxillary incisors in two Tunisian female patients with different etiologies, using CAD/CAM PMMA cantilever bridge.
Conclusions:
CAD/CAM technologies allow for a fairly quick and simple try-in thanks to their high accuracy as well as being predictable, minimally invasive, and affordable treatment options. This type of restoration can be put to use for mid- to long-term solutions to missing maxillary lateral incisors. However, its success depends mainly on patient selection regarding age, general health, occlusal context, and proper indication.
... Finally, the normal spacing of teeth is used to help differentiate between tooth loss and congenital absence. In cases of tooth agenesis, nearby teeth frequently drift mesially to partly fill in the resulting gap (Arandi and Mustafa 2018), justifying the inclusion of regular spacing in ablation studies (e.g., Lee 2017; Pietrusewsky and Douglas 1993;Tayles 1996). Though multiple studies discuss patterns in ablation, and we discuss it below, our methodological focus here is on the characteristics of ablation itself. ...
Intentionally modified teeth provide a durable record of past identities, but their identification in archaeological samples has been inconsistent. This study assesses common diagnostic criteria for identifying intentional dental ablation by testing for false-positive cases of ablation in a control group of non-human primates where no true cases of dental ablation are expected. The primary author observed the dentition of 849 non-human primates from the National Museum of Natural History’s Division of Mammals, including great apes, lesser apes, and relatively large-bodied, Old-World monkeys. A smaller sample was selected for further study based on antemortem tooth absence and collection history. Seven different methodologies using combinations of six diagnostic criteria for the identification of dental ablation were chosen from a sample of published studies. To determine which criteria combinations may have falsely identified dental ablation in these specimens were, the non-human primate control group was analyzed based on anterior tooth loss, lack of disease, symmetry of loss, full healing of the alveolus, lack of evidence for trauma, and normal tooth spacing. All scoring methodologies produced false-positive results, many diverging significantly from expected results. Dental ablation was falsely identified in 2–17% of the non-human primate control group, with the highest false-positive rates when symmetry or normal spacing were not included as discriminating criteria. This work demonstrates the necessity for thorough and descriptive methodologies for replicability to be possible. It also highlights the importance of symmetry and tooth spacing as diagnostic criteria to avoid false positives. Dientes con modificaciones intencionales dan un registro duradero de identidades pasadas, pero su identificación en especímenes arqueológicos ha sido inconsistente. Esta investigación evalúa los criterios de diagnóstico comunes para identificar la ablación dental intencional por medio de la prueba de casos de falsos positivos de ablación en un grupo de control de primates no humanos, donde no se esperan casos verdaderos de ablación dental. El autor principal observó la dentición de 849 primates no humanos de la División de Mamíferos del Museo Nacional de Historia Natural, incluso los grandes simios, los simios menores y los monos del Viejo Mundo de cuerpo relativamente grande. Se seleccionó una muestra para un análisis más profundo basado en la ausencia de dientes antemortem y la historia del espécimen. De una muestra de once investigaciones publicada, se eligieron siete metodologías diferentes que utilizan combinaciones de seis criterios de diagnóstico para la identificación de la ablación dental. Para determinar qué combinaciones de criterios pueden haber identificado falsamente la ablación dental en estos especímenes si fueran humanos, se analizó el grupo de control de primates no humanos en función de la pérdida de dientes anteriores, la falta de enfermedad, la simetría de la ausencia de dientes, la curación completa del hueso alveolar, la falta de evidencia para traumatismos y el espacio normal entre los dientes. Todos los métodos de análisis produjeron resultados falsos positivos, muchos de los Dientes con modificaciones intencionales dan un registro duradero de identidades pasadas, pero su identificación en especímenes arqueológicos ha sido inconsistente. Esta investigación evalúa los criterios de diagnóstico comunes para identificar la ablación dental intencional por medio de la prueba de casos de falsos positivos de ablación en un grupo de control de primates no humanos, donde no se esperan casos verdaderos de ablación dental. El autor principal observó la dentición de 849 primates no humanos de la División de Mamíferos del Museo Nacional de Historia Natural, incluso los grandes simios, los simios menores y los monos del Viejo Mundo de cuerpo relativamente grande. Se seleccionó una muestra para un análisis más profundo basado en la ausencia de dientes antemortem y la historia del espécimen. De una muestra de once investigaciones publicada, se eligieron siete metodologías diferentes que utilizan combinaciones de seis criterios de diagnóstico para la identificación de la ablación dental. Para determinar qué combinaciones de criterios pueden haber identificado falsamente la ablación dental en estos especímenes si fueran humanos, se analizó el grupo de control de primates no humanos en función de la pérdida de dientes anteriores, la falta de enfermedad, la simetría de la ausencia de dientes, la curación completa del hueso alveolar, la falta de evidencia para traumatismos y el espacio normal entre los dientes. Todos los métodos de análisis produjeron resultados falsos positivos, muchos de los 2–17% del grupo de control de primates no humanos, con las tasas más altas de falsos positivos cuando la simetría o el espacio normal no se incluyeron como criterios de discriminación. Este trabajo demuestra la necesidad de metodologías exhaustivas y descriptivas para la replicabilidad. También ilumina la importancia de la simetría y el espacio entre dientes como criterios diagnósticos para evitar falsos positivos.
... In addition, there seems to be a difference in the pattern of lateral incisor agenesis on the right and left sides. Studies have reported that the prevalence and pattern of right or left lateral incisor agenesis vary by race and ethnicity [30][31][32]. Individuals with unilateral lateral incisor agenesis had smaller teeth in the missing sides than teeth in the nonmissing sides, and smaller teeth than individuals without tooth agenesis [33,34]. ...
Background
Sex dimorphism has been implicated in oral health differences and the pathogenesis of oral diseases, such as tooth agenesis, periodontal disease, dental caries, and tooth loss. Tooth agenesis (TA) is one of the most common developmental anomalies in humans, and its prevalence and patterns are different across ethnic groups. The aim of this study was to investigate the phenotypes and sex-associated patterns of nonsyndromic tooth agenesis (TA) in Thai dental patients.
Methods
One thousand ninety panoramic radiographs were examined. One hundred and one subjects (37 males, 64 females, 15–20 years-old) with nonsyndromic TA were evaluated. Differences in TA prevalence between groups were analyzed using the chi-square or Fisher exact test.
Results
The TA prevalence, excluding third molars, was 9.3% and more frequently found in the mandible compared with the maxilla. The maxilla demonstrated a higher prevalence of first premolar agenesis than the mandible ( P = 0.012), while the mandible had a higher prevalence of second premolar agenesis than the maxilla ( P = 0.031). There were significantly more males missing one tooth than females, however, there were more females missing two or more teeth than males ( P = 0.042). A missing maxillary left lateral incisor was significantly more frequent in males ( P = 0.019), while a missing mandibular right lateral incisor was more frequent in females ( P = 0.025). In females, the pattern of two mandibular lateral incisors agenesis was the most common and significantly present in females more than males ( P = 0.015). In contrast, the pattern of one mandibular left lateral incisor agenesis was only observed in males and significantly found in males more than females ( P = 0.047).
Conclusions
We demonstrate sex-associated differences in nonsyndromic tooth agenesis. The prevalence of single tooth agenesis was higher in males, while that of two or more teeth agenesis was higher in females. We found different patterns of lateral incisor agenesis between males and females.
... In maxillary lateral incisor agenesis, Bassiouny et al. [11] reported that 4.9% of an orthodontic group were affected. Other studies performed on different population samples found lower prevalence values of between 1.15% and 2.4% [12][13][14], while a study of twins reported a prevalence of 2.5% [15]. Bilateral agenesis of upper lateral incisors appears to be more common in some populations than unilateral agenesis [3], while other populations show a higher prevalence of unilateral cases [12,13]. ...
... Other studies performed on different population samples found lower prevalence values of between 1.15% and 2.4% [12][13][14], while a study of twins reported a prevalence of 2.5% [15]. Bilateral agenesis of upper lateral incisors appears to be more common in some populations than unilateral agenesis [3], while other populations show a higher prevalence of unilateral cases [12,13]. Hypodontia of maxillary lateral incisors can be present alone, as a mild form of hypodontia (one or two missing teeth), or associated with missing premolars, in moderate forms of hypodontia (three to five missing teeth) or as part of many missing teeth, including molars, in severe forms of hypodontia (six or more missing teeth) [16,17]. ...
(1) Background: Hypodontia has a multifactorial aetiology, in which genetic factors are a major component. Associated with this congenital absence, the formed teeth may show differences in size and shape, which may vary with the specific genetic variants and with the location of the missing teeth. The aims of the present study were to investigate a specific variant of MSX1, derive morphometric tooth measurements in a sample of patients with isolated maxillary lateral incisor agenesis and matched controls, and model the findings. (2) Methods: Genotyping of the MSX1 rs8670 genetic variant and morphometric measurements with a 2D image analysis method were performed for 26 hypodontia patients and 26 matched controls. (3) Results: The risk of upper lateral incisor agenesis was 6.9 times higher when the T allele was present. The morphometric parameters showed significant differences between hypodontia patients and controls and between the unilateral and bilateral agenesis cases. The most affected crown dimension in the hypodontia patients was the bucco-lingual dimension. In crown shape there was significant variation the Carabelli trait in upper first molars. (4) Conclusions: The MSX1 rs8670 variant was associated with variations in morphological outcomes. The new findings for compensatory interactions between the maxillary incisors indicate that epigenetic and environmental factors interact with this genetic variant. A single-level directional complex interactive network model incorporates the variations seen in this study.
