Artists (Matt Pickett) rendition of tensegrity of the cytoskeleton, we hypothesize is altered by orthodontic force. Source: The laboratory of Dr. Donald Ingber, Harvard University. 

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... extraction of deciduous canines) did not occur. What is even more interesting is the speculation that the PAOO TM protocol as, reviewed in this paper, has the potential to create a morphotype which is not necessarily a return to original develop- mental ”intent,” but rather one which is created de novo. In such a case, one would employ PAOO TM to Fig. 14 The amount of stable bone created with the PAOO TM is not insignificant. Certainly this 4 mm thickness of labial cortex can withstand expansion and still maintain its structural integrity without dehiscence or fenestration. The stability of the some orthodontic clinical treatment outcomes may be related in part to alveolar cortical ...

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... as the surgeon resurrects the normal and original phenotype in the cleft palate patient, 79 the periodontist and orthodontist together may help reesta- blish original alveolar phenotype through coordinated orthodontic stress and induced bone growth. One can reasonably conjecture that facial contours through serial PAOO TM procedures may even supplant some plastic or orthognathic surgical alternatives that are contraindi- cated by professional parameters, clinical parameters, or foreclosed by patient preference (Figs.14, 15). ...