Table 4 - uploaded by Iwan Rudiarto
Content may be subject to copyright.
Context in source publication
Context 1
... is the quintessential GIS operation that seems to define a GIS (Albrecht, 2007 1991 and 2001 were processed to identify the change within a 10 years period continued by 1991 and 2006 for a 15 years period and finally, land use 2001 and 2006 were overlaid to know 5 years development of land use in the study area. Figure 6 shows the land use map for three different periods and the total area of each land use is shown in Table 4 and Table 5. The As shown in Table 5, forest area has been reduced to 42.78% from 1991 to 2001 and 72.10% from 1991 to 2006 and during five years of development from 2001 to 2006, forest area has been degraded to 51.23%. ...
Similar publications
Os processos de erosão por sulcos ou ravinas contribuem, de forma efetiva, para perda e degradação do solo, em particular em ambientes Mediterrâneos. O conhecimento dos fatores de instalação e desenvolvimento é importante para a eficácia das estratégias e medidas de proteção do solo. Neste trabalho, pretende-se identificar os principais fatores ass...
Abstract
Simulating rainfall is one of the valuable methods of measuring hydrological and soil erosion processes. Rapid evaluation, high repeatability and low cost are the benefits of using rain simulator. In this study, a rain simulator was constructed in dimensions of 3.0×3.0×3.0 meters and it was protected on three sides by a plastic cover. An i...
This study assessed the level of awareness of climate change and its perceived impacts and adaptation methods among peasant farmers in a forest-savanna transition zone of Nigeria. Using a multi-stage sampling technique, 162 households were selected from five communities in Odo-Otin local government area of Osun State, Nigeria for questionnaire surv...
Citations
... The impact of the high soil erosion in Indonesia has been reported elsewhere in Jakarta [5]; Dieng, Central Java [6]; and Lake Limboto, Gorontalo Province [7]. The latter is a notable example, due to the rapid shrinkage of Lake Limboto in Gorontalo Province caused by approximately 3.3 million cubic meters of eroded sediments from 23 inlet rivers being deposited into the lake over 14 years [8]. ...
Rainfall-induced soil erosion is a significant environmental issue that can lead to soil degradation and loss of vegetation. The estimated global annual loss increased by 2.5% over 11 years, from 35 billion tons in 2001 to 35.9 billion tons in 2012, mainly due to spatial changes. Indonesia is predicted to be among the largest and most intensively eroded regions among countries with higher soil erosion, regarded as hot-spots higher than 20 Mg yr−1 ha−1. Due to climate change, natural rainfall patterns in the tropical regions have been subject to change, with a lower number of rainy days and increased intensity of precipitation. Such changes trigger more soil erosion due to heavier rainfall kicking up dried soil particles that are exposed in the bare embankments. Unfortunately, there is no prevention available in developing countries due to the lack of availability and high prices of mitigation techniques such as terraces and covering areas with geotextiles or blankets. Erosion control blankets (ECBs) have emerged as a potential solution to mitigate soil erosion. This research article aims to evaluate the effectiveness of sugar-palm-fiber-based ECB in reducing soil erosion caused by natural rainfall. The study investigates the effectiveness of sugar-palm-based ECB in protecting against erosion at the designated embankment. During the three months of typical rainy seasons (February to April 2023), total eroded mass (kg) was collected and measured from two adjacent microplots (10 m2 each), one covered with ECB and the other one left as uncovered soil (bare soil). The results indicate that eroded mass is proportional to rainfall, with coefficients of 0.4 and 0.04 for bare soil and ECB-covered embankments, respectively. The total soil loss recorded during the monitoring period was 154.6 kg and 16.7 kg for bare and ECB-covered soil, respectively. The significantly high efficiency of the up to 90% reduction in soil losses was achieved by covering the slope with sugar-palm-fiber-based ECB. The reason for this may be attributed to the intrinsic surface properties of sugar palm fiber ropes and the soil characteristics of the plot area. Sugar palm (Arenga pinnata) fiber has higher lignocellulosic contents that produce a perfect combination of strong mechanical properties (higher tensile strength and young modulus) and a higher resistance to weathering processes. Although the cost of production of handmade sugar-palm-fiber-based ECB is now as high as 4 EUR, further reductions in cost production can be achieved by introducing machinery. Compared to typical ECBs which have smaller openings, sugar-palm-based ECB has larger openings that allow for vegetation to grow and provide it with a lower density. As such, we recommend improvements in the quality of palm-fiber-based ECB via the introduction of further automation in the production process, so that the price can be reduced in line with other commercially available natural fibers such as jute and coir.
... This problem is particularly prevalent in horticultural farmland on the mountainside, threatening agricultural sustainability [9,10]. According to [11], various land degradation problems on mountainsides are caused by inadequate agricultural conservation practices. This is evident in potato farming in the mountainside area, which has led to land degradation due to soil erosion 18 times greater than cereal land [12]. ...
Land degradation in mountainside areas is a serious threat that requires conservation actions, and the role of millennial farmers in this issue is crucial for future agricultural land sustainability. The perception of degraded land condition (LC) and the risk of farming due to ongoing agricultural land degradation (RISK) are suspected to be able to drive the intention to make conservation efforts. Based on the norm activation model, this study aims to analyze the influence of millennial farmers’ perceptions on the condition of degraded agricultural land and the risk of land degradation on their intention to perform conservation-based potato farming (CBPF). This study involved 169 millennial potato farmers on the western slope of Mount Slamet, Central Java, Indonesia. Data were collected using a cross-sectional survey from January to March 2022. The hypothesis was tested using structural equation modeling. The results showed that more than 90% of respondents stated that agricultural land had been degraded. The risk and personal norms (PN) have a significant effect on the intention of CPBF (β = 0.144, β = 0.505; p-value <0.01), respectively. Unexpectedly, LC did not directly affect the intention to practice CPBF (β = 0.076, p-value = 0.159). This study provides insight into understanding the behavioral intentions of agricultural land conservation, especially millennial farmers’ perceptions of land degradation in their farming areas. To encourage the millennial farmers’ agricultural land conservation intentions, it should be started by increasing the awareness of farmers’ PN since they only pay little attention to degraded LC.
... Rudianto's research in the Dieng Plateau region of Central Java, Indonesia, has also demonstrated this. Converting forest land into agricultural or shrubland areas is associated with an increased risk of soil loss, as evidenced by the analysis of soil loss estimates [77]. A study by [78] found that vegetation had the most signifcant infuence on soil erosion. ...
The application of remote sensing data has been significant in modeling soil erosion. However, previous studies have fallen short in elucidating and lacked an understanding of the multifactor influencing erosion. This study addresses these limitations by employing the InVEST and the Geodetector models. Specifically, it aims (1) to delineate both spatial and temporal variations in soil erosion within the Citarum watershed from 2010 to 2020, (2) to identify the key drivers of soil erosion and unravel the underlying mechanisms, and (3) to identify the high-risk zones for soil erosion. Both models consider a range of natural predictors, including topography (slope factor), climate (precipitation factor), and vegetation cover (vegetation factor). In addition, they incorporate social parameters such as income per capita and population density, which interact with the watershed’s position in the downstream, middle, and upper streams. The results reveal that, over a decade, the average soil erosion increased by 15.50 × 106 tons, marking a 16.65% surge. The impact of factors varies significantly across different subwatershed areas. For example, fraction vegetation cover interactions influence upper- and middle-stream regions, while the downstream area is notably affected by precipitation interactions. The high-risk erosion areas in the watershed are primarily influenced by slope, precipitation, and fractional vegetation cover. In these areas, factors causing high erosion risks include slope, precipitation, and other environmental variables categorized into strata. The study highlights the varying influential factors in different watershed areas.
... Mayoritas petani Dataran Tinggi Dieng menanami lahannya dengan tanaman kentang, mengingat permintaan pasar yang tinggi dan harga yang relatif tinggi dibandingkan komoditas lain. Selain itu, tanaman kentang dianggap lebih mampu mendukung pendapatan petani karena waktu tanam yang relatif singkat, dapat tumbuh disegala musim dan umbi yang tahan lama (Rudiarto & Doppler, 2013). ...
Dataran Tinggi Dieng terletak di Kecamatan Kejajar Kabupaten Wonosobo memiliki produksi pertanian kentang yang tinggi. Namun kondisi tersebut tidak lantas membuat masyarakat Kecamatan Kejajar dalam keadaan ekonomi yang baik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kesejahteraan masyarakat petani Dataran Tinggi Dieng menggunakan pendekatan penghidupan berkelanjutan. Pendekatan penelitian yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kuantitatif didukung dengan metode analisis deskriptif. Pengambilan data dilakukan menggunakan kuisioner dengan menggunakan teknik simple random sampling kepada 67 rumah tangga petani. Lima aset penghidupan berkelanjutan menjadi variabel dalam penelitian ini diantaranya adalah aset manusia, finansial, sosial, fisik dan alam. Kelima variabel tersebut memiliki indikator yang mewakili kesejahteraan masyarakat petani. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa kesejahteraan masyarakat petani Dataran Tinggi Dieng dalam kategori sedang (10,31). Aset yang berpengaruh dalam kesejahteraan masyarakat petani Dataran Tinggi Dieng adalah aset sosial diikuti aset fisik, aset manusia, aset alam dan aset finansial. Dari hasil penelitian yang didapatkan, diperlukan upaya lebih lanjut untuk penguatan aset fisik, manusia, alam dan finansial agar kehidupan masyarakat petani Dataran Tinggi Dieng lebih sejahtera dan terlindungi dari kemiskinan dan kerentanan.
... Therefore, these materials can infiltrate bodies of water. As the consequences of deforestation, like lack of biodiversity or added chemicals for better oil palm growth, pollute the soil, rivers can get clogged up or polluted (Rudiarto & Doppler, 2013). ...
... These bodies of water are an important source for humans and animals living near them (Rudiarto & Doppler, 2013). Thus, their pollution directly affects the livelihood and health of the living beings depending on it. ...
Palm oil is the most important vegetable worldwide. It is a very efficient crop, relevant to the Indonesian economy and its workers but also to all companies and consumers involved with its derivative products. However, the production of palm oil has major negative implications. It is the main reason for deforestation in Indonesia, leading to various issues. Deforestation leads to many environmental issues, such as loss of biodiversity and animal extinction due to land clearance; contribution to climate change as it leads to fewer forests being able to convert CO2; an increase in pollution by, for instance forest fires; and erosion. In addition, several cases of exploitation, forced labor, and child labor have been uncovered. However, palm oil is a not substitutional crop, due to its versatility, high yields, and unique characteristics. Key stakeholders largely rely on the production of palm oil; however, they also want to abolish the negative impacts. Therefore, it is relevant to change the production process to be more sustainable. To reach this goal, many initiatives by different stakeholders have been launched. NGOs, especially the Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil, growing Corporate Social Responsibility as well as government action plans, laws and regulations are influencing factors that successfully make Indonesian palm oil production more sustainable.
... However, this only occurred in the 0%-45% slope gradients as the extremely steep slope level (>45%) showed the lowest estimated soil erosion average, as shown in Table 5. One study showed a positive correlation between the soil erosion average and slope gradient, i.e., the steeper the slope, the higher the estimated soil erosion average [44]. Runoff affected by tillage management may increase soil erosion on longer and steeper slopes [45]. ...
An extreme landscape is a spatially heterogeneous area with unusual topography that is prone to natural disasters but still exhibits interrelated structures and functions. One of the important functions of an extreme landscape is its ecological function. This study aimed to determine the structure and reveal the ecological functions of an extreme landscape in a tropical region of West Java, with special reference to Rongga Sub-district. The method used was a combination of remote sensing techniques and geographic information systems, which were required to process, analyze, and interpret Landsat 8 OLI/TIRS data. The landscape structure was quantified by landscape metrics, after which an analysis of ecological functions was carried out based on the constituent elements of the landscape. The results showed that the landscape structure of Rongga Sub-district consists of various elements of agroforestry land, open fields, settlements, shrubs, plantations, and rainfed and irrigated rice fields. Additionally, secondary forest land acted as a landscape matrix where rivers crossed as natural corridors. The amount of each element varied; agroforestry land had the highest value, indicating that this element showed a high degree of human intervention. Each patch was adjacent to other patch types, and the landscape diversity was quite high. The extreme topography of Rongga Sub-district supports the landscape connectivity and consequently the presence of wild animals in this area. Therefore, Rongga Sub-district has an essential ecological function as a refuge for protected animals living in non-conservation areas.
... These can indicate that critical land can become a dangerous warning to the upland areas in the Prambanan District. The RUSLE (Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation) equation is a mathematical model that is widely used to estimate the amount of soil loss due to erosion [11]. The result of the RUSLE erosion model is an estimate of the amount of soil lost over one year in tons per hectare (tons/ha/year). ...
... The RUSLE equation model is widely used to determine the weight of soil loss or estimate the rate of erosion. According to Renard et al., (1997) RUSLE equation can be described as follows [11]; A=R⁎K⁎L⁎S⁎C⁎P; where; A (total amount of erosion/estimated soil erosion) is the weight of soil lost per hectare for a certain period of time. R (soil erosivity factor) is defined as the ability of rain to cause erosion, the impact of which is determined by the duration, number, and size of raindrops falling to the soil. ...
Prambanan District which located in Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta Province has the potential for land degradation due to erosion processes. With the characteristics of annual rainfall more than 2000 mm / year, topography with a slope of more than 20% in upland areas, as well as the conversion of upland to dryland agriculture are factors that can trigger the erosion process more quickly. If the rate of erosion speed exceeds the ability of the soil to regenerate the soil body, its productivity will be disrupted and accelerate the formation of critical soil. Therefore, it is necessary to know the estimated rate of erosion, tolerable distribution of erosion, and the potential danger of erosion that occurs. The purpose of this study was to (1) predict the rate of erosion, (2) calculate the permissible erosion value, (3) identify the rate & index of erosion hazard. Data were collected using field surveys and soil sampling using stratified random sampling techniques with land units as the unit of analysis. The value of erosion was predicted using the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) method. The RUSLE method is described by the following equation, A=R * K * L * S * C * P, where; A as estimated averages annual loss of soil, R is the rainfall erosivity factor, K is the soil erodibility factor, LS is the slope length factor, C is the cover management factor, & P is the conservation practice factor. The results showed that the erosion value ranged from 0.39 - 268.55 tons/ha/year. Permissible erosion ranges from 8.4 – 15 tons/ha/year for Latosol and 27.4 ton/ha/year for Regosol. The Rate of Erosion Hazard is dominated by moderate erosion, covering an area of 1330.7 ha or 31.8% of the total area. The Erosion Hazard Index is dominated by the low class (<1.0) which is covered over 2703.1 ha or 64.61% of the total area.
... Meningkatnya jumlah populasi masyarakat mengakibatkan kebutuhan lahan di Indonesia juga meningkat, hal tersebut yang mengakibatkan tingginya konversi lahan. Di perkotaan dataran rendah, konversi lahan kebanyakan berubah menjadi permukiman untuk tempat tinggal, namun berbeda dengan daerah pegunungan pedesaan banyak perubahan guna lahan dari tahun ke tahun untuk perluasan aktifitas pertanian, seperti perubahan guna lahan dari vegetasi menjadi tanah pertanian (Rudiarto et al. 2013). Adanya peningkatan kebutuhan manusia mendorong untuk melakukan kegiatan pertanian maupun perkebunan yang lebih maksimal. ...
... Meningkatnya aktivitas pertanian mengakibatkan masyarakat memperluas lahan pertaniannya secara terus-menerus bahkan hingga melakukan konversi lahan. Konversi lahan dari lahan hutan menjadi lahan pertanian dan didukung dengan sistem pertanian yang tidak ramah lingkungan seperti penggunaan bahan kimia mendukung terjadinya degradasi lahan (Rudiarto et al. 2013). Meningkatnya aktivitas pertanian merupakan suatu hal yang kompleks karena menjadi salah satu kunci dari perubahan lingkungan dan sosial ekonomi, di satu sisi meningkatkan ketersediaan pangan dan menstimulan pengembangan ekonomi namun di sisi lain membutuhkan jasa lingkungan yang tinggi (Foley et al. 2011). ...
Land degradation is a phenomena of the decreasing in land use function, potential use and irreplaceable organism. Many causes result in land degradation such as soil erosion, rain erosion which are all accelerated by human activities example agricultural activity. Increased agricultural activity is caused by an increase in population and also increasing food needs. Land exploitation for agricultural activities result in land degradation such as planting on conservation areas that cause erosion. Kledung Sub-district is one of the regions that practices massive agricultural land use and plants in a conservation land. Practices in Kledung Sub-district have caused floods and soil erosion in Kledung Sub-district in the last few years. The purpose of this study was to determine the level of land degradation that occurred in Kledung Sub-district and its implications for the land use planning to increase awareness of various parties about the dangers of land degradation. This research was conducted primarily by observation and secondary b examining documents about the indicators causing land degradation and conducting descriptive and quantitative analyzes. The quantitative analyze is using RUSLE (Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation). The analysis shows that the majority of erosion according to the Ministry of Forestry is moderate (>60-80 tons/ha/yr) covering1.231,01 Ha and according to Hammer which is very high (>100 tons/ha/yr) covering 469,62 Ha or 12,7% of the total area of Kledung Sub-district with a high level of erosion hazard it is necessary to evaluate the land use planning of Kledung Sub-district so that it can adjust the land use planning and the erosion hazard level in Kledung Sub-district.
... Higher area ranges from 2000 to 3000 m above sea level (asl), middle area from 1500 m to 2000 m asl, and lower area from 500 m to 1500 m asl. According to Rudiarto and Doppler (2013), higher area is dominated by potato agricultural area with subsistence-market oriented farming system and less infrastructure found. Middle area has more less similar condition as compared to high area but more developed with subsistence and market-oriented farming system. ...
... RUSLE (Renard et al. 1997) was developed from the Universal Soil Loss Estimation (USLE) founded by Wischmeier and Smith (1978) as the empirically based model. RUSLE produces the average rates of soil loss per unit area annually based on factors influencing soil erosion such as rainfall, soil type, slope, crop management, and control practice (Rudiarto and Doppler 2013). The modification of USLE into RUSLE is more on the site location of the model application where more slopes are available. ...
... during 10 years of development, soil loss has increased quite ominously for the rate of 61 to 180 tons/ha/year from 25.10% in 2007 to 29.17% in 2017. This increasing is also followed by the highest rate of Rudiarto and Doppler (2013) from 1991 to 2006 where soil loss in Dieng Plateau increased for about 7.63% from 53.02% in 1991 to 60.65% in 2006 for the higher range of rates, whereas for the lower rates, the tendency showed declining rate for about 11.23% from 1991 to 2006. ...
Soil erosion has been a major threat in land degradation processes around the world. High level of soil erosion in particular area may influence community livelihood where land resource as the main source of family income is being threatened. This study was carried out in Dieng Plateau, Central Java Province, Indonesia, with the aim to seek the level of soil erosion as well as to find out how resilient farm families are in the study area toward land degradation. Soil erosion assessment was performed using RUSLE method with various spatial data such as Landsat images, rainfall, soil erodibility, slope data, and conservation practice, while community resilience assessment was performed by comparing community preparedness to its vulnerability from 67 farm household samples. The results show most of high level of soil erosion occurred in area dominated by steep slope with less vegetation cover. It is also confirmed that soil erosion has accelerated due to deforestation indicated by the increasing area for soil erosion level 61–180 tons/ha/year from 1871 ha in 2007 to 2174 ha in 2017 (+4.07%). While the highest soil erosion level more than 180 tons/ha/year was increased for about 1.45% from 226 ha in 2017 to 34 ha in 2017, it was found as well that community resilience in the study area is classified at low level (0.27–1.01) with score 0.56. In general, the community in the study area is not resilient toward land degradation processes and hence jeopardizes livelihood sustainability.
... It is hard to avoid this agricultural practice because this has become people's hereditary for practicing agriculture in the mountainous region. In Indonesia, where many upland areas can be found, land use/cover change due to farming activity commonly occurs (Rudiarto and Doppler, 2013). ...
The purpose of this study is to develop and apply land use change (LUC) as a novel causative factor to produce landslide susceptibility map (LSM) by using frequency ratio (FR), certainty factor (CF), and logistic regression (LR) models in a geographic information system environment. In the study area, Upper Area of Ujung-loe Watersheds area South Sulawesi Indonesia, landslides were derived from aerial photography from time series data image of Google Earth ProTM during 2012-2016 and field survey. LSM were built by using FR, CF, and LR with eleven causative factors. The results indicated that LUC affects landslide susceptibility in the study area according to FR and CF method. It can be inferred from the results of FR and CF, LUC has the highest value on both at LUC from primary forest to open area and paddy field, it was observed that the change vegetation type to another landscape destabilize slopes. However, in logistic regression method, LUC has on 5th place from eleven causative factor, according to likelihood ratio test with chi-square value 85.065 after Slope, distance to river, distance to faults and aspect. Validation of landslide susceptibility was carried out by calculating the area under the curve (AUC) of receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC). Firstly, LR shows the highest accuracy in both success and predictive rate (85.6%). Secondly, the frequency of landslides in high to a very high class of susceptibility was calculated, which indicates the level of accuracy of the method. CF returns the highest accuracy of 85.28%.
