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Although gradual, the changes in the weather patterns are also noticeable and impactful to architectural design. If the local microclimate is taken into account early in the conceptual stage of design, the longevity of the ultimate structure can be greatly enhanced, despite challenging environmental factors. Parametric designing enables to discover...
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... following five principles categorize basic options how architecture can deal with wind. The categories are estab- lished on examples from architecture: Minimum resistance, Concentration, Diffusion, Deflection and Materialization ( Figure 1). One of the principles is further elaborated and presented in the example case ...
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... criteria are taken into account while designing the 'FlowBrane': i) protection against the wind, ii) deflection of the wind horizontally and vertically from the sides that are exposed to the wind to the largest extent and iii) ability not to block the sun. Reacting to the wind flow pattern of westerly and southerly winds, a curve is drawn in Rhinoceros in the top view, and consequently, the final shape of the 'FlowBrane' is generated in Grasshopper. The most suitable shape of the curve is sought. The desired deflection of the wind is schematically drawn in Figure 10 on the right- hand ...
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... parametric principle of the final shape has the following dependence: the longer is the perpendicular distance between the fixed and the variable curve, the greater is the lift at the particular section of the resultant 'FlowBrane'. The specific angle of the lift is calculated for the given number of segments of the tensile membrane. The parametric constraints are set as follows: the hor- izontal perpendicular distance between the fixed and the variable curve is min. 1 m and max. 19.4 m that corre- sponds to the minimum and maximum lift at the parti- cular section ranging from 2 to 7.25 m. The final angle for every segment of the future membrane is calculated and ranges from 20.4 to 34.41 from the horizontal plane (Figure ...
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... the wind tests of the designed shapes, the wind speed is set to 6 m/s for the westerly winds and 9 m/s for the southerly winds. The simulation resolution is set in such manner that the desired voxel size less than 1.5 m is obtained. A disadvantage is that the results from Flow Design lose on precision with the increase of the model size and the maximum possible resolution is dependent on computing power. The software allows raising the resolu- tion only until the processor is able to execute the calculations. When the upper limit is exceeded, raising the resolution has the opposite effect as can be expected; the voxels become larger. The ability to provide efficient wind protection, as well as the size of the wind-protected zone, is observed. Figure 11 shows the comparison of the situation with and without designed 'FlowBrane' created from two different flexible curves. The wind flow affected by the membrane is tested and flow lines, as well as horizontal plane , are used to display the results. The horizontal plane cannot be placed precisely, therefore the plane is moved as close to the water surface as ...
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... question of thermal comfort is very important in the public space design. Successfully designed public spaces attract people and thus become livelier and incorporated into the city life. Currently, the level of comfort in the site is very low. Clusters of silos in Loudden Docks create an uncomfortable place that is only suitable for industrial use. Fluctuations of wind speed and momentarily wind gusts can be problematic in a recreational area. If the high wind speeds are accompanied by shade and low temperatures (the winds in Stockholm reach temperatures close to zero), such public space is avoided by people. Moreover, from the security point of view, wind gusts that are exceeding the speed of 15 m/s 0.05%-0.3% of hours/year are critical for pedestrians. According to Dutch Standard, if the wind speed is exceeding 15 m/s more than 0.3% of hours/year, such situation is considered dangerous and not acceptable for any outdoor activity (NEN, 8100, 2006). All these facts are considered in the presented wind-induced architectural ...
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... There are three main principles in wind-driven design and optimization (KORMANÍKOVÁ et al. 2018): (1) Reshape the building façade and outline to enhance the longevity of the ultimate structure, (2) Reduce emission for passive cooling (3) mitigate the strong wind and ensure the pedestrian wind comfort. And what we focus on in this paper is (3). ...
This study introduces an AI-assisted workflow for wind simulation in landscape form-finding. It can rapidly deliver a series of design options within designers' predefined constraints, each detailed with wind indicators. Integrating AI to detect subtle environmental changes and align with designers' intuitive decisions, this research fosters a collaborative paradigm between landscape architects and AI, aiming to shift from physics engine simulations to employing real-time AI simulations for rapidly aiding designers in the form-finding process in landscape design.
... Although factors like the effect of wind are widely used in industrial design, they have not yet become a standard in architecture. Integrating performance criteria such as wind through simulations can enhance the environmental adaptability of buildings (Kormaníková et al., 2018). The aim of this subsection is to summarize the literature on the development of wind analysis techniques and their performance in various applications. ...
... She is the author of a number of publications, not only in papers at scientific conferences, but also in recognized journals. An article in Frontiers of Architectural Research [6] is very interesting. Important results are published in Applied Sciences Basel [7]. ...
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... Besides, the wind-induced response of non-structural components may also interact with the main structure under certain conditions, which will intensify the response amplitude of the main structure. Hence, in both the structural design and service stage, it is necessary to consider wind-induced response for reliability and habitability assurance [2]. Specifically, during the stage of early structural design, wind tunnel testing and finite-element analysis (FE) compatible with codes or standard specifications herein are common approaches to investigate wind-induced vibration response [3][4][5]. ...
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... Some researchers and designers employed CFD simulation technology in specific projects to compare the wind flows of different design options and manually improve the design (Guo, Liu and Yuan, 2015;Zhu, 2017). In addition, the application of CFD simulation in the early design stage has been investigated to explore its potential in improving both outdoor and indoor wind environments (Chronis, Liapi and Sibetheros, 2012;Kormaníková et al., 2018). ...
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... 22 It is the process of changing the shape of a body in fluid flow to reduce the undesirable forces on and around it. Kormaníková et al. 23 parametrically designed a membrane structure to improve the wind flow on an urban site. This was done in manual iterations, not with an optimization algorithm, by adjusting the geometry in Grasshopper and then exporting to flow design for CFD simulation, which the authors acknowledge was a limitation to finding an optimum design. ...
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... Computing air flows around buildings is relatively more complex compared to the same analysis in an indoor environment (Aynsley, 1999). The behaviour of the wind flow is directly related to the form of the building, and CFD can be integrated to the wind-induced architecture by parametric design (Kormanikova et al., 2018). CFD simulations can be used to assess sand barriers affected by wind loadings as well (Horvat et al., 2020). ...
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... Based on specific wind data, discovering the ideal architectural shape can be realized by parametric modelling (Kormaníková et al. 2018). We adopted a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) site modelling approach to the frame design. ...
... By taking this premise into account early in the conceptual design stage, improvements or modifications can be made to the local wind situation. Regarding architectural obstacles to the wind, the flow of the wind can be deflected, concentrated, diffused, harvested, or minimally changed [8]. Aerodynamically designed buildings, for instance, contribute to reducing deflections of the wind and the resonance caused by the wind. ...
Over the past few decades, digital tools have become indispensable in the field of architecture. The complex design tasks that make up architectural design methods benefit from utilizing advanced simulation software and, consequently, design solutions have become more nature-adapted and site-specific. Computer simulations and performance-oriented design enable us to address global challenges, such as climate change, in the preliminary conceptual design phase. In this paper, an innovative architectural design method is introduced. This method consists of the following: (1) an analysis of the local microclimate, specifically the wind situation; (2) the parametric shape generation of the airport terminal incorporating wind as a form-finding factor; (3) Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) analysis; and (4) wind-performance studies of various shapes and designs. A combination of programs, such as Rhinoceros (Rhino), and open-source plug-ins, such as Grasshopper and Swift, along with the post-processing software Paraview, are utilized for the wind-performance evaluation of a case study airport terminal in Reykjavik, Iceland. The objective of this wind-performance evaluation is to enhance the local wind situation and, by employing the proposed architectural shape, to regulate the wind pattern to find the optimal wind flow around the designed building. By utilizing the aforementioned software, or other open-source software, the proposed method can be easily integrated into regular architectural practice.
... Based on specific wind data, discovering the ideal architectural shape can be realized by parametric modelling (Kormaníková et al. 2018). We adopted a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) site modelling approach to the frame design. ...
