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Appropriate Catheter Sizes for Use in Girls. The choice of catheter depends on the size of the urethra and the age of the child. The correct catheter sizes range from 4 to 6 French in newborns, 6 to 8 French in infants, 10 to 12 French in prepubertal girls, and up to 14 French in adolescents.
Source publication
Urethral catheterization permits direct drainage of the urinary bladder and is often performed in pediatric practice. This video demonstrates catheterization of the urinary bladder in the female infant or child.
Context in source publication
Context 1
... (2) There are many types of catheters, varying in construction material, design, and size ( Fig. 1). The choice of catheter depends on the size of the urethra and on the age of the child. The correct catheter sizes range from 4 to 6 French in newborns, 6 to 8 French in infants, 10 to 12 French in prepubertal girls, and up to 14 French in adolescents. Care should be taken with the use of long 4.0 French catheters, which can become ...
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In this study suprapubic bladder drainage was performed via the placement of Cistofix catheter (5 cases) and cleft-trocar and foley catheter (5 cases) to the urinary bladders of ten calves with experimentally obstructed urethra. Cistofix catheter did not reach to the urinary bladder unless it dilated enough. It was determined the complications like...
Citations
... Urine sample obtained via aseptic bladder catheterization and CSF via lumbar puncture (LP) should be considered in a respiratory-and hemodynamically-stable infant. [48][49][50] A positive bacterial culture after 24 to 36 h confirm the type of bacterial pathogen, and allows antimicrobial susceptibility testing. [42] Biological markers, such as procalcitonin (PCT), C-reactive protein (CRP), white blood cell, and absolute neutrophil count (ANC), are not specific of bacterial infection. ...
Sepsis remains a significant cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality in China. A better understanding of neonatal sepsis in China as compared with other industrialized and non-industrialized countries may help optimize neonatal health care both regionally and globally. Literature cited in this review was retrieved from PubMed using the keywords "neonatal sepsis," "early-onset (EOS)" and "late-onset (LOS)" in English, with the focus set on population-based studies. This review provides an updated summary regarding the epidemiology, pathogen profile, infectious work-up, and empirical treatment of neonatal sepsis within and beyond China. The incidence of neonatal EOS and the proportion of Group B Streptococcus (GBS) within pathogens causing EOS in China seem to differ from those in developed countries, possibly due to different population characteristics and intrapartum/postnatal health care strategies. Whether to adopt GBS screening and intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis in China remains highly debatable. The pathogen profile of LOS in China was shown to be similar to other countries. However, viruses as potential pathogens of neonatal LOS have been underappreciated. Growing antimicrobial resistance in China reflects limitations in adapting antibiotic regimen to local microbial profile and timely cessation of treatment in non-proven bacterial infections. This review stresses that the local epidemiology of neonatal sepsis should be closely monitored in each institution. A prompt and adequate infectious work-up is critically important in diagnosing neonatal sepsis. Adequate and appropriate antibiotic strategies must be overemphasized to prevent the emergence of multi-resistant bacteria in China.
Objectives
The purpose of this study was to assess adverse events associated with diagnostic urethral catheterization (UC) in young children and to determine their impact on the patient and their family.
Methods
This was a prospective cohort study conducted in the emergency department of a tertiary-care pediatric hospital. All 3- to 24-month-old children with fever who had a diagnostic UC were eligible. Parents who consented to participate were contacted by phone within 7 to 10 days after the UC to answer a standardized questionnaire inquiring about complications. The primary outcome was the occurrence of an unfavourable event in the seven days following UC, defined as painful urination, genital pain, urinary retention, hematuria or secondary urinary tract infection. Secondary outcomes included the need for further medical care and the need for parents to miss school or work.
Results
Of the 199 patients who completed the study, 41 (21%) reported a complication: painful urination in 19 (10%) children, genital pain in 16 (8%), urinary retention in 11 (6%), gross hematuria in 9 (5%), and secondary urinary tract infection in 1 (0.5%). Three (1%) parents reported the need for further medical care and three (1%) missed work. Two independent variables (male sex and age 12-23 months) were associated with a higher risk of adverse events.
Conclusions
Urethral catheterization is associated with adverse events in 21% of young children in the week following the procedure. Accordingly, this procedure should be used judiciously in children, considering its potential to cause unfavourable events.
