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Anthobium alekseevi sp. nov. 7 legs 8 protarsus. Scale bars: 1.0 mm (7); 0.1 mm (8). Abbreviations: pt1–pt5 = protarsomeres 1–5.
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An unusual new omaliine species, Anthobium alekseevi sp. nov., is described and illustrated from Eocene Baltic amber, tentatively placed in the megadiverse genus Anthobium Leach, 1819. A new monotypic species-group is established. The new species can easily be distinguished from other species of the genus by the larger body, shape of the subrectang...
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Citations
... Regarding omaliine fossils preserved in amber, definitive representatives in Eocene Baltic ambers were recently described by Zanetti et al. (2016), Yamamoto (2019, 2020), and Shavrin and Kairišs (2021). Nine species, all in extant genera in three tribes were described from Baltic amber: Geodromicus balticus Shavrin and Yamamoto (2019) and Anthobium alekseevi Shavrin and Yamamoto (2020) of the tribe Anthophagini Thomson, 1859; Eusphalerum kanti Shavrin and Yamamoto (2019) and Eu. bukejsi Shavrin, 2021of the tribe Eusphalerini Hatch, 1957 and Paraphloeostiba electrica Zanetti et al. (2016), P. morosa Shavrin and Yamamoto (2019), Phyllodrepa antiqua Zanetti et al. (2016), Ph. daedali Shavrin and Yamamoto (2019) and Ph. ...
... The recent advancement of μ-CT and propagation phase-contrast X-ray synchrotron imaging has opened new windows for achieving high-quality reconstructions and individual X-ray sliced images for amber beetles (e.g., Chatzimanolis et al. 2013;Zanetti et al. 2016;Jałoszyński et al. 2018Jałoszyński et al. , 2020Bukejs et al. 2020a, b;Shavrin & Kairišs 2020, 2021Alekseev et al. 2021;Perreau et al. 2021;Schmidt et al. 2021). They are useful in excluding extra bubble layers surrounding the surfaces of inclusions (e.g., Yamamoto & Maruyama 2018;Kundrata et al. 2020;Kypke & Solodovnikov 2020;Shavrin & Yamamoto 2020) and in removing certain extra body parts from reconstructions (e.g., Perreau & Tafforeau 2011;Bukejs et al. 2020a, b). Our attempt to visualise the holotype of †Charhyphus serratus sp. ...
Phloeocharinae is a small and likely non-monophyletic subfamily of rove beetles. The enigmatic genus Charhyphus Sharp, 1887 has long been placed in Phloeocharinae, whereas recent studies have found it to be phylogenetically very distant from the core members of this subfamily, suggesting the possibility that it actually deserves its own separate subfamily status. So far, the sole definitive fossil record for Charhyphus is known based on a single male from Eocene Baltic amber as represented by † Charhyphus balticus Shavrin, 2020. Here, we describe and illustrate another new Charhyphus species, † Charhyphus serratus sp. nov. Yamamoto & Shavrin, from Baltic amber based on a well-preserved female fossil. Considering the general proportions of the body and the head, this new species is most similar to † C . balticus . The new species differs from all known species by the development of strong serration of the lateral edges of the pronotum and features of the shape of the apical margin of the mesoventrite. By using X-ray micro-computed tomography, we succeeded in visualising not only the general habitus but also each individual body part, recovering a previously undocumented sclerite on the female internal genital segments in the genus. Morphological features of extinct and extant species of Charhyphus are briefly discussed. Figures of all extant Charhyphus species and a key for the genus are also provided. Our study is important for considering possible higher palaeodiversity, more common occurrence, and palaeobiogeography of Charhyphus .
... Eight species in three tribes of Omaliinae were recently described from the Eocene Baltic amber (Zanetti et al. 2016;Shavrin & Yamamoto 2019, 2020: two species of Anthobium Leach, 1819 and Geodromicus Redtenbacher, 1857 of the tribe Anthophagini Thomson, 1859, five species of Paraphloeostiba Steel, 1960and Phyllodrepa Thomson, 1859of Omaliini McLeay, 1825, and only one species in Eusphalerini Hatch, 1957, Eusphalerum kanti Shavrin & Yamamoto, 2019. Four species of Eusphalerum Kraatz, 1857 in Shavrin & Yamamoto (2019) were not described, because species of the genus can be reliably distinguished by the morphology of the aedeagus and female genital structures. ...
A new species of the genus Eusphalerum Kraatz, 1857 (Omaliinae) from the Eocene Baltic amber is described and illustrated: Eu. bukejsi Shavrin, sp.n. The specimen was studied using X-ray micro-computed tomography (μCT), to obtain images of the habitus, body parts and aedeagus. Based on the shape of the aedeagus, it was compared with East Asian species of pollens and japonicum groups.
The taxonomic composition, phylogeny, ecology, biology, behaviour, and fossil record of Proteininae Erichson, 1839 is reviewed to place the first Eocene fossil specimen from Baltic amber in the knowledge framework of this rove beetle subfamily. The Baltic amber fossil is a poorly preserved female which was examined using X-ray micro-computed tomography (μ-CT). It is assigned to the genus Proteinus Latreille, which is represented by 53 extant species in the world fauna, most of which occur in the north temperate areas of the globe. Due to a shortage of data, this newly discovered fossil could not be identified to the species level. However, it is the first known fossil of Proteinus, which indicates that the genus has been present since at least the Late Eocene. Together with other fossils, and what is so far known about the phylogeny of Proteininae and allied groups, it suggests that while the subfamily Proteininae dates back at least to the mid-Cretaceous, its species-rich lineages may be significantly younger. Open questions about the evolution of Proteininae, including reasons for the mainly bipolar geographical distribution of its extant members or the imbal-anced diversity with recent Proteinus and Megarthrus from Proteinini being the only species-rich taxa with a global distribution, are discussed. Proteinus sp. from Baltic amber is a valuable piece of evidence for future research in this direction.
Fossil Corylophidae are poorly known. Three fossil representatives of the family were described until now: one from mid-Cretaceous (Mesozoic) and two from Eocene (Cenozoic) deposits. We revise corylophid material from Baltic amber using X-ray micro-computed tomography (lCT) and describe two new species: Clypastraea venedorum n. sp. and C. groehni n. sp. The systematic placement of the previously described Baltic amber fossil Clypastraea primainterpares Alekseev, 2016 was confirmed. The re-description and diagnosis will help the systematic study on the extant and extinct species of the family. Micro-CT was used for the first time to study a members of Corylophidae. An identification key for Eocene representatives of the genus Clypastraea is provided. The species-rich palaeofauna of this group of corylophid beetles (the most diverse fossil record to date) is briefly discussed in the context of diverse plant communities of Eocene amber forest.
