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![Figure 1: Schematic structure of PDO. Source: [4].](profile/Demetri-Petrides/publication/340936093/figure/fig1/AS:884712058912771@1587943200971/Schematic-structure-of-PDO-Source-4_Q320.jpg)
This SuperPro Designer example analyzes the production of 1,3 Propanediol (PDO) via Fermentation. The results include material and energy balances, equipment sizing, capital and operating cost estimation.
Context in source publication
Context 1
... metrics suggest that this process for PDO production is economically feasible, taking into account that PDO is a commodity chemical and, therefore, is expected to have relatively tight profit margins. Taxes) 10.08 NPV (at 3,0% Interest) 50,240,000 $ MP = Total Flow of Stream 'Dry Lysine HCl' Figure 6 displays the annual operating cost breakdown, which is also part of the EER. This type of chart can be included in the report by selecting Reports Options and activating the Include Charts option on the lower right corner of the dialog. ...
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Citations
... The fermentation under non-sterile conditions occurs in a fed-batch process, and results in the production of 67.9 g/L [23]. The PDO formed in these fermentation reactors is purified by filtration, ion exchange and evaporation, as described by Petrides et al. [24]. Considering the similarities in properties and process routes between PTT and PET, PTT synthesis modelling was based on the PET synthesis process. ...
It is widely accepted that plastic waste is one of the most urgent environmental concerns
the world is currently facing. The emergence of bio-based plastics provides an opportunity to reduce dependency on fossil fuels and transition to a more circular plastics economy. For polyethylene terephthalate (PET), one of the most prevalent plastics in packaging and textiles, two bio-based alternatives exist that are similar or superior in terms of material properties and recyclability. These are polyethylene furanoate (PEF) and polytrimethylene terephthalate (PTT). The overarching aim of this study was to examine the transition from fossil-based to renewable plastics, through the lens of
PET upcycling into PEF and PTT. The process for the production of PEF and PTT from three waste feed streams was developed in the SuperPro Designer software and the economic viability assessed via a discounted cumulative cash flow (DCCF) analysis. A techno-economic analysis of the designed process revealed that the minimum selling price (MSP) of second generation-derived PEF and PTT is 3.13 USD/kg, and that utilities and the feedstock used for the production of 2,5-furandicarboxylic
acid (FDCA) needed in PEF synthesis contributed the most to the process operating costs. The effect of recycling PEF and PTT through the process at three recycling rates (42%, 50% and 55%) was investigated and it was revealed that increased recycling could reduce the MSP of the 2G bio-plastics (by 48.5%) to 1.61 USD/kg. This demonstrates that the plastic biorefinery, together with increasing recycling rates, would have a beneficial effect on the economic viability of upcycled plastics.
... The fermentation under non-sterile conditions occurs in a fed-batch process, and results in the production of 67.9 g/L [23]. The PDO formed in these fermentation reactors is purified by filtration, ion exchange and evaporation, as described by Petrides et al. [24]. Considering the similarities in properties and process routes between PTT and PET , PTT synthesis modelling was based on the PET synthesis process. ...
It is widely accepted that plastic waste is one of our most urgent environmental concerns the world is currently facing. Plastic has contributed greatly to innovation in all fields, but the raw material for its production (fossil fuels), as well as the linear economy in which it is currently produced and used, makes the material problematic from a sustainability and human health perspectives. The emergence of bio-based plastics provides an opportunity to reduce dependency on fossil fuels and transition to a more circular plastics economy. For polyethylene terephthalate (PET), one of the most prevalent plastics in packaging and textiles, there exist two bio-based alternatives that are similar or superior in material property and recyclability. These are polyethylene furanoate (PEF) and polytrimethylene terephthalate (PTT). The overarching aim of this study was to examine the transition from fossil-based to renewable plastics, through the lens of PET upcycling into PEF and PTT. The process for the production of PEF and PTT from three feed streams (post-consumer PET waste, lignocellulosic biomass-derived cellulose and biodiesel-derived crude glycerol) was developed in the software SuperPro Designer and the economic viability assessed via a discounted cumulative cash flow (DCCF) analysis. This study represents a conceptual case study of the valorisation of existing plastic waste into new, recyclable bio-based plastics, for a more sustainable plastics production. A techno-economic analysis of the designed process revealed that the minimum selling price (MSP) of second generation-derived PEF and PTT is 3.13 USD/kg, and that utilities and the feedstock used for the production of 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) needed in PEF synthesis contributed the most to the process operating costs. The effect of recycling PEF and PTT through the process at three recycling rates (42%, 50% and 55%) was investigated and revealed that increased recycling could reduce the MSP of the 2G bio-plastics (by 48.5%) to 1.61 USD/kg. This demonstrates that increasing recycling rates would have a beneficial effect on the economic viability of the plastic biorefinery.
