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Analytical illustration of Carex microcarpa Moris [(A, B, D-I) France: Corsica, Ghiosimi. 4 May 2007, M. Escudero 88ME07, UPOS-4720; (C) France: Corsica, Ghiosimi. 5 May 2007. M. Escudero 104ME07, UPOS 4723]. A, habit; B, ligule; C, inflorescence; D, male spike; E, staminate glume; F, female spike; G, pistillate glume; H, utricle; I, achene. Drawing by F. Míguez.
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Species delimitation in Carex section Rhynchocystis has remained relatively constant through its taxonomic history. The section is currently composed of five species distributed in the Western Palaearctic (C. microcarpa and C. pendula) and subSaharan Africa (C. bequaertii, C. mossii and C. penduliformis). Recent phylogenetic studies revealed that t...
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... Diese Sippe ist formal neu für Niederösterreich (vgl. Míguez & al. 2018 inkl. "Supporting Information"). ...
From the northern and northeastern part of Lower Austria and Vienna, occurrences of rare plant species are reported. New for the flora of Austria is the neophyte Helianthus salicifolius. New for the flora of Vienna are Carex buekii and the neophyte Clematis viticella. New for the flora of Lower Austria is the neophyte Geranium endressii. New for Vienna north of the Danube is the neophyte Lepidium didymum. New for the flora of the Weinviertel region is the neophyte Panicum riparium (= P. barbipulvinatum). New for the flora of the Waldviertel region is the neophyte Xanthium orientale s. lat. New localities of further 21 remarkable taxa are presented, of which 1 is ”critically endangered”, 10 ”endangered” and 10 ”vulnerable” according to the current Red List of Austria: Androsace elongata, Astragalus austriacus, Bromus commutatus subsp. decipiens, Ceratophyllum submersum, Gypsophila paniculata, Epipactis palustris, Filago lutescens, Filago minima (= Logfia minima), Lythrum hyssopifolia, Myosurus minimus, Orobanche alsatica, Orobanche elatior, Papaver argemone, Phelipanche arenaria, Ranunculus arvensis, Reseda phyteuma, Scorzonera purpurea, Spergula arvensis subsp. arvensis, Succisa pratensis, Veronica maritima and Viola elatior. The following native taxa, which are not endangered or classified throughout Austria but rarely occur in the area dealt with in this article, are discussed: Alopecurus geniculatus, Astrantia major var. major, Callitriche palustris, Carex agastachys, Carex lepidocarpa, Carex leporina, Carex remota, Consolida regalis subsp. paniculata (= Delphinium consolida subsp. paniculatum), Cyperus fuscus, Glyceria declinata, Laserpitium latifolium subsp. asperum, Phleum nodosum, Potamogeton friesii × pusillus and Pteridium aquilinum subsp. aquilinum. Additionally, a locality of the rare neophyte Panicum gattingeri is presented.
... It is important to note that: 1) the greenhouse-grown specimen maintains the characters of the two mature individuals studied from the Sierra de Tejeda population; 2) there are already numerous precedents where the new taxa have been described based on only one population, e.g. Gadoria falukei Güemes & Mota (Güemes & Mota, 2017), Rivasmartinezia cazorlana Blanca, Cueto, Benavente & J. Fuentes (Blanca et al., 2016); and 3) it has been advocated that some morphologically-differentiated disjunct populations could benefit from the concept of "morphogeographical compartmentalization" proposed by Stuessy (1990) to explain morphological differences between geographically distant populations and which has been used to justify infraespecific taxonomic treatments in the genus Carex Míguez et al., 2018). The absence of molecular and cytogenetic differentiation of the newly discovered population could be explained by a recent migration of C. camposii to Sierra de Tejeda with subsequent interruption of gene flow that has led to a rapid morphological change, perhaps due to the adaptation to a new habitat, without generating significant genetic differentiation between the plant from Sierra de Tejeda and the rest of the populations of C. camposii, at least for the analyzed markers. ...
Carex camposii Boiss. & Reut., endemic to high mountain ranges in Southern Iberian Peninsula (Sierra Nevada, Sierra de los Filabres and Sierra de Baza), is a morphologically and molecularly well-defined species included in Carex gr. laevigata (subg. Carex, sect. Spirostachyae). We have discovered a population of a morphologically similar species to C. camposii in a different mountain range (Sierra de Tejeda), that displayed some deviant morphological characters and was found in a different habitat from that typical of the species. In order to disentangle the taxonomic status of this population, we have conducted a phylogenetic analysis using five nuclear (ITS, ETS, G3PDH, CATP and GZF) and three plastid (matK, rpS16 and 5'trnK intron) DNA regions. In addition, a morphological analysis including the population from Sierra de Tejeda was carried out. The resulting phylogenetic trees show that the samples of the problematic population are closely related to C. camposii, while the morphological study revealed that a total of nine morphological features did not match those of typical C. camposii. Even though the samples from Sierra de Tejeda are genetically not well differentiated from C. camposii, the morphological and ecological differentiation supports its recognition as a new subspecies, C. camposii subsp. tejedensis. An assessment of its conservation status using IUCN categories and criteria suggests that it could be critically endangered (CR).
... These taxa have either been identified erroneously, or have been identified at first in recent decades, or their taxonomic status has been changed (Danylyk 2012, Kuziarin 2012. For example, according to the authors (Míguez et al. 2018, Sanz-Arnal et al. 2022, all Ukrainian material of Carex pendula s.l. from the Carpathian Mts. of and Crimean Mts. ...
... belongs to C. agastachys L.f. However, the study of Ukrainian material revealed that the species characters did not adjust precisely to Míguez et al.'s (2018) key. Further studies are needed to fully understand the situation of this taxon in our area (and elsewhere). ...
In this research the family Cyperaceae in Ukraine has critically been revised. An up-to-date classification of all taxa is presented, i.e. one subfamily (Cyperoideae), 13 tribes, 16 genera, and 148 species. The genus Cyperus s.l. includes now Acorellus, Dichostylis, Juncellus, Mariscus, Pycreus, and Torulinium, which were previously considered as separate genera. However, the genera Schoenoplectus and Schoenoplectiella are listed by us as recognised taxa. A new combination in the rank of section, Hostianae (Carex: Cariceae), is given. The basic unit of our classification is the species, although subspecies and varieties are indicated to cover intraspecific heterogeneity when necessary.
... These taxa have either been identified erroneously, or have been identified at first in recent decades, or their taxonomic status has been changed (Danylyk 2012, Kuziarin 2012. For example, according to the authors (Míguez et al. 2018, Sanz-Arnal et al. 2022, all Ukrainian material of Carex pendula s.l. from the Carpathian Mts. of and Crimean Mts. ...
... belongs to C. agastachys L.f. However, the study of Ukrainian material revealed that the species characters did not adjust precisely to Míguez et al.'s (2018) key. Further studies are needed to fully understand the situation of this taxon in our area (and elsewhere). ...
In this research the family Cyperaceae in Ukraine has critically been revised. An up-to-date classification of all taxa is presented, i.e. one subfamily (Cyperoideae), 13 tribes, 16 genera, and 148 species. The genus Cyperus s.l. includes now Acorellus, Dichostylis, Juncellus, Mariscus, Pycreus, and Torulinium, which were previously considered as separate genera. However, the genera Schoenoplectus and Schoenoplectiella are listed by us as recognised taxa. A new combination in the rank of section, Hostianae (Carex: Cariceae), is given. The basic unit of our classification is the species, although subspecies and varieties are indicated to cover intraspecific heterogeneity when necessary.
... In sum, the global richness and delimitation of some infrageneric entities, sections, and species in Rhaponticoides requires a deep, serious revision that should be carried out within the framework of the integrative taxonomy 66 . We suggest incorporating a wider representation of taxa and the use of the phylogenomic approach already used in the Cardueae 37 . ...
Floristic relationships between the Irano-Turanian and Mediterranean regions have been known from old. However, only a few biogeographical analyses based on molecular data have evaluated the history of steppe plants within the Mediterranean basin. Our study aims to contribute to a better understanding of the migratory and diversification processes by reconstructing the biogeography of Rhaponticoides (Cardueae), distributed in the Mediterranean and Irano-Turanian regions. We generated nuclear and plastid sequences that were analyzed by Bayesian inference. We used the resulting phylogeny for dating the diversification of the genus and examining the dispersal pathways. Two clades were recovered, an Irano-Turanian clade and a Mediterranean clade. The origin of the genus was placed in the Anatolian plateau in the Middle Miocene. The genus experienced several diversifications and expansions correlated to the Messinian salinity crisis and the environmental changes in the Pliocene and the Quaternary. Rhaponticoides migrated following two routes reflecting the two souls of the genus: Irano-Turanian taxa colonized the steppes of Eurasia whilst Mediterranean species migrated via eastern and central Mediterranean and North Africa, leaving a trail of species; both pathways ended in the Iberian Peninsula. Our study also confirms that more work is needed to unravel phylogenetic relationships in Rhaponticoides .
... Yet, most studies still do not draw any taxonomic conclusions or merely recommend formal species description. Where cryptic plant species are formally described, there are usually morphological distinguishing characters in addition to genetic evidence (e.g., Filipowicz & al., 2012;Gale & al., 2015;Pace & Cameron, 2017;Míguez & al., 2018;Sokoloff & al., 2019;Costea & al., 2020), i.e., strictly speaking, the new species are only pseudo-cryptic. In his recent review, Renner (2020) criticized that the term "cryptic species" is being devalued because it is frequently applied to common species circumscriptions, but not referring to genuine crypsis. ...
Cryptic species are morphologically indistinguishable but genetically divergent entities that constitute an important part of Earth's biodiversity. They occur in all kingdoms of life, especially when morphological characters are scarce. Compared to the high number of plant species, relatively few cryptic species have been detected so far. Here, we report cryptic species in pondweeds (Potamogeton), freshwater aquatic angiosperms that are characterized by reduced morphology. Using four molecular markers (ITS, 5S‐NTS, rpl20‐5′rps12, trnT‐trnL), three of them unlinked, we found that the widespread P. octandrus consists of three divergent lineages that correspond to the geographic origins of samples from Africa, Asia, and Australia, respectively. Relatively high genetic divergence between these lineages, reciprocal monophyly and many fixed diagnostic characters indicate that P. octandrus consists of three cryptic species. We formally distinguish the African lineage as P. parvifolius and the Australian lineage as P. tenuicaulis from Asian P. octandrus s.str. Potamogeton tenuicaulis is paraphyletic with the Asian species P. cristatus, which differs by unique fruit characters. We assume that the ancestor of P. cristatus originated from Australia and reached Asia by long‐distance dispersal. Quality criteria for assigning species status to cryptic species and their formal taxonomic recognition are discussed.
... All major lineages in Carex except the more warm-climate adapted subgenus Vigneastra colonized the afroalpine region, most of them probably during the Miocene, but they resulted in limited diversification (Gehrke and Linder 2009). Eight species reach afroalpine habitats, including the unusually tall C. bequaertii (Míguez 2018), several species of sect. Spirostachyae (Escudero and Luceño 2011), and the tussock-forming C. monostachya and C. runssoroensis (Gizaw et al. 2016b). ...
The monumental work of Olov Hedberg provided deep insights into the spectacular and fragmented tropical alpine flora of the African sky islands. Here we review recent molecular and niche modelling studies and re-examine Hedberg’s hypotheses and conclusions. Colonisation started when mountain uplift established the harsh diurnal climate with nightly frosts, accelerated throughout the last 5 Myr (Plio-Pleistocene), and resulted in a flora rich in local endemics. Recruitment was dominated by long-distance dispersals (LDDs) from seasonally cold, remote areas, mainly in Eurasia. Colonisation was only rarely followed by substantial diversification. Instead, most of the larger genera and even species colonised the afroalpine habitat multiple times independently. Conspicuous parallel evolution occurred among mountains, e.g., of gigantism in Lobelia and Dendrosenecio and dwarf shrubs in Alchemilla . Although the alpine habitat was ~ 8 times larger and the treeline was ~ 1000 m lower than today during the Last Glacial Maximum, genetic data suggest that the flora was shaped by strong intermountain isolation interrupted by rare LDDs rather than ecological connectivity. The new evidence points to a much younger and more dynamic island scenario than envisioned by Hedberg: the afroalpine flora is unsaturated and fragile, it was repeatedly disrupted by the Pleistocene climate oscillations, and it harbours taxonomic and genetic diversity that is unique but severely depauperated by frequent bottlenecks and cycles of colonisation, extinction, and recolonisation. The level of intrapopulation genetic variation is alarmingly low, and many afroalpine species may be vulnerable to extinction because of climate warming and increasing human impact.
... Probablemente su distribución sea más amplia en el complejo de las sierras de Cebollera, Urbión, Cameros y Neila penetrando así en La Rioja. (Míguez et al., 2017(Míguez et al., , 2018, a menudo utilizada como ornamental. Relativamente frecuente en la península, aparece sobre todo en hábitats termófilos y húmedos, especialmente en bosques riparios, siendo mucho más rara hacia la zona centro Sánchez-Villegas et al., 2019), de donde existen citas recientes. ...
Se presentan novedades y correcciones corológicas para cuatro especies de ciperáceas ibéricas de interés.
... Probablemente su distribución sea más amplia en el complejo de las sierras de Cebollera, Urbión, Cameros y Neila penetrando así en La Rioja. (Míguez et al., 2017(Míguez et al., , 2018, a menudo utilizada como ornamental. Relativamente frecuente en la península, aparece sobre todo en hábitats termófilos y húmedos, especialmente en bosques riparios, siendo mucho más rara hacia la zona centro Sánchez-Villegas et al., 2019), de donde existen citas recientes. ...
We present chorological additions and corrections for four species of Iberian sedges of interest.
... With whitish ligule and smooth peduncle of the lowermost spike, the specimen has been identified as C. pendula s. str., not as Carex agastachys L. f., which is said to occur in the eastern part of the range of the C. pendula aggregate (Míguez & al. 2018). Stamatiadou 22127 (ATH); also reported by Pavlides (1985: 156). ...
Based on Pavlides (1985) and Strid & al. (2017), as a result of three further years of field research (2017–2019), a new update of the reference lists of vascular plants of the Prespa National Park, Greece, is presented. It features 259 taxa, of which 178 are new area records and the rest are 21st century reconfirmations. Nineteen taxa are reported and validated for the first time for Greece, viz.: Acinos majoranifolius, Centaurea galicicae,
Centaurea tomorosii, Chamaecytisus frivaldszkyanus, Chamaecytisus pseudojankae, Dianthus pancicii, Ficaria verna subsp. verna, Hieracium transiens subsp. pycnadenium, Hieracium vladimirovii, Polypodium ×shivasiae, Populus canescens, Potentilla velenovskyi, Ranunculus oreophilus subsp. balcanicus, Rhamnus saxatilis subsp. tinctoria, Rumex acetosella subsp. acetosella, Scabiosa cinerea, Viola tricolor, and Xanthium orientale subsp. saccharatum. Leontodon asperrimus is new for the European flora. Collection data include locality, date, habitat, specimen numbers, herbarium, as well as floristic and taxonomic annotations.
