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... analysis of alizarin red staining (Figure 2) was performed to confirm the robust osteogenic differentiation of ADMSC cultured in the presence of SF/CBPG and CBPG alone compared to the standard conditions. The osteogenic differentiation was confirmed by quantitative ...
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... this aim, we performed a real-time polymerase chain reaction assay, which showed the Notch cascade A 12-well co-culture system (Nunc) was used. ADMSC were placed on the bottom layer and cultured in DMEM plus 0.2% BSA. In the upper layer we placed the SF/CBPG scaffold (column A), CBPG (column B) and SF (column C). A control in which ADMSC were cultured in standard conditions (DMEM +10% FBS) was also prepared (column D). After the first 4 days we observed a reduction of cell growth and the formation of 3D multicellular spheroids both in cells cultured with the SF/CBPG scaffold and CBPG. The analysis was repeated three times on six different ADMSC lines. ADMSC: adipose mesenchymal stem cells; SF/CBPG: silk fibroin/cord blood platelet gel; DMEM: standard culture medium. Osteogenic differentiation ADMSC on a SF/CBPG scaffold upregulation involved in the osteogenic differentiation of ADMSC cultured in the presence of the SF/CBPG scaffold and CBPG alone (Figure ...
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... analysis of alizarin red staining (Figure 2) was performed to confirm the robust osteogenic differentiation of ADMSC cultured in the presence of SF/CBPG and CBPG alone compared to the standard conditions. The osteogenic differentiation was confirmed by quantitative RT-PCR. ...
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... adipose mesenchymal stem cells; SF/CBPG: silk fibroin/cord blood platelet gel; DMEM: standard culture medium. Osteogenic differentiation ADMSC on a SF/CBPG scaffold upregulation involved in the osteogenic differentiation of ADMSC cultured in the presence of the SF/CBPG scaffold and CBPG alone (Figure 2). ...
Citations
... A detailed discussion of the in vitro uses and in vivo therapeutic applications of these novel CB components is outside the scope of this article. The interested reader can find the encouraging, preliminary evidences so far reported in several reviews (Petrini, 2012;Querol and Samarkanova, 2019;Rebulla et al., 2019;Samarkanova et al., 2020a) and laboratory studies (Parazzi et al., 2010;Cox et al., 2015;Parazzi et al., 2015;Ferri et al., 2016;Longo et al., 2016;Rebulla et al., 2016;Shirzad et al., 2017;Stokhuijzen et al., 2017;Christou et al., 2018;Cox et al., 2018;Valentini et al., 2019;Samarkanova et al., 2020b;Rallapalli et al., 2021). A selection of published investigations on the clinical use of CB platelets, plasma and red blood cells in wound healing, ophthalmology, neonatal and pediatric transfusion is reported in Table 1. ...
Most public cord blood banking programs are currently facing financial difficulties due to a progressive decline in the number of cord blood transplants performed worldwide and to a high discard rate of the donated units caused by progressively increasing thresholds of the stem cell dose required to perform safe and effective hemopoietic cord blood transplants. Recycling a proportion of unused cord blood units to prepare novel cord blood components obtained with minimal manipulation (platelets, plasma, red blood cells) and to develop more technologically complex products regulated in the US as Cellular and Gene Therapy Products and in Europe as Advanced Therapy Medicinal Products [e.g. virus-specific T cells (VST), natural killer (NK) cells, induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) is a promising strategy to increase the therapeutic value and reduce the financial deficits of public cord blood banking. Based on encouraging preliminary evidences reported in the literature, additional laboratory studies, large multicenter clinical trials and international regulatory harmonization are necessary to achieve these important goals. This article describes organizational, methodological and regulatory advancements developed in Italy and Spain to promote the clinical use of cord blood platelets, plasma and red blood cells.
... Based on studies on tissue regeneration promoted by CBPG [5,12,13], we developed a procedure to administer this blood component in liquid form for endocavitary irrigation of a fistulous canal and successfully treated a patient with a perianal fistula. ...
Cord blood platelet gel is prepared by activation of coagulation in a platelet concentrate obtained from cord blood. During the process of clot formation, platelet alpha-granules release growth factors that promote tissue repair. However, in the form of gel, it is not possible to inject it into small, narrow and deep cavities. Therefore, we analyzed gelification kinetics and developed an application technique of platelet gel in liquid form. This semi-activated form provides for the activation of the coagulation process but not the gelification of the platelet concentrate. In this way, it can be easily inoculated in an endocavitary space, and then complete in vivo the gelification process. We report the successful use of this procedure to heal a recurrent perianal fistula.
... fibrin, fibronectin and vitronectin) [2][3][4] . Such growth factors and cells have been shown to promote cell recruitment, proliferation and angiogenesis, which may be implicated in tissue regeneration and healing [5][6][7][8] . Thanks to these biological regenerative properties, a number of investigators have studied the potential clinical benefit of PRP, also from human umbilical cord blood 7,8 , in a wide array of conditions ranging from dermatological disorders to oromaxillofacial surgery [9][10][11] In addition, a number of randomised controlled clinical trials (RCTs) have evaluated PRP use in the orthopaedic setting, particularly for tendon and ligament injuries, and several systematic reviews and meta-analysis have been subsequently published, although with contrasting results [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] . ...
... Such growth factors and cells have been shown to promote cell recruitment, proliferation and angiogenesis, which may be implicated in tissue regeneration and healing [5][6][7][8] . Thanks to these biological regenerative properties, a number of investigators have studied the potential clinical benefit of PRP, also from human umbilical cord blood 7,8 , in a wide array of conditions ranging from dermatological disorders to oromaxillofacial surgery [9][10][11] In addition, a number of randomised controlled clinical trials (RCTs) have evaluated PRP use in the orthopaedic setting, particularly for tendon and ligament injuries, and several systematic reviews and meta-analysis have been subsequently published, although with contrasting results [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] . With the aim of elucidating this controversial issue, we have performed a systematic review and meta-analysis on the efficacy of PRP as conservative treatment in orthopaedics. ...
Background:
The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the benefit of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) in non-surgical orthopaedic procedures.
Material and methods:
We searched the Cochrane Wounds Specialized Register, CENTRAL, MEDLINE (through PUBMED), Embase, and SCOPUS. We also searched clinical trials registries for ongoing and unpublished studies and checked reference lists to identify additional studies.
Results:
We found 36 randomised controlled trials (2,073 patients) that met our inclusion criteria. The included studies mostly had small numbers of participants (from 20 to 225). Twenty-eight studies included patients with lateral epicondylitis or plantar fasciitis. PRP was compared to local steroids injection (19 studies), saline injection (6 studies), autologous whole blood (4 studies), local anaesthetic injection (3 studies), dry needling injection (3 studies), and to other comparators (4 studies). Primary outcomes were pain and function scores, and adverse events. On average, it is unclear whether or not use of PRP compared to controls reduces pain scores and functional score at short- (up to 3 months) and medium- (4-6 months) term follow-up. The available evidence for all the comparisons was rated as very low quality due to inconsistency, imprecision, and risk of bias in most of the selected studies. There were no serious adverse events related to PRP injection or control treatments.
Conclusions:
The results of this meta-analysis, which documents the very marginal effectiveness of PRP compared to controls, does not support the use of PRP as conservative treatment in orthopaedics.
Background:
The number of articles evaluating the efficacy of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) in androgenetic alopecia (AGA) and alopecia areata (AA) has increased exponentially during the last years. This systematic review and meta-analysis is aimed at evaluating the benefit of PRP in the treatment of alopecia.
Material and methods:
We searched MEDLINE (through PUBMED), Embase, and CENTRAL for relevant data. Treatment effect was described by mean difference (MD) and risk difference with 95% confidence intervals (CI). The GRADE system was used to assess the certainty of the body of evidence.
Results:
We found 27 controlled trials (1,117 subjects) that met our inclusion criteria: 18 trials (713 subjects) in patients with AGA, and 9 (404 subjects) in patients with AA. Eleven studies had a split head design. There was heterogeneity in types of PRP (e.g., activated and non-activated) and administration schedules. PRP was compared to saline injections (18 studies), local steroid injections (4 studies) and other comparators (5 studies). Most commonly reported outcomes were hair density and hair regrowth. It was not possible to pool all outcome data because of heterogeneity in reporting, and because reporting was often limited to a single study. Compared to saline injections, PRP injections increased hair density over a medium-term follow-up (MD, 25.6 hairs/cm2; 95 % CI: 2.62-48.57), but the evidence was rated as low quality due to inconsistency and risk of bias. In individuals with AA, it is unclear whether PRP injection compared with triamcinolone injection increase the rate of subjects with hair regrowth (very-low quality of evidence due to inconsistency, imprecision, and risk of bias). There were no serious adverse events related to PRP injection or control treatments.
Conclusions:
There is limited evidence showing benefit of PRP for treatment of alopecia, and most of this evidence is of low quality.
Dental problems including cavities, periodontitis, apical periodontitis, and pulpitis are among the most cost-consuming burden for both patients and the health care system all over the world. The pathological consequences of these complications importantly lead to tooth loss causing functional and psychological conflictions for patients. The traditional treatment includes removing the impaired tooth or its restoration using hard restorative materials that are supposed to mimic the tissue of enamel or dentine whereas these materials cannot simulate the chemical, biological, or physical characteristics of a natural tooth. Therefore, different daily-progressing methods of tissue engineering (TE) are being propounded as new and promising approaches for managing dentistry conflicts. TE is now considered almost a practical, reproducible, and clinically safe therapy for regenerating different oral and dental tissues including either the whole dental organ or its various anatomical parts. TE is necessarily constituting three angles of stem cell (SC), scaffold, and essential growth factors (GFs). Generally, scaffolds can be made of decellularized scaffolds (usually containing the extra-cellular matrix (ECM) of target organs and tissues) or biologic scaffolds (containing natural polymer). The current study aims to review the studies conducted in the recent decade on decellularized and biological scaffolds and their potential applications in modern regenerative dentistry.
