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... They cannot provide a side nor backside view of objects. Conversely, volumetric 3D displays, which provide light pixels in a real 3D space, can enable observation from universal directions without the need for special eyeglasses [8]- [16]. Typical volumetric displays have been developed using rotating light emitting diode (LED) arrays; however, they suffer from not only mechanical difficulty due to rotating heavy LED arrays but also low resolution [17]- [21]. ...
Herein, we propose a volumetric 3D display in which cross-sectional images are projected onto a rotating helix screen. The method employed by this display can enable image observation from universal directions. A major challenge associated with this method is the presence of invisible regions that occur depending on the observation angle. This study aimed to fabricate a mirror-image helix screen with two helical surfaces coaxially arranged in a plane-symmetrical configuration. The visible region was actually measured to be larger than the visible region of the conventional helix screen. We confirmed that the improved visible region was almost independent of the observation angle and that the visible region was almost equally wide on both the left and right sides of the rotation axis.
Volumetric displays permit electronically processed images to be depicted within a transparent physical volume and enable a range of cues to depth to be inherently associated with image content. Further, images can be viewed directly by multiple simultaneous observers who are able to change vantage positions in a natural way. On the basis of research to date, we assume that the technologies needed to implement useful volumetric displays able to support translucent image formation are available. Consequently, in this paper we review aspects of the volumetric paradigm and identify important issues which have, to date, precluded their successful commercialization. Potentially advantageous characteristics are outlined and demonstrate that significant research is still needed in order to overcome barriers which continue to hamper the effective exploitation of this display modality. Given the recent resurgence of interest in developing commercially viable general purpose volumetric systems, this discussion is of particular relevance.
In current literature there is an increasing tendency to assume that the geometrical retinal disparities associated with binocular vision are a fundamental prerequisite for stereopsis. This informal document is intended to question this hypothesis by providing a general introduction to alternative approaches which can enable 3D spatial perception to be experienced without recourse to the binocular parallax cue to depth. These were exploited well before the invention of the stereoscope and in the mid 18th century formed the basis for the first commercial sales of 3D-like viewing devices and content. Despite extensive ongoing research (primarily undertaken by the arts and vision science communities) the 3D perception phenomena discussed here are not properly understood but have the potential to enhance our knowledge of the visual system. In addition this interdisciplinary field of research may influence the development and application of IVR and larger format high-definition display systems.
