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An illustration of the fish cephalic-lateralis system consisting of neuromast sensors that run across canals on the head and body (Source: Adapted from Nelson, 1972 and Iwata and Jeon, 1995).
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Taxonomists, ecologists, geneticists or researchers from other biological fields who wish to adopt fish as a constituent of their studies often become discouraged when they find that ichthyology is a complex subject. In fish-based studies, the failure to recognize fishes as distinct biological units can lead to wrong diagnosis. Hence, this review p...
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Sciades couma Valenciennes, 1864 se conoce como bragalhão, bagre blanco o bagre común. Tiene una amplia distribución geográfica y habita los ambientes de estuarios / dulceacuícolas. Teniendo en cuenta la falta de datos en la literatura sobre su osteología, este estudio tuvo como objetivo describir el esqueleto de S. couma para ayudar a futuros estu...
In a recent expedition to the rio Grande basin, a tributary of the rio Paraná in southern Brazil, individuals of the armoured catfish genus Hypostomus with a peculiar and beautiful colour pattern composed of pale vermiculations on the head and four to five horizontal stripes on the flanks were collected. Initially, the specimens were identified as...
The article provides a brief biography of the ichthyologist Dmitry Nikolayevich Taliev (1908–1952), as well as information and illustrations for 24 taxa described by him from the White Sea (Gadidae – one subspecies), the coast of the Sea of Okhotsk (Salmonidae – one subspecies), Lake Baikal (Cottidae – 2 species and 4 subspecies; Abyssocottidae – 6...
The Indonesian greeneye spurdog (or a dogfish shark), Squalus montalbani Whitley, 1931, is widely distributed in the warm temperate to tropical waters of Indonesia, Philippines, the island of Taiwan, and Australia. Previous studies suggested that the distribution of dogfish shark species in the South China Sea is composed of two species, Squalus mi...
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Citations
... However, its relevance to management strategies for the conservation of wild species has gained real momentum with the gradual advancement of molecular biology techniques [39,40]. Nevertheless, the traditional practice of morphometric identification of fish species has not been ruled out totally [41][42][43]. So, in this study, we tried to amalgamate the above two techniques to go hand-in-hand for the identification of wild-type fishes and their man-made or natural hybrids. ...
Background
Interspecific hybrids of rohu (Labeo rohita) and catla (Labeo catla) are common, especially in India due to constrained breeding. These hybrids must segregate from their wild parents as part of conservational strategies. This study intended to screen the hybrids from wild rohu and catla parents using both morphometric and molecular approaches.
Methods & Results
The carp samples were collected from Jharkhand and West Bengal, India. The correlation and regression analysis of morphometric features are considered superficial but could be protracted statistically by clustering analysis and further consolidated by nucleotide variations of one mitochondrial and one nuclear gene to differentiate hybrids from their parents. Out of 21 morphometric features, 6 were used for clustering analysis that exhibited discrete separation among rohu, catla, and their hybrids when the data points were plotted in a low-dimensional 2-D plane using the first 2 principal components. Out of 40 selected single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) positions of the COX1 gene, hybrid showed 100% similarity with catla. Concerning SNP similarity of the 18S rRNA nuclear gene, the hybrid showed 100% similarity with rohu but not with catla; exhibiting its probable parental inheritance.
Conclusions
Along with morphometric analysis, the SNP comparison study together points towards strong evidence of interspecific hybridization between rohu and catla, as these hybrids share both morphological and molecular differences with either parent. However, this study will help screen the hybrids from their wild parents, as a strategy for conservational management.
... Science used the morphological differences of the species as basic parameters to identify a species throughout the 19 th and early 20 th centuries (Keat-Chuan Ng, Aun-Chuan Ooi,Wong, & Khoo, 2017). Species are the main unit of evolution and some development issues cannot be approached without clarifying their meaning. ...
SSpecies of the genus Pimelodella(Eigenmann &Eigenmann, 1988) present many similar morphological characteristics, which makes taxonomic identification difficult. Some species present morphological distinction and reproduce normally, while others present reproductive isolation without morphological distinction. Taking that into consideration, we used starch-gel electrophoresis of enzymes to compare two species of the genus Pimelodellacollected in Paraná, Ivaí and Pirapó rivers of the Upper Paraná River basin. We analyzed the liver and muscle tissue of 82 Pimelodella avanhandavaeand 29 Pimelodella gracilisindividuals, which revealed few genetic differences between species. In addition, we carried out an experimental design based on the separation of four populations: P. avanhandavae, Parana River (n = 37); P. avanhandavae, Ivaí River (n = 6); P. gracilis, Ivaí River (n = 29); P. avanhandavae, Pirapó River (n = 39). The high proportions of polymorphic locias well as the expected heterozygosity suggest that both species have high genetic variability. Nei’s genetic identity values and Wright's fixation indices revealed a large genetic proximity between the samples collected in Ivaí and Pirapó rivers, regardless of the species analyzed. The presence of fixed alleles at one hundred percent for two locishowed that P. avanhandavaeindividuals collected in the Parana River are genetically distant from all remaining populations. Data indicated that P. avanhandavae, collected in this river, constitutes a distinguished species from those collected in Ivaí and Pirapó rivers. Therefore, we suggest, that more studies with molecular markers be carried out with the genus, as well as a review of the diagnostic morphological characteristics used to separate P. avanhandavaefrom P. gracilis.
... The concept of designing a fin inspired by a caudal fin, the distinctive tail fins found in aquatic animals, represents an exciting intersection of biology and engineering [12]. The caudal fin is an essential feature found in various aquatic creatures, such as fish, sharks, dolphins, and whales [24]. The intricate structure and efficient functionality of caudal fins have inspired engineers and researchers to incorporate these natural designs into various human-made systems for the experiment. ...
... Caudal fin type (A: round, B: truncate, C: emarginate, D: forked, and E: lunate)[24]. ...
In recent years, underwater robotics has become very important because it can be applied to various fields such as underwater exploration, underwater inspection, marine industry, and environmental monitoring. Fin plays an essential role in the movement of underwater robots, providing operation, control, and efficient propulsion. This research aims to design and develop a unique robotic fin for underwater robots to improve their handling and propulsion efficiency. The goal is to improve the power density and propulsion efficiency of underwater survey robots. The study is based on a comprehensive analysis of experience and a performance evaluation. Five types of tail fin models were used in the study. The experimental results showed that the performance of the fin design can be compared with existing configurations under different conditions. The best design parameters will be determined by analyzing the experimental results. The results of this study will contribute to underwater robotics by providing a concept of the principles of fin design and its impact on the performance of robotics.
... The terminal mouth position is generally owned by species that prefer to bite their prey and they are carnivorous fishes (Alves et al. 2021). The sagittiform body shape strengthens the characteristics of A. panchax as a predator that quickly ambushes its prey as ambush predator (Senay et al. 2017;Burns and Sidlauskas 2019), especially insects or their larvae that fall on the surface of the water (larvivorous or insectivorous fishes) (Gupta and Banerjee 2013;Ng et al. 2017). Mustikasari et al (2020) reveal morphological variation of blue panchax lives in different habitat assessed using truss morphometric. ...
Kepala timah fish or blue panchax is one of the species found at acidic waters of abandoned ex-tin mining pond. Kepala timah fish belongs to the extremophile fishes which can survive in extreme aquatic environments caused by pressure from environmental factors. This study aimed to confirm the kepala timah fish as a species of Aplocheilus panchax and to analyze its natural food habits. Molecular analysis through DNA barcoding was carried out by analyzing the COI gene and confirming the sequence of kepala timah fish in the gene bank on the NCBI website and constructing a phylogenetic tree for kepala timah fish to other A. panchax populations. Analysis of food habits was carried out by identifying the contents of the digestive tract of kepala timah fish which were observed microscopically. The results showed that kepala timah fish found at acidic waters of abandoned ex-tin mining pond was confirmed as Aplocheilus panchax Hamilton, 1822. Some morphological characters confirmed the similarity between kepala timah fish and A. panchax such as a silvery white spot on its head, terminal type of the mouth position, body shape was sagittiform, small dorsal fin on posterior body, and the shape of the caudal fin was rounded or rhomboid. Analysis of the contents of digestive tract showed the food habits of A. panchax found at acidic waters of ex-tin mining pond was insects. The food habits explained that A. panchax was classified as larvivorous or insectivorous fishes. The presence of A. panchax and its metabolic activity at abandoned ex-tin mining ponds can contributed to increasing organic matter in the waters so that it can be beneficial for improving water quality.
... Alves et al. (2021) menambahkan bahwa mulut bertipe terminal umumnya dimiliki oleh ikan karnivora yang lebih suka menggigit atau merebut mangsanya. Karakteristik lain yang mendukung sifat dari ikan kepala timah adalah tubuh berbentuk anak panah (sagittiform) yang mengindikasikan ikan kepala timah merupakan predator penyergap cepat (Senay et al, 2017;Burns dan Sidlauskas, 2019), terutama larva serangga atau serangga yang jatuh di permukaan air serhingga dikenal sebagai (larvivorous fishes atau insectivorous fishes) (Gupta dan Banerjee, 2013;Ng et al, 2017). ...
Abstrak Kepala Timah (Aplocheilus panchax, Hamilton 1822) merupakan salah satu ikan yang memiliki kemampuan bertahan hidup di berbagai kualitas perairan. Kemampuan A. panchax bertahan hidup di perairan asam mulai banyak dipelajari sebagai ikan extremofil untuk mempelajari ekosistem pada habitat perairan yang memiliki karakteristik asam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kebiasaan makan A. panchax sebagai pakan alami pada air asam bekas kegiatan penambangan timah yang terbengkalai. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pakan alami A. panchax adalah larva serangga atau serangga yang jatuh di permukaan perairan. Kebiasaan makan dan tipe mulut terminal menegaskan bahwa A. panchax adalah ikan pemakan permukaan, ikan karnivora, ikan pemakan larva atau pemakan serangga. Tipe tubuh sagittiform digunakan A. panchax untuk melakukan strategi perilaku makan dengan mengejar atau menyergap mangsanya dan hal ini menandakan bahwa A. panchax sebagai predator penyergap. Abstract Kepala Timah (Aplocheilus panchax, Hamilton 1822) is one of the fish that has the survival abilities to live in a wide variety of quality waters. The ability of A. panchax to survive in acidic waters has begun to be widely studied as extremophile fish to study ecosystems in aquatic habitats that have acidic characteristics. This study aimed to determine the food habits of A. panchax as natural food in acid water of abandoned ex-tin mining activity. The results showed that the natural food for A. panchax was insects larvae or insects that fall on the surface of the waters. The food habits and terminal mouth type confirmed that A. panchax was surface feeder fish, carnivorous fish, larvivorous or insectivorous fish. The sagittiform body type was used A. panchax to did the strategy of feeding behavior by pursue or ambush their prey and it indicated that A. panchax as ambush predator.
... En cuanto a las aletas; longitud de la aleta pectoral, pélvica, dorsal, anal y caudal, espesor y longitud del pedúnculo caudal y longitud furcal de la aleta caudal. En cuanto a la región cefálica, longitud y espesor de la cabeza, número de las hendiduras branquiales, diámetro ocular, espesor interorbital y altura de la boca (Wong & Khoo, 2017 Se utilizó la metodología descrita por Jiménez & Hortal, 2003 para evaluar la calidad de nuestro inventario biológico, a su vez, para la ecuación de Clench que es la que utilizaremos, con el número de registros en una base de datos como unidad de esfuerzo, a partir de proporciones superiores al 70% las estimas de la riqueza asintótica se hacen estables. Es decir que a no ser que se al menos que se alcance el número asintótico de especies, no existen criterios objetivos que permitan decidir cuándo se considera un inventario lo suficientemente completo. ...
Los vertebrados son un grupo de cordados muy diversos y antiguos, con gran historia. Por esta razón este grupo presenta gran diversidad entre quienes los conforman, ya sea en forma, estructura o hábitos, razón por la cual, han logrado colonizar y adaptarse a una gran variedad de ambientes, incluidos muchos difíciles e inhóspitos. El presente estudio tiene como objetivo estudiar la diversidad biológica y los aspectos ecológicos de la fauna de vertebrados presentes en Sogay (anexo Yarabamba) mediante la realización de un inventario de la fauna de vertebrados en el pueblo de Sogay, la determinación de la abundancia relativa y curva de acumulación de vertebrados, además del registro de especies categorizadas como protegidas, endémicas e invasoras. Para ello, se definieron 4 áreas de trabajo correspondientes Matorral arbustivo, monte ribereño, zona agrícola y río, en los que se utilizaron diferentes metodologías para el muestreo, identificación y procesamiento de la fauna de vertebrados en Sogay. Para el muestreo de aves se utilizó la metodología de puntos de conteo, redes de niebla y avistamiento no sistematizado. Para mamíferos se utilizó un muestreo con trampas de golpeo y cebos para mamíferos menores no voladores, redes de niebla para los voladores y entrevistas complementadas con muestreos indirectos para los mamíferos grandes. Para la herpetofauna se realizó un muestreo utilizando la metodología VES en el área de Matorral arbustivo. Para la ictiofauna se realizó un muestreo directo con el uso de redes de cuchara. Los resultados dentro del inventario incluyeron 29 especies de aves, 2 de anfibios, 1 de peces, 1 de reptiles y 4 de mamíferos, siendo las más abundantes dentro de aves son Zonotrichia capensis, Turdus chiguanco, Metriopelia ceciliae, Troglodytes aedon, dentro de mamíferos a Phyllotis magister y dentro de anfibios a Rhinella arequipensis. La curva de acumulación de especies arrojó un 60.4% de especies registradas, no alcanzándose la asíntota, por lo que se concluye que, si se realizan más muestreos en la zona, es probable encontrar nuevas especies que no se han registrado en este trabajo. Se lograron categorizar las especies como protegidas, endémicas e invasoras. Las especies protegidas del área de Sogay fueron Rhinella arequipensis, Leptasthenura sp.Trichomycterus sp. y Nothoprocta sp. Las especies endémicas fueron únicamente a Leptasthenura sp, mientras que todas las demás son residentes, identificándose a Passer domesticus y a Oryctolagus cuniculus como especies introducidas.
... Alves et al. (2021) menambahkan bahwa mulut bertipe terminal umumnya dimiliki oleh ikan karnivora yang lebih suka menggigit atau merebut mangsanya. Karakteristik lain yang mendukung sifat dari ikan kepala timah adalah tubuh berbentuk anak panah (sagittiform) yang mengindikasikan ikan kepala timah merupakan predator penyergap cepat (Senay et al, 2017;Burns dan Sidlauskas, 2019), terutama larva serangga atau serangga yang jatuh di permukaan air serhingga dikenal sebagai (larvivorous fishes atau insectivorous fishes) (Gupta dan Banerjee, 2013;Ng et al, 2017). ...
Abstrak [Cambria, 11 pt] Kepala Timah (Aplocheilus panchax, Hamilton 1822) merupakan salah satu ikan yang memiliki kemampuan bertahan hidup di berbagai kualitas perairan. Kemampuan A. panchax bertahan hidup di perairan asam mulai banyak dipelajari sebagai ikan extremofil untuk mempelajari ekosistem pada habitat perairan yang memiliki karakteristik asam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kebiasaan makan A. panchax sebagai pakan alami pada air asam bekas kegiatan penambangan timah yang terbengkalai. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pakan alami A. panchax adalah larva serangga atau serangga yang jatuh di permukaan perairan. Kebiasaan makan dan tipe mulut terminal menegaskan bahwa A. panchax adalah ikan pemakan permukaan, ikan karnivora, ikan pemakan larva atau pemakan serangga. Tipe tubuh sagittiform digunakan A. panchax untuk melakukan strategi perilaku makan dengan mengejar atau menyergap mangsanya dan hal ini menandakan bahwa A. panchax sebagai predator penyergap. Abstract [Cambria, 11 pt] Kepala Timah (Aplocheilus panchax, Hamilton 1822) is one of the fish that has the survival abilities to live in a wide variety of quality waters. The ability of A. panchax to survive in acidic waters has begun to be widely studied as extremophile fish to study ecosystems in aquatic habitats that have acidic characteristics. This study aimed to determine the food habits of A. panchax as natural food in acid water of abandoned ex-tin mining activity. The results showed that the natural food for A. panchax was insects larvae or insects that fall on the surface of the waters. The food habits and terminal mouth type confirmed that A. panchax was surface feeder fish, carnivorous fish, larvivorous or insectivorous fish. The sagittiform body type was used A. panchax to did the strategy of feeding behavior by pursue or ambush their prey and it indicated that A. panchax as ambush predator.
... Alves et al. (2021) menambahkan bahwa mulut bertipe terminal umumnya dimiliki oleh ikan karnivora yang lebih suka menggigit atau merebut mangsanya. Karakteristik lain yang mendukung sifat dari ikan kepala timah adalah tubuh berbentuk anak panah (sagittiform) yang mengindikasikan ikan kepala timah merupakan predator penyergap cepat (Senay et al, 2017;Burns dan Sidlauskas, 2019), terutama larva serangga atau serangga yang jatuh di permukaan air serhingga dikenal sebagai (larvivorous fishes atau insectivorous fishes) (Gupta dan Banerjee, 2013;Ng et al, 2017). ...
Kepala Timah (Aplocheilus panchax, Hamilton 1822) is one of the fish that has the survival abilities to live in a wide variety of quality waters. The ability of A. panchax to survive in acidic waters has begun to be widely studied as extremophile fish to study ecosystems in aquatic habitats that have acidic characteristics. This study aimed to determine the food habits of A. panchax as natural food in acid water of abandoned ex-tin mining activity. The results showed that the natural food for A. panchax was insects larvae or insects that fall on the surface of the waters. The food habits and terminal mouth type confirmed that A. panchax was surface feeder fish, carnivorous fish, larvivorous or insectivorous fish. The sagittiform body type was used A. panchax to did the strategy of feeding behavior by pursue or ambush their prey and it indicated that A. panchax as ambush predator.
... The name "fish" is frequently used to refer to a class of aquatic, poikilothermic (cold-blooded), gill-breathing vertebrates in the phylum Chordata (Keat-Chuan et al., 2017;Nelson, 2006). Fish are classified into two types: cartilaginous fish (such as sharks and stingrays) and bony fish. ...
Fish products are very susceptible to microbial contamination, rendering them perishable thus challenging the customers health.
The goal of this study was to determine the molecular identification and bacterial isolates diversity obtained from infected fish
skin, gills, and fins obtained from lakes Alzarkan village in Wasit Province of Iraq during the period (October 2021- May
2022). A total of 50 fish were collected and 100 samples of organ lesions were taken. For bacterial identification, the tissuees
of the fish were as cut with a sterile knife and blended in the buffered peptone water. Molecular identification and the obtained
PCR product were are subjected to using the primers for Flavobacterium columnare, Edwardsiella ictaluri and Aeromonas
salmonicida. Molecular analyseis revealed bacterial strains high proportion of Flavobacterium columnare identification was
20/50 (40%). The higher identification rates of Flavobacterium columnare in skin 10/20 (5%), in gills 7/20 (35%) and in fins
3/20 (15%). Accurate identification of the 20 isolated Flavobacterium columnare were confirmed by PCR. For identifying
certain diseases, molecular approaches provided sensitive, rapid, and precise data without the need for time-consuming
traditional techniques. The Edwardsiella ictaluri and Aeromonas salmonicida were not identified. While Flavobacterium
columnare termed to be first molecular proof as a farmed fish pathogen in Iraq.
... To overcome the challenges of identifying species with limited morphological information, both morphological and molecular analyses were employed. Accurate identification of species can be difficult when there is a lack of detailed morphological characters available (Cadrin, 2000) (Ng et al., 2017). Therefore, using a combination of identification methods is recommended to ensure accuracy, as relying on a single method may lead to erroneous results (Cadrin, 2000), Ali, Yousef, Hegab, & Khalifa, 2018, Ali, Ismail, & Aly, 2020 Combining different morphological characters and DNA markers enhances species identification (Waldman, Richards, Schill, Wirgin, & Fabrizio, 1997). ...
This study presents the first record of a spiny eel species from the family Mastacembelidae in the Nile Delta region of Egypt, where this family was previously thought to be absent except in the Aswa River and Lake Victoria. Morphological and molecular methods were employed to confirm the identification of the newly identified species, based on seven collected specimens. Morphometric and meristic characters were used to compare the new species with other African and Asian Mastacembelidae and confirm its geographic distribution. In addition, molecular markers were used to further confirm the identification of mitochondrial genome [Cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI), Cytochrome b (Cyt b), and D- loop], in integration with one nuclear marker [the first intron of the ribosomal nuclear marker S7 (RPS7)]. Results indicate that the newly reported species belongs to the genus Mastacembelus and is a close relative of Mastacembelus frenatus. This report of a new African species in the River Nile Delta expands our understanding of the geographical distribution range of the Mastacembelidae family.
