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8 An illustration how CDMA works and why the effect of a spread spectrum signal is similar to that of a white noise. (a) The combination of the spread signals of MD 1 and MD 2 and the noise. It should be noticed that noise has a bandwidth that is wider than the bandwidth of the spread spectrum signals. (b) Despreading of the received signal by using the code sequence of MD 1 . (c) Filtering out the narrowband, information carrying signal of MD 1 .

8 An illustration how CDMA works and why the effect of a spread spectrum signal is similar to that of a white noise. (a) The combination of the spread signals of MD 1 and MD 2 and the noise. It should be noticed that noise has a bandwidth that is wider than the bandwidth of the spread spectrum signals. (b) Despreading of the received signal by using the code sequence of MD 1 . (c) Filtering out the narrowband, information carrying signal of MD 1 .

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This chapter makes a connection between, on the one side, the channel uses in a wireless communication channel and, on the other side the actual data carrying signals that occur in time. This is instrumental to create the physical basis for the notion of time used in medium access control protocols and other protocols running at the higher layers....