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An example of the misconception of 2 × 2 tables: [26] I, original tables; II, corrected gross tables; III, corrected contingency tables. LC, Lung Cancer; NLC, No Lung Cancer; SM, Smoker, NSM, NonSmoker.

An example of the misconception of 2 × 2 tables: [26] I, original tables; II, corrected gross tables; III, corrected contingency tables. LC, Lung Cancer; NLC, No Lung Cancer; SM, Smoker, NSM, NonSmoker.

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Figure 2. Visual demonstration of the CBES misconception. Left column...
Figure 3. Example of 2 × 2 tables: I, Pearson's example; [19] II,...
Figure 6. An example of the misconception of 2 × 2 tables: [26] I,...
Properties of variance, covariance, and correlation.
+1 An example of analytical model for effect size versus correlation
Revisiting Statistics and Evidence-Based Medicine: On the Fallacy of the Effect Size Based on Correlation and Misconception of Contingency Tables
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  • Aug 2021
Evidence-based medicine (EBM) is in crisis, in part due to bad methods, which are understood as misuse of statistics that is considered correct in itself. This article exposes two related common misconceptions in statistics, the effect size (ES) based on correlation (CBES) and a misconception of contingency tables (MCT). CBES is a fallacy based on...
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Context 1
... example of the consequences of these misconceptions is shown in Figure 6. Section I presents example CTs (Table 1-3) taken from a credible source. ...
Context 2
... 5. Significance and association error due to misconception of contingency tables ( Figure 3II). The example in Figure 6 shows that the MCT is threatening, because much of the findings obtained from CTs can be misleading. The misconception is widespread: the idea of CT is typically explained using GCTs; [11,26,35] BCTs are misleadingly referred to as CTs; [17,26] CTs are often (mostly?) ...