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To describe the methodological procedures of a multi-centre focus group research for obtaining content categories also suitable for categorical statistical analyses.
Inductive content analyses were performed on a subsample of 27 focus groups conducted in three different countries, the Netherlands (Utrecht), the UK (Liverpool) and Italy (Verona). Th...
Contexts in source publication
Context 1
... participants will repeat their opinions about the same doctor or on doctors in general. If this happens in a new turn, the statement will be coded but marked with an R in order to be able to calibrate its proper weight in contributing to the discussion. The R will not be used when the same opinion is given about different student doctors. Fig. 3 illustrates the set up of the excel file for the coding procedure (Fig. 3) which, in addition to the data above, contains the: -Number of the focus groups from 1 to 35. -Identification number of the participant who makes the statement to allow analyses according to participants' different background characteristics, collected at ...
Context 2
... on doctors in general. If this happens in a new turn, the statement will be coded but marked with an R in order to be able to calibrate its proper weight in contributing to the discussion. The R will not be used when the same opinion is given about different student doctors. Fig. 3 illustrates the set up of the excel file for the coding procedure (Fig. 3) which, in addition to the data above, contains the: -Number of the focus groups from 1 to 35. -Identification number of the participant who makes the statement to allow analyses according to participants' different background characteristics, collected at baseline. -Verbal turn numbers. -Text of the statement. -Identification number of ...
Citations
... Due to time constraints, we could not organize sessions for experts to discuss the videos on which they disagree. As shown in literature (Moretti et al., 2011), this can improve the IRR. Disagreement among our experts, however, was an important indicator of the task's difficulty. ...
Many people today watch news videos to get informed. However, news videos can frame information differently and be prone to bias, which might lead to miscommunication. Bias is ubiquitous and inherent in interactions between news consumer groups, but framing can introduce additional bias in news communications. For example, citizens who interpret the news have different political orientations and, thus, understand them differently. Experts can be more capable of detecting biased or differently framed information. However, the ever-increasing amount of news videos also makes it difficult for experts alone to analyze. While automated methods exist for identifying different types of bias, frame detection approaches, namely episodic and thematic framing, are scarce and focused on texts. In this work, we address the issue of scalable thematic and episodic frame detection in news videos through crowdsourcing and machine learning techniques. We design a crowdsourcing task for annotating thematic and episodic framing in videos with the help of domain experts in political and social sciences. We then use the annotations from experts and crowds to investigate whether machine learning methods can scale up the annotation process by automatically labeling videos on episodic and thematic framing. Our results indicate that framing analysis is challenging for both humans and machines, with high disagreement amongst experts and crowd annotators. Nevertheless, our results suggest that machine learning has potential by combining crowd and expert annotations and building upon them a classifier.
... Our study used an inductive, qualitative content analysis to generate findings, as guided by [81]. This qualitative analysis strategy allowed us to gather and interpret information from the informants without imposing preconceived theoretical ideas on it [81][82][83]. ...
... Our study used an inductive, qualitative content analysis to generate findings, as guided by [81]. This qualitative analysis strategy allowed us to gather and interpret information from the informants without imposing preconceived theoretical ideas on it [81][82][83]. To coherently perform this analysis, coding (smallest meaning units) was used as key constructs that were later categorized into themes [79]. ...
Fishing is crucial to livelihoods and development. However, unsustainable practices and shocks threaten this potential, which is worsened by limited research on technologies such as drones to enhance sustainable fishing. Our study used an exploratory qualitative approach involving 48 fishermen in Alappad in Kerala. The findings revealed that fishermen use either unsustainable or traditional practices. Due to increasing familiarity with new technologies, fishermen have positive attitudes toward drone use. Using these narratives, we ideated the characteristics of feasible drone(s) for sustainable localized fishing. The success of drone adoption/use is dependent on fishermen's positive attitudes.
... Patient perspectives on the acceptability and usability of the robot intervention will be analysed using descriptive analysis for quantitative and inductive content analysis for qualitative data. 56 Intention to treat The data will be analysed according to intention to treat, although a subsequent per-protocol analysis will be carried out to check the stability of the conclusions. The multiple imputation procedure will be carried out in case of missing data. ...
Gait disorders are the most frequent symptomsassociated to multiple sclerosis (MS). Robot-assistedgait training (RAGT) in people with MS (PwMS) has beenproposed as a possible effective treatment option forsevere motor disability without significant superioritywhen compared to intensive overground gait training(OGT). Furthermore, RAGT at high intensity may enhancefatigue and spasticity. This study aims to evaluatethe effects of a low-intensity RAGT at progressivelyincreasing intensity compared to conventional RAGTand OGT in PwMS and moderate to severe walkingimpairment. 24 PwMS will be recruited and assignedto one of the three treatment groups: low-intensityRAGT at progressively increasing intensity, conventionalRAGT and OGT. All participants will receive 3-weeklytreatment sessions of 3 hours each for 4 weeks. In thefirst 2 hours of treatment, all participants will receive arehabilitation programme based on stretching exercises,muscle strengthening and educational interventions.During the last hour, subjects will undergo specificgait training according to the assignment group.Outcomes will be assessed before and after treatmentand at 3-month follow-up. The primary outcome iswalking speed. Secondary outcomes include mobilityand balance, psychological measures, muscle oxygenconsumption, electrical and haemodynamic brainactivity, urinary biomarkers, usability, and acceptabilityof robotic devices for motor rehabilitation. The resultsof this study will provide a safe, affordable and non-operator-dependent, intervention for PwMS. Results interms of functional, psychological, neurophysiologicaland biological outcomes will confirm our hypothesis. Thestudy’s trial registration number: NCT06381440
... The approach was deductive and inductive. Firstly, the deductive approach was used, as we began by identifying key concepts or variables as initial coding categories of analysis using an existing theory [30]. Secondly, for each initial category, the inductive approach was used to identify additional codes through the comments of the participants. ...
Introduction
Breastfeeding has many benefits for both mothers and children. The World Health Organization recommends exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months of life. However, in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, slightly under half of children under six months are exclusively breastfed. This study aimed to describe breastfeeding practices and to explore perceived social norms regarding breastfeeding among mothers in Kinshasa.
Materials and methods
A qualitative descriptive study was conducted in Kinshasa from June to July 2013. This study purposively sampled 54 mothers of infants aged 6 to 12 months, who participated in six focus group discussions. Based on the Theory of Planned Behaviour, the discussion guide explored infant feeding in the first six months, knowledge of breastfeeding, perception of the feasibility of exclusive breastfeeding, and perception of the social norms with regard to exclusive breastfeeding. The content analysis approach was used to analyse data.
Results
Mothers had good breastfeeding knowledge; however, few of them had practised exclusive breastfeeding as recommended during the first six months. Exclusive breastfeeding was considered unfeasible in their context. Barriers to exclusive breastfeeding were reported as baby’s cries, social pressure, warm climate, and poor maternal diet. Social norms were supportive of breastfeeding but unfavourable to exclusive breastfeeding.
Conclusion
In Kinshasa, mothers have a good knowledge of breastfeeding. However, few practise exclusive breastfeeding. Social pressure plays an important role in the cessation of exclusive breastfeeding before six months. In order to improve the practice of exclusive breastfeeding in this context, social and behaviour change programmes should target the entire population rather than mothers only.
... This study used a qualitative methodology. Qualitative approaches have the advantages of abundant data collection, valid coding, and trustworthy interpretation (Moretti et al., 2011). This study draws on literature reviews from a variety of online journals that are indexed by Scopus. ...
The purpose of this study is to assess the state of research on digital financial inclusion. The method is a qualitative one that makes use of secondary data from articles that were published and indexed by Scopus between 2005 and 2022. This data was processed using Microsoft Excel 16 and analyzed using Nvivo 12 Plus software, which performs automatic coding and classification to create a structured file system. The results of this study suggest that Islamic economic research is beginning to increasingly focus on digital financial inclusion. The majority of the 595 articles that were published claimed that the economy and mobile services are related to digital financial inclusion. “Financial”, “digital”, “inclusion”, “services”, “study”, “development”, “mobile”, “finance”, “technology”, and “economics” are the words that frequently appear with the most frequency in journals with digital financial inclusion subjects. Unusually, there are variations in the sentiment analysis findings. Whereas the sentiment is relatively favorable when it is evaluated based on the title, index keywords, and abstract, the sentiment is quite negative when it is evaluated based on the author keywords. This study is anticipated to contribute to the present academic studies on digital financial inclusion. The results of terms that still have room to grow can be used to guide future studies on digital financial inclusion.
... Criteria used to elect participants should be detailed to determine the transferability of the results to other contexts (Moretti et al., 2011). The selection of participants for this study was based on three main criteria. ...
This study aims to investigate the experiences and outcomes of intercultural service encounters between hotel employees and customers, including the underlying factors attributed to these outcomes. A qualitative research approach using the critical incident technique was adopted by conducting 20 semi-structured interviews with hotel employees who frequently engaged in intercultural service encounters with Chinese tourists. The findings revealed that critical incidents were mainly attributed to cultural differences in language, customs, and preferences. These cultural differences with Chinese guests can lead to outcomes such as service failures, which can be a stressor for hotel employees in Australia and trigger emotions such as frustration and intimidation. The study found that non-cultural factors such as the characteristics of customers and service employees can impact the outcome of an intercultural service encounter. This study contributes to intercultural service encounters literature by offering a new perspective from service providers’ viewpoint on their intercultural interactions. It is imperative for hotels to comprehend and work through these cultural differences to succeed in the global hospitality market. Moreover, this study offers important practical implications for hotels regarding how to best facilitate intercultural service encounters to ensure positive outcomes for both customers and service employees.
... Deductive content analysis uses preconceived categories and researchers analyze the data according to previously formulated categories (Kyngäs & Kaakinen, 2019). This method is especially useful when testing existing theories or hypotheses (Moretti et al., 2011). In deductive content analysis coding, a researcher develops structured analysis matrices according to relevant research or a theory (Kyngäs & Kaakinen, 2019). ...
Despite the importance of initial teacher training, no primary education courses in South Korean universities provide a compulsory course in gifted education and elec-tive courses are limited. Individual in-depth interviews with seven lecturers of gifted education courses were conducted to elicit their opinions about initial teacher education in gifted education. The lecturer interviewees suggested that there should be more of an emphasis on gifted education in initial teacher education programs. They also emphasized the importance of practical teaching experience with gifted students. The expansion of initial teacher education in gifted education in South Korea has the potential to improve preservice teachers' understanding gifted students, ultimately improving the outcomes of this population.
... Data must be frequently and adequately summarized for evaluation in tables, graphs, and other graphical displays. In addition, other advantages of qualitative methods are richness in data collection, valid coding, and reliable interpretation (Moretti et al., 2011). ...
This study attempts to map research related to Halal pharmaceutical in Indonesia published by Dimensions indexed journals from 2006 to 2023. NVivo 12 Plus was used to conduct thematic studies and frequency was used to evaluate 109 publications in the scientific literature. The results found that there was a fluctuating number of publications from year to year related to Halal pharmaceutical research in Indonesia, indicating that this topic is an interesting topic and should continue to be developed. In addition, various foci of discussion and cluster analysis that describe research paths in Halal pharmaceutical research in Indonesia include Gelatin Source and Halal Pharmaceutical, Supply Chain Traceability in Indonesia Halal Pharmaceutical Industry, Halal Certification Challenges in Food and Pharmaceutical Industry, and Innovative Halal Alternatives in Pharmaceutical Formulations. This research can be used as a starting point for experts to build graphic visualizations of Halal pharmaceutical research patterns in Indonesia in published scientific research.
... Content analysis is a family of systematic, rule-guided techniques used to analyze the informational contents of textual data (Mayring, 2000). Content analysis is described as a method to classify written or oral materials into identified categories of similar meanings (Moretti, 2011). These categories represent either explicit or inferred communication (Hsieh & Shannon, 2005). ...
The research study explores/ analysis the portrayal of women empowerment in Pakistani drama “Ghisi Piti Mohabbat”. The drama is on aired on leading Pakistani drama channel ARY Digital. Furthermore it examines women empowerment under the following categories. The main categories will be Decision Making, Social Mobility, Confident and Financial or Economic Independence. The study analysis the portrayal of women in Pakistani drama by using qualitative method of discourse analysis in order to find out the contextual meaning of dialogues used in drama “Ghisi Piti Mohabbat”.Liberal feminist theory was employed as the theoretical frame work for the study. The finding of the study might suggest that women are shown/ represented in confidence, self-made and strong character, and shown as taking ownership of decision they take on the life. Finding further might suggest that women face many societal pressures throughout their life.
... Data must be frequently and adequately summarized for evaluation in tables, graphs, and other graphical displays. In addition, other advantages of qualitative methods are richness in data collection, valid coding, and reliable interpretation (Moretti et al., 2011). ...
This study seeks to map research related to Islamic insurance in Indonesia published by Dimensions indexed journals from 2006 to 2023. NVivo 12 Plus was used to conduct a thematic review and frequency was used to evaluate 207 publications in the scientific literature. The results found that the number of publications fluctuates from year to year related to Islamic insurance research in Indonesia, indicating that this topic is an interesting topic and must continue to be developed. In addition, various foci of discussion and cluster analysis that describe the research path in Islamic insurance research in Indonesia include Efficiency and Islamic Insurance in Indonesia, Policy and Islamic Insurance in Indonesia, Banking and Islamic Insurance in Indonesia, and Company and Islamic Insurance in Indonesia. This research can be used as a starting point for experts to build graphic visualizations of Islamic insurance research patterns in Indonesia in published scientific research.
