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An example of fingerprint enhancement and minutiae extraction by P071 method. (a) Original fingerprint; (b) Enhancement results of (a); (c) Minutiae extraction results of (a).
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Fingerprint recognition with identical twins is a challenging task due to the closest genetics-based relationship existing in the identical twins. Several pioneers have analyzed the similarity between twins' fingerprints. In this work we continue to investigate the topic of the similarity of identical twin fingerprints. Our study was tested based o...
Citations
... This type of hereditary is responsible for the great morphological variability of the dermopapillary ridges, which differ even between monozygotic twins. Therefore, this is a multifactorial and polygenic inheritance in which the environment will only have an influence during the first months of gestation because dermatoglyphics do not change once they are formed [16][17][18][19][20]. ...
... This is explained in studies that concluded that there was similarity in the fundamental types of fingerprints in monozygotic twins, but not in the fingerprint patterns, thus proving the individuality of fingerprints 36 and the non-genetic origin of the constitution of dermatoglyphs, for otherwise they would be the same in these cases, since such individuals have the same genetic load. This is confirmed by Tao and collaborators 37 , who claim that, despite having the same DNA sequence, monozygotic twins have slightly different fingerprints. Fingerprint analysis is called matching. ...
Technological advancements have generated tools to help with identifying individuals, allowing to verify identities and solve crimes by confirming found missing persons or accident victims, for example. An important ethical question, however, arises: do the ends always justify the means? Can facial identification from images collected by closed-circuit television cameras or analysis of photographic records confirm someone’s identity unequivocally? Can fingerprints or lip prints be used for any dactyloscopy? Knowing the limitations of scientific technical methods used in morphological comparisons allows examiners to comply with two fundamental constitutional principles: that of legality and right of the human person. By respecting them, examiners will be acting according to ethical limits.
... Individualism of the human being is related to its own biological characteristics. In the modern era, there is a variety of methods for the identification of human being personality [1]. One of the most popular is biometrics, which automatically identifies an individual's (person), based on his/her physiological and/or behavioral characteristics. ...
Our research study interest was to analyze the quantitative specific characteristic of primaryfingerprints in the secondary and high school students in the population of Adjara. Data from 210 individuals have been studied. For obtaining the proper image of the fingerprint pattern, classical method was used. For one of the purposes of our study, the data has been processed according to all ten fingers (n = 2100), where the frequency of distribution of each fingerprint was determined. The Loop type fingerprint was revealed in 58.29 ± 1.08% of cases; Whorl type fingerprint was revealed in 32.9±1.03% of studied individuals, while, Arched type was observed in 8.33±0.60% and only 0.48±0.15% shown Composite type of fingerprint. In our research fingerprint distribution model were as follows: Loop > Whorl > Arches > Composite. Based on obtained data on the population of Ajara, we might conclude that a variety of fingerprint patterns are not related to gender.
... Hence, the system needs to update the user's fingerprint regularly. In addition, there are known limita-tions to authenticating twins based on facial features [52] and fingerprints [53]. ...
Effective user authentication is key to ensuring equipment security, data privacy, and personalized services in Internet of Things (IoT) systems. However, conventional mode-based authentication methods (e.g., passwords and smart cards) may be vulnerable to a broad range of attacks (e.g., eavesdropping and side-channel attacks). Hence, there have been attempts to design biometric-based authentication solutions, which rely on physiological and behavioral characteristics. Behavioral characteristics need continuous monitoring and specific environmental settings, which can be challenging to implement in practice. However, we can also leverage Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the extraction and classification of physiological characteristics from IoT devices processing, to facilitate authentication. Thus, we review the literature on the use of AI in physiological characteristics recognition, published after 2015. We use the three-layer architecture of the IoT (i.e., sensing layer, feature layer, and algorithm layer) to guide the discussion of existing approaches and their limitations. We also identify a number of future research opportunities, which will hopefully guide the design of next generation solutions.
... Previous studies reported high chances of false matches in zero-effort impostor attempts in the presence of kin-relationship, in particular for monozygotic, that is, identical twins [10,11]. This effect is far less pronounced for other popular biometric characteristics, for example, fingerprint [12] or iris [13]. ...
Doppelgängers (or lookalikes) usually yield an increased probability of false matches in a facial recognition system, as opposed to random face image pairs selected for non‐mated comparison trials. In this work, the impact of doppelgängers on the HDA Doppelgänger and Disguised Faces in The Wild databases is assessed using a state‐of‐the‐art face recognition system. It is found that doppelgänger image pairs yield very high similarity scores resulting in a significant increase of false match rates. Further, a doppelgänger detection method is proposed, which distinguishes doppelgängers from mated comparison trials by analysing differences in deep representations obtained from face image pairs. The proposed detection system employs a machine learning‐based classifier, which is trained with generated doppelgänger image pairs utilising face morphing techniques. Experimental evaluations conducted on the HDA Doppelgänger and Look‐Alike Face databases reveal a detection equal error rate of approximately 2.7% for the task of separating mated authentication attempts from doppelgängers.
... This effect is far less pronounced for other popular biometric characteristics, e.g. fingerprint [12] or iris [13]. In contrast to monozygotic twins, so-called doppelgängers refer to biologically unrelated lookalikes. ...
Doppelg\"angers (or lookalikes) usually yield an increased probability of false matches in a facial recognition system, as opposed to random face image pairs selected for non-mated comparison trials. In this work, we assess the impact of doppelg\"angers on the HDA Doppelg\"anger and Disguised Faces in The Wild databases using a state-of-the-art face recognition system. It is found that doppelg\"anger image pairs yield very high similarity scores resulting in a significant increase of false match rates. Further, we propose a doppelg\"anger detection method which distinguishes doppelg\"angers from mated comparison trials by analysing differences in deep representations obtained from face image pairs. The proposed detection system employs a machine learning-based classifier, which is trained with generated doppelg\"anger image pairs utilising face morphing techniques. Experimental evaluations conducted on the HDA Doppelg\"anger and Look-Alike Face databases reveal a detection equal error rate of approximately 2.7% for the task of separating mated authentication attempts from doppelg\"angers.
... These volar pads become less prominent after 10 week of gestation period and become disappear in human embryos. Therefore, ngerprint is unique due to its variations in twin babies; it is either dizygotic (fraternal twin) or monozygotic (identical twin) [23]. Therefore, ngerprints can used to distinguish between twins and frequency of identical twins is about 0.4% across different populations [24]. ...
The aim of the present paper was to study the different anthropometric aspects used for personal identication. It is
outcome of different methods used for personal identication specically in forensic anthropology. Forensic
anthropology is the branch of physical anthropology, deals with the identication of more or less skeletonized remains or suspected of being
human. Personal identication is determination of individuality of a person in both living as well as in dead. An attempt has been made to
understand the relationship between Forensic Anthropology and Personal identication and between them and other methods. Different methods
viz. anthropometry, molecular methods (Blood group, Body uids, DNA), odontology, ngerprint, biometrics, and lip prints etc. helps for the
personal identication through the knowledge of forensic anthropology.
... It is worth noting that the mentioned effect is far less pronounced for other popular biometric characteristics, e.g. fingerprint [Ta12] or iris [DD20]. ...
... Identification and recognition of study participants in a clinical trial-during the process of recruitment and during follow-up visits-is a growing issue [1]. Conventional methods for the recognition of participants in health facilities may include patient name, date of birth, government identity card with photo, and phone number [2][3][4][5]. However, these methods are not always reliable or accurate [5]. ...
... Conventional methods for the recognition of participants in health facilities may include patient name, date of birth, government identity card with photo, and phone number [2][3][4][5]. However, these methods are not always reliable or accurate [5]. For example, identity cards can be stolen or forgotten, and there is a risk of assigning a participant's ID (intentionally or unintentionally) to another participant during a study visit. ...
... A human iris is always stable, irrespective of age [10]. This is in contrast to the fingerprint structure-the most widespread biometric method of identification-that varies during childhood and only becomes stable after many years [5,9]. Fingerprinting also carries additional risks such as spreading some infectious diseases, since it requires the participant (and, sometimes, the operator) to come in physical contact with the fingerprint device. ...
BACKGROUND
As part of an Ebola outbreak preparedness initiative, a partnership between the University of Antwerp and the University of Kinshasa, through an Innovative Medicines Initiative-European Union (project ‘EBOVAC 3’), implemented a clinical trial on an Ebola vaccine regimen to be administered to health care provider participants (HCP-P) in Tshuapa Province (Democratic Republic of the Congo). The EBOVAC3 clinical trial used iris scan technology to identify all HCP-P participating in the vaccine trial so the right participant received the right vaccine at the right visit.
OBJECTIVE
To assess the acceptability, accuracy and feasibility of iris scan technology as an identification method within a population of HCP-P in a vaccine trial in a remote setting.
METHODS
A mixed-method study was utilized. The acceptability was assessed prior to the trial through 12 focus group discussions (FGDs) and assessed at enrolment. Feasibility and accuracy research was conducted using a longitudinal trial study design where iris scanning was compared to the unique study ID card to identify HCP-P at enrolment, and at their follow-up visits.
RESULTS
During the FGDs, main concerns raised by HCP-P about the iris scan technology were that it may cause physical problems to their eyes or expose them to spiritual problems through sorcery. Though, 99.1% (95%CI: 97.1;100.0) of HCP-P in the FGDs agreed to be identified by the iris scan. Also, at enrolment 99.0% (95%CI:98.3; 99.7) HCP-P accepted to be identified by iris scan. Iris scan technology correctly identified 93.1% (95%CI:91.2; 95.0) of the participants returning for scheduled follow-up visits. Iris scanning operation lasted no more than 2 minutes 30 seconds for 96.0% (95%CI: 99.0;100.0) and one attempt was enough to identify the majority of study volunteers [69.5% (95% CI:66.1;73.0)].
CONCLUSIONS
Iris scan is highly acceptable as an identification tool in a clinical trial in HCP-Ps. Its operationalization during the trial demonstrated a high-level of accuracy that can reliably identify individuals. Iris scanning is found to be feasible in clinical trials but it requires a trained operator in order to reduce the duration and the number of attempts to identify a participant.
... Identification and recognition of study participants in a clinical trial-during the process of recruitment and during follow-up visits-is a growing issue [1]. Conventional methods for the recognition of participants in health facilities may include patient name, date of birth, government identity card with photo, and phone number [2][3][4][5]. However, these methods are not always reliable or accurate [5]. ...
... Conventional methods for the recognition of participants in health facilities may include patient name, date of birth, government identity card with photo, and phone number [2][3][4][5]. However, these methods are not always reliable or accurate [5]. For example, identity cards can be stolen or forgotten, and there is a risk of assigning a participant's ID (intentionally or unintentionally) to another participant during a study visit. ...
... A human iris is always stable, irrespective of age [10]. This is in contrast to the fingerprint structure-the most widespread biometric method of identification-that varies during childhood and only becomes stable after many years [5,9]. Fingerprinting also carries additional risks such as spreading some infectious diseases, since it requires the participant (and, sometimes, the operator) to come in physical contact with the fingerprint device. ...
Background
A partnership between the University of Antwerp and the University of Kinshasa implemented the EBOVAC3 clinical trial with an Ebola vaccine regimen administered to health care provider participants in Tshuapa Province, Democratic Republic of the Congo. This randomized controlled trial was part of an Ebola outbreak preparedness initiative financed through Innovative Medicines Initiative-European Union. The EBOVAC3 clinical trial used iris scan technology to identify all health care provider participants enrolled in the vaccine trial, to ensure that the right participant received the right vaccine at the right visit.
Objective
We aimed to assess the acceptability, accuracy, and feasibility of iris scan technology as an identification method within a population of health care provider participants in a vaccine trial in a remote setting.
Methods
We used a mixed methods study. The acceptability was assessed prior to the trial through 12 focus group discussions (FGDs) and was assessed at enrollment. Feasibility and accuracy research was conducted using a longitudinal trial study design, where iris scanning was compared with the unique study ID card to identify health care provider participants at enrollment and at their follow-up visits.
Results
During the FGDs, health care provider participants were mainly concerned about the iris scan technology causing physical problems to their eyes or exposing them to spiritual problems through sorcery. However, 99% (85/86; 95% CI 97.1-100.0) of health care provider participants in the FGDs agreed to be identified by the iris scan. Also, at enrollment, 99.0% (692/699; 95% CI 98.2-99.7) of health care provider participants accepted to be identified by iris scan. Iris scan technology correctly identified 93.1% (636/683; 95% CI 91.2-95.0) of the participants returning for scheduled follow-up visits. The iris scanning operation lasted 2 minutes or less for 96.0% (656/683; 95% CI 94.6-97.5), and 1 attempt was enough to identify the majority of study participants (475/683, 69.5%; 95% CI 66.1-73.0).
Conclusions
Iris scans are highly acceptable as an identification tool in a clinical trial for health care provider participants in a remote setting. Its operationalization during the trial demonstrated a high level of accuracy that can reliably identify individuals. Iris scanning is found to be feasible in clinical trials but requires a trained operator to reduce the duration and the number of attempts to identify a participant.
Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04186000; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04186000
