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A design support system has been developed for constructing a
VR-based training environment for machine maintenance work. The features
of the developed design support system are: 1) users can construct
various training environments under a GUI environment, 2) the users need
not have any expert knowledge about computer programming, 3) a Petri net
mo...
Context in source publication
Context 1
... of the interface of the developed system are shown in Figs. 3 and 4, respectively, for set- ting parameters and constructing Petri net. The users feed the necessary information for construct- ing training environments through selecting toggle buttons and setting numerical values. And in this system, the users can input the state transition of objects in virtual environment by constructing Petri net ...
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Citations
... Nonconventional machining Desktop application, generic periphery [101] 3.5. Disassembly Desktop application, generic periphery [20,33,74,81,110,116,180] Desktop application, specialised periphery [28,67,71,82,89,135,142] AR, specialised periphery [55] VR, specialised periphery [1,6,41,55,66,84,182,193] VR, specialised periphery, audio [168] Unknown, unknown [75,83,194] Abbreviations: AR, augmented reality; HMI, human-machine interface; VR, virtual reality. ...
Training simulators are fundamental for training in areas, such as aviation, medicine, and the military. While new applications emerge in conjunction with the development of human–machine interface (HMI) technologies, only a few applications for manufacturing processes are used in industrial practice. This study provides a literature review on simulation‐based training in manufacturing processes and applies the definitions of DIN 8580:2003 to structure the research. The identified applications are further analysed regarding their HMI-design and the process‐related benefits and limitations that were described within the publications. Although 202 applications were found, most focus on a small number of processes, and the others rarely mature past the prototype stage. The distribution implies that certain process‐specific factors impact the applicability of simulation‐based training in manufacturing processes. In this context, applicability factors are defined as characteristics of the original training process that affect the training adversely and that can be avoided or reduced in a training simulation. A systematisation of these applicability factors is developed as a step towards a process analysis methodology
... Li, Khoo, and Tor (2003) described a desktop VR system for maintenance training that focuses on disassembly and assembly procedures. Ishii, Tezuka, and Yoshikawa (1998) Several examples of AR systems for IMA tasks training have also been presented in the literature. Schwald and de Laval (2003a,b) presented an AR system for industrial maintenance training. ...
... Sebok, Nystad, and Droivoldsmo (2002) compared two VR-based training systems for nuclear industry maintenance, guided and exploratory, and conventional map-based training; they found some advantages for exploratory VR training compared to conventional training. Macchiarella and Vincenzi (2004) (Ishii et al., 1998;Li et al., 2003) or performed a usability evaluation (De Crescenzio et al., 2011) without comparing their system to other training methods. ...
... VR and AR systems are growing in use and are regarded as promising training platforms for complex and highly demanding IMA tasks (Buriol et al., 2009;Christian et al., 2007;De Crescenzio et al., 2011;Haritos & Macchiarella, 2005;Ishii et al., 1998;Li et al., 2003;Macchiarella & Vincenzi, 2004;Rios et al., 2011;Schwald & de Laval, 2003a,b;Shu et al., 2010). However, only few empirical studies have evaluated the efficiency and effectiveness of training using these platforms compared to training with traditional methods, and the results of those studies either only address part of the question or are inconclusive (Haritos & Macchiarella, 2005;Macchiarella & Vincenzi, 2004;Rios et al., 2011;Sebok et al., 2002). ...
The current study evaluated the use of virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) platforms, developed within the scope of the SKILLS Integrated Project, for industrial maintenance and assembly (IMA) tasks training. VR and AR systems are now widely regarded as promising training platforms for complex and highly demanding IMA tasks. However, there is a need to empirically evaluate their efficiency and effectiveness compared to traditional training methods. Forty expert technicians were randomly assigned to four training groups in an electronic actuator assembly task: VR (training with the VR platform twice), Control-VR (watching a filmed demonstration twice), AR (training with the AR platform once), and Control-AR (training with the real actuator and the aid of a filmed demonstration once). A post-training test evaluated performance in the real task. Results demonstrate that, in general, the VR and AR training groups required longer training time compared to the Control-VR and Control-AR groups, respectively. There were fewer unsolved errors in the AR group compared to the Control-AR group, and no significant differences in final performance between the VR and Control-VR groups, probably due to a ceiling effect created by the use of two training trials in the selected task for participants who were expert technicians. The results suggest that use of the AR platform for training IMA tasks should be encouraged and use of the VR platform for that purpose should be further evaluated.
... There have been various studies in various domains done on virtual reality and MR-based skill/task learning and training support and a number of systems have been developed, e.g., in the industry domain: constructing machine-maintenance training system (Ishii et al., 1998), metal inert gas welding training system (Chambers et al., 2012), object assembly training system (Jia et al., 2009), overhead crane training system (Dong et al., 2010), firefighting tactical training system (Yuan et al., 2012), esthetic industrial design (Fiorentino et al., 2002), job training system for casting design (Watanuki and Kojima, 2006); in the science and education domain: electrical experimental training system (Kara et al., 2010), application of geography experimental simulation (Huixian and Guangfa, 2011), collaborative learning (Jackson and Fagan, 2000); in the medicine domain: ultrasound guided needle biopsy training system (de Almeida Souza et al., 2008), baby feeding training system (Petrasova et al., 2010), endoscopic surgery simulation training system (Song et al., 2009); in the tourist domain: tourist guide training system (Minli et al., 2010); in the military domain: missile maintenance training system (Cheng et al., 2010); in the sports domain: Kung-Fu fight game (Hamalainen et al., 2005), martial arts (Chua et al., 2003;Kwon and Gross, 2005;Patel et al., 2006), physical education and athletic training (Zhang and Liu, 2012), golf swing learning system (Honjou et al., 2005); in the dance domain: dance training system Chan et al., 2010), collaborative dancing (Yang et al., 2006); in the cooking and eating domain: augmented reality kitchen (Bonanni et al., 2005), augmented reality flavors (Narumi et al., 2011), augmented perception of satiety (Narumi et al., 2012), etc. Many of these systems have employed a virtual teacher to perform the physical task in front of the learner (Yang and Kim, 2002;Nakamura et al., 2003;Honjou et al., 2005;SangHack and Ruzena, 2006;Chua et al., 2003). ...
... One solution to this issue is employing a Petri net as a modeling and visualization tool for physical constraints [23] [24] . A Petri net is a general tool for describing the behavior of simultaneous discrete events [25] . ...
... Using this training system, a trainee can view how to diagnose a malfunction of the power plant from the perspective of a virtual operator. Fig. 6 shows typical snapshots of a training system for maintenance of check valve [23] [24] . This training system consists of 60-inch display, crystal eyes for stereo view, data gloves for hand gesture measurement, and Polhemus sensors for hand position measurement, to realize mutual interaction between the system and trainee. ...
Since the first virtual reality (VR) system was developed by Dr. Ivan Sutherland in the 1960s, various research and development have been conducted to apply VR to many fields. One promising application is a nuclear-related one. VR is useful for control room design support, operation training, maintenance training, decommissioning planning support, nuclear education, work image sharing, telecollaboration, and even providing an experimental test-bed. In this lecture note, fundamental knowledge of VR is presented first, and various VR applications to nuclear fields are stated along with their advantages. Then appropriate cases for introducing VR are summarized and future prospects are given.
... Nowadays, the hardware, which can be used to build a virtual reality system, has been rapidly progressed and high performance hardware can be used at very low cost. On the other hand, many kinds of support software for constructing virtual environments have been developed in recent years[2][3]. These support software have been version-upped frequently and the number of the available functions has been increased. ...
The goal of this study is to develop new software for constructing interactive virtual environments of machine- maintenance training using virtual reality technology. The problem of existent virtual reality software is that special knowledge is required in order to construct interactive virtual environments where a user can assemble and disassemble virtual apparatus. Therefore this paper presents a new interface through which a user intuitively constructs interactive virtual environments by attaching ActCube, which is a rectangular parallelepiped with a peculiar function, to dimensional models as like building blocks.
E-learning systems suffer from a lack of tools to provide practical activities for learners. The mixed reality is promised to be a new technology to create a virtual environment where the learner is an actor by interaction with virtual objects. The objective is to establish a virtual laboratory that all tools and products can be manipulated by learners like in real practical work. This virtualization can also solve the safety problems and may reduce the risk of some experiments: nuclear, chemical, etc. Another interesting benefit is the reduction of the investment on real hardware (locally or remotely). We propose an approach for developing integrated E-learning systems, helping to carry out the practical work by the distance learner based on an augmented reality system.
Maintainability is an important design character of product. How to improve the product's maintainability at design stage can reduce or eliminate maintenance costs, reduce downtime, and improve safety. In this paper, a virtual reality based on information management system for product maintainability improvement during design process is developed. The system aims at providing a simulated environment and concurrent engineering processes to facilitate communication, coordination, control and integration of product maintainability validation and improvement activities. The result of this research will help increase product maintainability, reduce development cycle time and cost, and hence increase product marketability.
The interactive 3D human-computer interface provided by virtual reality (VR) technology enables safe and cost-effective maintenance training. The VR-based maintenance training systems could be designed with different levels of interactions. At the lowest level of interaction, the training system only provides step-by-step instructions to tell the trainee how to perform a disassembly sequence. Such guided-mode training is suitable at early training stage. For in-depth training, the training system should allow more flexible interaction. The trainee is no longer instructed by the computer; instead, he has to practice the disassembly sequence by himself. Programming the interactive behaviour of a VR model to support such free-mode training is difficult and complicated. This paper describes a Petri Net-based approach to define and control the interactive behaviours of a VR model for free-mode maintenance training. At modeling stage, Petri net is used as a high-level, graphical language for system designers to define the interactive behaviour of a VR model. When the VR model is executed, Petri net will steer the simulation to control the interactive behaviour of the VR model. The graph-guided approach allows effective VR model interactive behaviours specification to support free-mode, interactive maintenance training.
This paper proposed a virtual environment with agent technology to facilitate the integration and cooperation of product maintenance process. The agent-based system framework, in which various intelligent agents worked together to perform product maintenance tasks in an autonomous and collaborative way, is addressed. The functional definition of each intelligent agent is presented and the agent internal structure is designed. Moreover, ontology-based agents communication mechanism and agents co-operation model are proposed, and an intelligent algorithm based on fuzzy comprehensive evaluation is designed to solve competition conflicts among the agents. Finally, the prototype system is developed and the algorithm is proved feasible and efficient.
