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Amperometric i-t curve recorded at the TiO2NWA applying a potential step at + 0.4 V vs Ag/AgCl in 0.1 M phosphate buffer, pH 7.0, 10 M hydrazine. UV irradiation is turned on after 30 s from the beginning of the analysis.
Source publication
Electrodes based on arrays of TiO2 nanowires were prepared by template sol-gel synthesis with the goal of developing a hydrazine photoelectrochemical sensor. Experimental conditions were chosen so that the gelation reaction occurred inside the nanopores of track-etched polycarbonate membranes, with consequent filling with TiO2 nanowires. Different...
Context in source publication
Context 1
... i-t measurements were used to study the photoelectrochemical response of the TiO2NWA sensor to hydrazine concentration. A typical analysis is reported in Figure 4. The first 30 s of the scan are recorded in the dark; during this time an anodic current is detected, which is ascribed to the formation of the space charge region on the TiO2. ...
Citations
... NEAs and NEEs can be fabricated from various materials such as gold [10,[12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19], platinum [16], TiO 2 [20,21], ZnO [22,23], CeO 2 [24], nickel [25], boron-doped diamond [26], carbon fibers [27,28], SiO 2 with a Ti/Pt coating [29], and carbon nanotubes (CNTs). NEAs and NEEs are typically fabricated using one of two methods. ...
... The first method is a template synthesis approach, which involves either electroless or electrical deposition of a metal into a porous template [10,30]. Common template membranes include anodic aluminum oxide [16,20] and porous polycarbonate [10,12,13,[17][18][19]21,25]. The second method uses self-assembled monolayers to fabricate NEAs and NEEs [30]. ...
Incorporating the nanoscale properties of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and their assemblies into macroscopic materials is at the forefront of scientific innovation. The electrical conductivity, chemical inertness, and large aspect ratios of these cylindrical structures make them ideal electrode materials for electrochemical studies. The ability to assemble CNTs into nano-, micro-, and macroscale materials broadens their field of applications. Here, we report the fabrication of random arrays of CNT cross-sections and their performance as nanoelectrode ensembles (NEEs). Single ribbons of drawable CNTs were employed to create the CNT-NEEs that allows easier fabrication of nanoscale electrodes for general electrochemical applications. Surface analysis of the prepared NEEs using scanning electron microscopy showed a random distribution of CNTs within the encapsulating polymer. Electrochemical testing via cyclic voltammetry and scanning electrochemical cell microscopy revealed voltametric differences from the typical macroelectrode response with the steady-state nature of NEEs. Finally, when the NEE was employed for Pb2+ detection using square-wave anodic stripping voltammetry, a limit of detection of 0.57 ppb with a linear range of 10–35 ppb was achieved.
... For instance, Au-NiO1−x (0 < x < 1) hybrid NWs arrays are used as glucose sensors that exhibits an ultrahigh sensitivity of 4.061 mA cm −2 mM −1 , low detection limit and a wide level of glucose concentration in the detection range of 0.005-15 mM in PEC cells [106]. In addition, TiO2 NWs prepared by template sol-gel synthesis are practical for a hydrazine photoelectrochemical sensor having a limit of detection (LOD) of 1.91 µM and a limit of quantification (LOQ) 8.91mM [107]. Nanorods such as high-performance anatase-branch@hydrogenated rutile-nanorod TiO2 have also been used for detecting chemical oxygen demand (COD) in wastewater [108]. ...
... 1-D materials ( Figure 8) have also been integrated in PEC cells for sensing applications [106][107][108][109]. For instance, Au-NiO 1−x (0 < x < 1) hybrid NWs arrays are used as glucose sensors that exhibits an ultrahigh sensitivity of 4.061 mA cm −2 mM −1 , low detection limit and a wide level of glucose concentration in the detection range of 0.005-15 mM in PEC cells [106]. ...
... For instance, Au-NiO 1−x (0 < x < 1) hybrid NWs arrays are used as glucose sensors that exhibits an ultrahigh sensitivity of 4.061 mA cm −2 mM −1 , low detection limit and a wide level of glucose concentration in the detection range of 0.005-15 mM in PEC cells [106]. In addition, TiO 2 NWs prepared by template sol-gel synthesis are practical for a hydrazine photoelectrochemical sensor having a limit of detection (LOD) of 1.91 µM and a limit of quantification (LOQ) 8.91mM [107]. Nanorods such as high-performance anatase-branch@hydrogenated rutile-nanorod TiO 2 have also been used for detecting chemical oxygen demand (COD) in wastewater [108]. ...
... For instance, Au-NiO1−x (0 < x < 1) hybrid NWs arrays are used as glucose sensors that exhibits an ultrahigh sensitivity of 4.061 mA cm −2 mM −1 , low detection limit and a wide level of glucose concentration in the detection range of 0.005-15 mM in PEC cells [106]. In addition, TiO2 NWs prepared by template sol-gel synthesis are practical for a hydrazine photoelectrochemical sensor having a limit of detection (LOD) of 1.91 µM and a limit of quantification (LOQ) 8.91mM [107]. Nanorods such as high-performance anatase-branch@hydrogenated rutile-nanorod TiO2 have also been used for detecting chemical oxygen demand (COD) in wastewater [108]. ...
... 1-D materials ( Figure 8) have also been integrated in PEC cells for sensing applications [106][107][108][109]. For instance, Au-NiO 1−x (0 < x < 1) hybrid NWs arrays are used as glucose sensors that exhibits an ultrahigh sensitivity of 4.061 mA cm −2 mM −1 , low detection limit and a wide level of glucose concentration in the detection range of 0.005-15 mM in PEC cells [106]. ...
... For instance, Au-NiO 1−x (0 < x < 1) hybrid NWs arrays are used as glucose sensors that exhibits an ultrahigh sensitivity of 4.061 mA cm −2 mM −1 , low detection limit and a wide level of glucose concentration in the detection range of 0.005-15 mM in PEC cells [106]. In addition, TiO 2 NWs prepared by template sol-gel synthesis are practical for a hydrazine photoelectrochemical sensor having a limit of detection (LOD) of 1.91 µM and a limit of quantification (LOQ) 8.91mM [107]. Nanorods such as high-performance anatase-branch@hydrogenated rutile-nanorod TiO 2 have also been used for detecting chemical oxygen demand (COD) in wastewater [108]. ...
At present, the world is at the peak of production of traditional fossil fuels. Much of the resources that humanity has been consuming (oil, coal, and natural gas) are coming to an end. The human being faces a future that must necessarily go through a paradigm shift, which includes a progressive movement towards increasingly less polluting and energetically viable resources. In this sense, nanotechnology has a transcendental role in this change. For decades, new materials capable of being used in energy processes have been synthesized, which undoubtedly will be the cornerstone of the future development of the planet. In this review, we report on the current progress in the synthesis and use of one-dimensional (1D) nanostructured materials (specifically nanowires, nanofibers, nanotubes, and nanorods), with compositions based on oxides, nitrides, or metals, for applications related to energy. Due to its extraordinary surface–volume relationship, tunable thermal and transport properties, and its high surface area, these 1D nanostructures have become fundamental elements for the development of energy processes. The most relevant 1D nanomaterials, their different synthesis procedures, and useful methods for assembling 1D nanostructures in functional devices will be presented. Applications in relevant topics such as optoelectronic and photochemical devices, hydrogen production, or energy storage, among others, will be discussed. The present review concludes with a forecast on the directions towards which future research could be directed on this class of nanostructured materials.
... For instance, Au-NiO1−x (0 < x < 1) hybrid NWs arrays are used as glucose sensors that exhibits an ultrahigh sensitivity of 4.061 mA cm −2 mM −1 , low detection limit and a wide level of glucose concentration in the detection range of 0.005-15 mM in PEC cells [106]. In addition, TiO2 NWs prepared by template sol-gel synthesis are practical for a hydrazine photoelectrochemical sensor having a limit of detection (LOD) of 1.91 µM and a limit of quantification (LOQ) 8.91mM [107]. Nanorods such as high-performance anatase-branch@hydrogenated rutile-nanorod TiO2 have also been used for detecting chemical oxygen demand (COD) in wastewater [108]. ...
... 1-D materials ( Figure 8) have also been integrated in PEC cells for sensing applications [106][107][108][109]. For instance, Au-NiO 1−x (0 < x < 1) hybrid NWs arrays are used as glucose sensors that exhibits an ultrahigh sensitivity of 4.061 mA cm −2 mM −1 , low detection limit and a wide level of glucose concentration in the detection range of 0.005-15 mM in PEC cells [106]. ...
... For instance, Au-NiO 1−x (0 < x < 1) hybrid NWs arrays are used as glucose sensors that exhibits an ultrahigh sensitivity of 4.061 mA cm −2 mM −1 , low detection limit and a wide level of glucose concentration in the detection range of 0.005-15 mM in PEC cells [106]. In addition, TiO 2 NWs prepared by template sol-gel synthesis are practical for a hydrazine photoelectrochemical sensor having a limit of detection (LOD) of 1.91 µM and a limit of quantification (LOQ) 8.91mM [107]. Nanorods such as high-performance anatase-branch@hydrogenated rutile-nanorod TiO 2 have also been used for detecting chemical oxygen demand (COD) in wastewater [108]. ...
... For instance, Au-NiO1−x (0 < x < 1) hybrid NWs arrays are used as glucose sensors that exhibits an ultrahigh sensitivity of 4.061 mA cm −2 mM −1 , low detection limit and a wide level of glucose concentration in the detection range of 0.005-15 mM in PEC cells [106]. In addition, TiO2 NWs prepared by template sol-gel synthesis are practical for a hydrazine photoelectrochemical sensor having a limit of detection (LOD) of 1.91 µM and a limit of quantification (LOQ) 8.91mM [107]. Nanorods such as high-performance anatase-branch@hydrogenated rutile-nanorod TiO2 have also been used for detecting chemical oxygen demand (COD) in wastewater [108]. ...
... 1-D materials ( Figure 8) have also been integrated in PEC cells for sensing applications [106][107][108][109]. For instance, Au-NiO 1−x (0 < x < 1) hybrid NWs arrays are used as glucose sensors that exhibits an ultrahigh sensitivity of 4.061 mA cm −2 mM −1 , low detection limit and a wide level of glucose concentration in the detection range of 0.005-15 mM in PEC cells [106]. ...
... For instance, Au-NiO 1−x (0 < x < 1) hybrid NWs arrays are used as glucose sensors that exhibits an ultrahigh sensitivity of 4.061 mA cm −2 mM −1 , low detection limit and a wide level of glucose concentration in the detection range of 0.005-15 mM in PEC cells [106]. In addition, TiO 2 NWs prepared by template sol-gel synthesis are practical for a hydrazine photoelectrochemical sensor having a limit of detection (LOD) of 1.91 µM and a limit of quantification (LOQ) 8.91mM [107]. Nanorods such as high-performance anatase-branch@hydrogenated rutile-nanorod TiO 2 have also been used for detecting chemical oxygen demand (COD) in wastewater [108]. ...
... For instance, Au-NiO1−x (0 < x < 1) hybrid NWs arrays are used as glucose sensors that exhibits an ultrahigh sensitivity of 4.061 mA cm −2 mM −1 , low detection limit and a wide level of glucose concentration in the detection range of 0.005-15 mM in PEC cells [106]. In addition, TiO2 NWs prepared by template sol-gel synthesis are practical for a hydrazine photoelectrochemical sensor having a limit of detection (LOD) of 1.91 µM and a limit of quantification (LOQ) 8.91mM [107]. Nanorods such as high-performance anatase-branch@hydrogenated rutile-nanorod TiO2 have also been used for detecting chemical oxygen demand (COD) in wastewater [108]. ...
... 1-D materials ( Figure 8) have also been integrated in PEC cells for sensing applications [106][107][108][109]. For instance, Au-NiO 1−x (0 < x < 1) hybrid NWs arrays are used as glucose sensors that exhibits an ultrahigh sensitivity of 4.061 mA cm −2 mM −1 , low detection limit and a wide level of glucose concentration in the detection range of 0.005-15 mM in PEC cells [106]. ...
... For instance, Au-NiO 1−x (0 < x < 1) hybrid NWs arrays are used as glucose sensors that exhibits an ultrahigh sensitivity of 4.061 mA cm −2 mM −1 , low detection limit and a wide level of glucose concentration in the detection range of 0.005-15 mM in PEC cells [106]. In addition, TiO 2 NWs prepared by template sol-gel synthesis are practical for a hydrazine photoelectrochemical sensor having a limit of detection (LOD) of 1.91 µM and a limit of quantification (LOQ) 8.91mM [107]. Nanorods such as high-performance anatase-branch@hydrogenated rutile-nanorod TiO 2 have also been used for detecting chemical oxygen demand (COD) in wastewater [108]. ...
... For instance, Au-NiO1−x (0 < x < 1) hybrid NWs arrays are used as glucose sensors that exhibits an ultrahigh sensitivity of 4.061 mA cm −2 mM −1 , low detection limit and a wide level of glucose concentration in the detection range of 0.005-15 mM in PEC cells [106]. In addition, TiO2 NWs prepared by template sol-gel synthesis are practical for a hydrazine photoelectrochemical sensor having a limit of detection (LOD) of 1.91 µM and a limit of quantification (LOQ) 8.91mM [107]. Nanorods such as high-performance anatase-branch@hydrogenated rutile-nanorod TiO2 have also been used for detecting chemical oxygen demand (COD) in wastewater [108]. ...
... 1-D materials ( Figure 8) have also been integrated in PEC cells for sensing applications [106][107][108][109]. For instance, Au-NiO 1−x (0 < x < 1) hybrid NWs arrays are used as glucose sensors that exhibits an ultrahigh sensitivity of 4.061 mA cm −2 mM −1 , low detection limit and a wide level of glucose concentration in the detection range of 0.005-15 mM in PEC cells [106]. ...
... For instance, Au-NiO 1−x (0 < x < 1) hybrid NWs arrays are used as glucose sensors that exhibits an ultrahigh sensitivity of 4.061 mA cm −2 mM −1 , low detection limit and a wide level of glucose concentration in the detection range of 0.005-15 mM in PEC cells [106]. In addition, TiO 2 NWs prepared by template sol-gel synthesis are practical for a hydrazine photoelectrochemical sensor having a limit of detection (LOD) of 1.91 µM and a limit of quantification (LOQ) 8.91mM [107]. Nanorods such as high-performance anatase-branch@hydrogenated rutile-nanorod TiO 2 have also been used for detecting chemical oxygen demand (COD) in wastewater [108]. ...
... For instance, Au-NiO1−x (0 < x < 1) hybrid NWs arrays are used as glucose sensors that exhibits an ultrahigh sensitivity of 4.061 mA cm −2 mM −1 , low detection limit and a wide level of glucose concentration in the detection range of 0.005-15 mM in PEC cells [106]. In addition, TiO2 NWs prepared by template sol-gel synthesis are practical for a hydrazine photoelectrochemical sensor having a limit of detection (LOD) of 1.91 µM and a limit of quantification (LOQ) 8.91mM [107]. Nanorods such as high-performance anatase-branch@hydrogenated rutile-nanorod TiO2 have also been used for detecting chemical oxygen demand (COD) in wastewater [108]. ...
... 1-D materials ( Figure 8) have also been integrated in PEC cells for sensing applications [106][107][108][109]. For instance, Au-NiO 1−x (0 < x < 1) hybrid NWs arrays are used as glucose sensors that exhibits an ultrahigh sensitivity of 4.061 mA cm −2 mM −1 , low detection limit and a wide level of glucose concentration in the detection range of 0.005-15 mM in PEC cells [106]. ...
... For instance, Au-NiO 1−x (0 < x < 1) hybrid NWs arrays are used as glucose sensors that exhibits an ultrahigh sensitivity of 4.061 mA cm −2 mM −1 , low detection limit and a wide level of glucose concentration in the detection range of 0.005-15 mM in PEC cells [106]. In addition, TiO 2 NWs prepared by template sol-gel synthesis are practical for a hydrazine photoelectrochemical sensor having a limit of detection (LOD) of 1.91 µM and a limit of quantification (LOQ) 8.91mM [107]. Nanorods such as high-performance anatase-branch@hydrogenated rutile-nanorod TiO 2 have also been used for detecting chemical oxygen demand (COD) in wastewater [108]. ...
... For instance, Au-NiO1−x (0 < x < 1) hybrid NWs arrays are used as glucose sensors that exhibits an ultrahigh sensitivity of 4.061 mA cm −2 mM −1 , low detection limit and a wide level of glucose concentration in the detection range of 0.005-15 mM in PEC cells [106]. In addition, TiO2 NWs prepared by template sol-gel synthesis are practical for a hydrazine photoelectrochemical sensor having a limit of detection (LOD) of 1.91 µM and a limit of quantification (LOQ) 8.91mM [107]. Nanorods such as high-performance anatase-branch@hydrogenated rutile-nanorod TiO2 have also been used for detecting chemical oxygen demand (COD) in wastewater [108]. ...
... 1-D materials ( Figure 8) have also been integrated in PEC cells for sensing applications [106][107][108][109]. For instance, Au-NiO 1−x (0 < x < 1) hybrid NWs arrays are used as glucose sensors that exhibits an ultrahigh sensitivity of 4.061 mA cm −2 mM −1 , low detection limit and a wide level of glucose concentration in the detection range of 0.005-15 mM in PEC cells [106]. ...
... For instance, Au-NiO 1−x (0 < x < 1) hybrid NWs arrays are used as glucose sensors that exhibits an ultrahigh sensitivity of 4.061 mA cm −2 mM −1 , low detection limit and a wide level of glucose concentration in the detection range of 0.005-15 mM in PEC cells [106]. In addition, TiO 2 NWs prepared by template sol-gel synthesis are practical for a hydrazine photoelectrochemical sensor having a limit of detection (LOD) of 1.91 µM and a limit of quantification (LOQ) 8.91mM [107]. Nanorods such as high-performance anatase-branch@hydrogenated rutile-nanorod TiO 2 have also been used for detecting chemical oxygen demand (COD) in wastewater [108]. ...
... For instance, Au-NiO1−x (0 < x < 1) hybrid NWs arrays are used as glucose sensors that exhibits an ultrahigh sensitivity of 4.061 mA cm −2 mM −1 , low detection limit and a wide level of glucose concentration in the detection range of 0.005-15 mM in PEC cells [106]. In addition, TiO2 NWs prepared by template sol-gel synthesis are practical for a hydrazine photoelectrochemical sensor having a limit of detection (LOD) of 1.91 µM and a limit of quantification (LOQ) 8.91mM [107]. Nanorods such as high-performance anatase-branch@hydrogenated rutile-nanorod TiO2 have also been used for detecting chemical oxygen demand (COD) in wastewater [108]. ...
... 1-D materials ( Figure 8) have also been integrated in PEC cells for sensing applications [106][107][108][109]. For instance, Au-NiO 1−x (0 < x < 1) hybrid NWs arrays are used as glucose sensors that exhibits an ultrahigh sensitivity of 4.061 mA cm −2 mM −1 , low detection limit and a wide level of glucose concentration in the detection range of 0.005-15 mM in PEC cells [106]. ...
... For instance, Au-NiO 1−x (0 < x < 1) hybrid NWs arrays are used as glucose sensors that exhibits an ultrahigh sensitivity of 4.061 mA cm −2 mM −1 , low detection limit and a wide level of glucose concentration in the detection range of 0.005-15 mM in PEC cells [106]. In addition, TiO 2 NWs prepared by template sol-gel synthesis are practical for a hydrazine photoelectrochemical sensor having a limit of detection (LOD) of 1.91 µM and a limit of quantification (LOQ) 8.91mM [107]. Nanorods such as high-performance anatase-branch@hydrogenated rutile-nanorod TiO 2 have also been used for detecting chemical oxygen demand (COD) in wastewater [108]. ...
