Fig 3 - uploaded by Hugo Castañeda Vázquez
Content may be subject to copyright.
Amino acid sequence of domain B and C of the Staph. aureus strains 8325-4 (J01786), MW2 (NC_003923), Mu50 (NC_002758), Cowan 1 (M18264) and the four Staph. aureus strains characterized in the present study. The deleted fragment of fused domain BC of strain M4 (D 123 bp) corresponds to 41 amino acids leading to the conservation of the open reading frame. The two a-helices, according to Guss et al. (1990), essential for binding to IgG are indicated as boxes. The arrows represent, according to Darwin & Daggett (2000), the helices H1, H2 and H3, respectively.
Source publication
The protein A encoding gene spa of four Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from bovine clinical mastitis was amplified by PCR and sequenced. The four strains were selected after an initial screening of spa gene of 41 strains isolated from mastitic cows and were subjected to detailed investigations. According to the sequencing results the spa ge...
Context in source publication
Context 1
... of all investigated domains corre- sponded to those reported by Tashiro & Montelione (1995) showing the presence of the three helices I, II and III, which are characteristic for the protein A domains. Sequencing of domain BC yielded the presence of the helical bundles of helix I of domain B and helix I, II and III of domain C, respectively (Fig. 3). The sequences were given to GenBank under the following accession numbers : AJ606379, AJ606380, AJ606381 and AJ829762 for strain M1, M2, M3 and M4, ...
Similar publications
Bovine mastitis is second most important disease after Foot and Mouth disease considering the economic losses faced by dairy farmers. It is the inflammation of mammary gland parenchyma which results in altered physical, chemical and bacteriological quality of milk. It is broadly classified into subclinical and clinical forms based on absence or pre...
A cross sectional study was carried out from November 2017 to June 2018 to assess awareness status and management practice common among dairy cows owners and to determine the prevalence of bovine mastitis and its associated risk factors in four districts and nine kebelles of Western Zone of Tigray Regional State, North West Ethiopia. In this study,...
SraP, a platelet-binding surface protein of Staphylococcus aureus, is involved in the pathogenesis of infective endocarditis. In this study, we investigated the importance of SraP in the pathogenesis of bovine mastitis. By means of PCR, sraP was detected in all the isolates tested from bovine bulk milk and humans. However, SraP was not expressed on...
ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Livestock in general and dairying in particular play a vital role in the Indian economy. Diseases and parasites are serious constraints affecting dairy cattle production. Mastitis, the inflammatory condition of the udder is considered as one of the most costly disease affecting dairy cows. For effective mastitis control, farme...
Antimicrobial usage in food animals has a direct impact on human health, and approximately 80% of the antibiotics prescribed in the dairy industry are used to treat bovine mastitis. Here we provide a longitudinal description of the changes in the microbiome of milk that are associated with mastitis and antimicrobial therapy. Next-generation sequenc...
Citations
... agarosa (El-Sayed et al., 2006, Reinoso et al., 2008 genoma, que es cómoda y no es aplicable en la mayoría de los laboratorios de diagnóstico de rutina. La secuenciación de ARN o ADN proporciona datos claros, fáciles de comparar, interpretar e intercambiar(Gurjar et al., 2012). ...
The book deals with all aspects of bovine mastitis, researchers from 4 continents shared in writing this book. The book consists of 336 pages, written is Spanish.
the book is available for download under
https://drive.google.com/file/d/1SCTf0w18SY6c53YDek7ZRNV0AMJlXzF8/view
... These data suggest that some virulence factors could be involved in the persistence of Staph. aureus on teat skin and potentially on its diffusion among cows, as has been shown for several diseases (Frenay et al. 1994; Montesinos et al. 2002; El-Sayed et al. 2006 ; Zecconi et al. 2006b). The present study suggests that once Staph. ...
Knowledge of the epidemiological pattern and the potential sources of infections is important to control Staphylococcus aureus in dairy herds. This paper reports the results of a study applying both pulse field gel electrophoresis (PGFE) and the assessment of a selected number of virulence genes to investigate the role of teat skin on Staph. aureus transmission among cows and on the contamination of milk. Overall 61 isolates were considered, 23 from teat skin, 33 from milk samples and 5 from curd samples. Teat swabs were taken in five herds, but in only three of them could Staph. aureus be isolated. Curd was sampled in three herds, but Staph. aureus could be isolated in only two herds. The distribution of isolates among herds confirmed the presence of herd-specific Staph. aureus strain in most of the herds. The same pattern was observed in teat skin samples, in quarter milk samples, and in the curd samples. Our findings are consistent with other studies showing the role of teat skin as a potential reservoir. Moreover, Staph. aureus was isolated from teat skin of confirmed Staph. aureus-negative cows that were segregated from infected ones. Our findings also suggest that some strains have higher chances to survive on teat skin and therefore to increase the risk for contamination of milk and milk products due to the persistence of intramammary infections.
El éxito de un tratamiento antibacteriano contra la mastitis lo
determina la elección del antibiótico adecuado, teniendo en cuenta la
resistencia de la bacteria y las regulaciones farmacocinéticas. Debe
aplicarse una concentraxión efectiva antibacterial en el tejido de acuerdo con el patógeno que se trate, durante un periodo suficiente de tiempo.
Milk and milk products are special and precious foods with high quality and variety. Usually, milk is a healthy diet for people of all ages. It is not only pure milk. Various milk products are available in numerous variations, e.g. cocoa, ice cream, cheese, butter, whey, yoghurt, kefir or buttermilk. Cheese has been known as food for a very long time. Already over 5000 years ago the Sumerians have already presented the cheese production. Also in ancient Egypt and in India there are references to an early dairy industry. Milk is the first foodstuff for humans and mammals. It therefore has an ideal composition for the first phase of life. It provides a variety of nutrients such as protein, fat and sugar as well as minerals and vitamins. Milk and dairy products ensure a sufficient supply of calcium and are therefore important for growing, for the development of teeth and bones.
The worldwide consumption of milk is growing steadily. While there were still around 589 million tons in 2001, 788 million tons of milk were consumed as food in 2014. The countries leading the dairy production are the European Union, the United States of America and India.
Worldwide, two thirds of the milk was delivered by smaller farms. In parallel, however, the processing industry developed. Several hundred larger companies were created, including numerous joint ventures with international groups.
According to a report from the agricultural magazine "Farmers Weekly", producer prices have declined in relation to the last 12 months of the 10 largest milk producer nations. Therefore for the milk producers, an economic production of milk is of increasing importance.
After the eradication of classical infectious diseases, which can also be transmitted to humans via the milk, the subclinical mastitis of the cattle is regarded as the most persistent and most widespread disease complex of milk-hygienic importance.
In addition to its importance as a hereditary disease with its animal health and animal welfare aspects, mastitis has also significance for food hygiene. Dairy farms are more than ever food companies. Since the consumers located health value of a foodstuff at the highest level, at least in the developed countries, the disease also has food-hygienic importance.
Long-term successes to improve the udder health situation will only be possible in the producers' organizations, if the internal rate of new infection can be reduced by means of effective measures and kept at a low level. It is important that these are the most suitable concepts for dairy cattle, which can also be implemented. An overly strong focus on therapeutic measures certainly does not lead to success here. Rather to maintain udder health, greater attention should be taken to the prevention of new infections, both for economic reasons and for ecological reasons. Preventive instruments ensure the maintenance of self-regulation in the bio systems.
In addition to constantly researching new strategies in the field of diagnostics, prophylaxis and therapy, it is at least equally important to communicate the knowledge progress of this complex disease into practice. The present book is intended to deal with this topic: It deals with the diagnosis, prevention and therapy of bovine mastitis. It is intended to give interested milk producers as well as veterinarians the opportunity to learn about current findings in the field of mastitis and to implement them in the daily routine in dealing with this important health problem of cattle.
The genetic variability of S. aureus strains isolated from some cases of bovine mastitis was determined. 335 cows from 27 stables were sampled in 10 municipalities in the state of Jalisco. S. aureus strains were identified from milk samples of each mammary gland of each cow, which were grown in blood agar and based on the characteristics of the culture, biochemical tests, and finally their molecular confirmation by PCR. The genetic variation in the strains was identified d by pulsed field electrophoresis technique. The images of the gels were analyzed using the Bionumerics® software. 2.26% of clinical mastitis and 40.45% of subclinical mastitis were diagnosed with the California test. A frequency of appearance of S. aureus of 9.8% of the total sampled glands was recorded. A genetic variation of 14.9% was observed. The 32 strains analyzed were grouped into pulsotypes with 95% or more of genetic similarity, resulting in 12 pulsotypes. It is concluded that there is great diversity in the genetic variability of S. aureus strains from different stables in the state of Jalisco, and that there is a great genetic similarity of strains within the stable
La survie des Primates Non Humains (PNHs) est menacée par les activités humaines et les maladies infectieuses. Pour contribuer à leur conservation au Gabon, plusieurs structures dont les sanctuaires et centres de primatologie ont été mises en place. Cependant, si la gestion des risques sanitaires n’est pas prise en compte et les conditions d’accompagnement réglementées, ces structures qui visent la sauvegarde des PNHs pourraient constituer de véritables carrefours d’échanges de parasites entre espèces de PNH, Homme et/ou microfaune. Ainsi, pour mieux comprendre la nature et l’ampleur du problème, notre travail de thèse avait pour but d’évaluer les risques sanitaires et zoonotiques chez des groupes d’hôtes de deux (2) sanctuaires et d’un (1) centre de primatologie au Sud-est du Gabon. En combinant les études épidémiologiques sur le terrain à la fois chez l’Homme et l’animal, le séquençage, les analyses phylogénétiques ainsi que la modélisation statistique, nos travaux se sont attelés à comprendre (i) la circulation d’agents infectieux entre espèces et (ii) les stratégies parasitaires dans ces nouveaux contextes de communautés créés par les activités humaines. Nous nous sommes intéressés à trois (3) modèles parasitaires, à savoir ; un (1) procaryote (Staphylococcus aureus) et deux (2) eucaryotes dont un agent pathogène à transmission vectorielle (Plasmodium spp) et un groupe viral à transmission directe ou indirecte (paramyxovirus). Nos résultats révèlent une grande diversité plasmodiale circulant chez les PNHs (9 espèces) et montrent que la spécificité d’hôtes observée jusqu’à présent en milieu naturel est rompue. Si aucun plasmodium simien n’a été trouvé chez l’Homme, le spectre d’hôtes de P. falciparum s’agrandit avec sa mise en évidence pour la première fois chez le Mandrill (Mandrillus sphinx). Nos résultats révèlent également une large diversité génétique de Stahylococcus aureus composée de souches généralistes et spécialistes, la circulation de souches SARM (S. aureus résistant à la méticilline) principalement via les souches généralistes, entre groupes d’hôtes traités et non traités aux antibiotiques et décrivent quinze (15) nouvelles souches. Pour les paramyxovirus, aucune infection n’a été identifiée mais la question du patron de circulation épidémique ou endémique est posée. En conclusion, cette étude montre que dans ces structures (i) les conditions écologiques de franchissement inter-espèces des parasites sont réunies et (ii) que ces dernières permettent le développement d’infections encore jamais observées en milieu naturel. Ces conditions de promiscuité entre espèces favorisent la sélection d’espèces parasitaires à large spectre d’hôtes (i.e., généralistes) mais aussi l’occurrence de souches bactériennes résistantes à la méticilline qui se propagent via la communautarisation des parasites, notamment dans la microfaune interagissant avec les PNHs traités aux antibiotiques ou à partir de l’Homme
