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Alogomyces tanneri on PmT agar medium grown at 17 C in the dark. A. Spherical zoospore (black arrowhead) between two encysting zoospores. B, C. Germlings at 24 h, with a second rhizoidal axis developing (B, white arrowhead) or a single axis with branching rhizoids (C). D-F. Zoosporangia at 48 h. When two rhizoidal axes are present, rhizoids remain isodiametric at this time (D). When a single rhizoidal axis is present, swelling occurs at the base of the zoosporangium (E, white arrowhead). Rhizoidal systems become tangled and convoluted (F). G. Zoosporangium at 96 h, with swelling at rhizoidal base , 3 mm diam (white arrowhead) and , 12 mm away from the zoosporangium. Isodiametric rhizoids (, 1 mm, black arrow) persist in the rest of the rhizoidal system. H. Mature zoosporangium at 120 h, with swelling at rhizoidal base , 5 mm diam (white arrowhead), a rupture in the zoosporangium cell wall (white arrows), and a predominantly isodiametric rhizoidal system (black arrows). Bar in G for all but F.
Source publication
The order Lobulomycetales contains chytrids from soil, freshwater and marine habitats; environmental DNA sampling has indicated that representatives of this order might be found in deep ocean localities. We describe Alogomyces tanneri as the first lobulomycetalean chytrid isolated from horse manure; A. tanneri is also the first species in the order...
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Context 1
... kinetosome and nonflagellated centriole are parallel or nearly so (FIG. 2C) and are connected by a fibril bridge, which is engulfed by densely staining material that partially surrounds the kinetosome (FIG. 2C, white arrow). This material appears denser in a narrow region where the material contacts kinetosome triplets, 4-8 (FIG. 2C). An irregular rumposome (FIG. 2B, D, E), , 0.05 mm thick, partially surrounds the lipid globule (FIG. 2B) or is continuous over adjacent globules (FIG. 2D). The fenestrae are in an irregular pattern (FIG. 2E), lacking the honey- comb-like structure seen in rumposomes (5 fenes- trated cisterna, e.g. Letcher et al. 2004) of other chytrid taxa. The thallus of Alogomyces tanneri (FIG. 3) during early stages of development closely resembles that of Maunachytrium keaense. Zoospores were spherical when motile (FIG. 3A), possessing one or multiple lipid globules. Germlings produced one or two rhizoidal axes (FIG. 3B-E), which, when two, were relatively proximal. The rhizoidal axis at the base of the zoosporangium continued to enlarge during growth (FIG. 3E, G, H), but the distal portions of the rhizoidal system were isodiametric (, 1 mm) and often convoluted and tangled (FIG. 3F-H). Zoospores were discharged through an inoperculate papilla (FIG. 3H). Resting spores were not ...
Context 2
... kinetosome and nonflagellated centriole are parallel or nearly so (FIG. 2C) and are connected by a fibril bridge, which is engulfed by densely staining material that partially surrounds the kinetosome (FIG. 2C, white arrow). This material appears denser in a narrow region where the material contacts kinetosome triplets, 4-8 (FIG. 2C). An irregular rumposome (FIG. 2B, D, E), , 0.05 mm thick, partially surrounds the lipid globule (FIG. 2B) or is continuous over adjacent globules (FIG. 2D). The fenestrae are in an irregular pattern (FIG. 2E), lacking the honey- comb-like structure seen in rumposomes (5 fenes- trated cisterna, e.g. Letcher et al. 2004) of other chytrid taxa. The thallus of Alogomyces tanneri (FIG. 3) during early stages of development closely resembles that of Maunachytrium keaense. Zoospores were spherical when motile (FIG. 3A), possessing one or multiple lipid globules. Germlings produced one or two rhizoidal axes (FIG. 3B-E), which, when two, were relatively proximal. The rhizoidal axis at the base of the zoosporangium continued to enlarge during growth (FIG. 3E, G, H), but the distal portions of the rhizoidal system were isodiametric (, 1 mm) and often convoluted and tangled (FIG. 3F-H). Zoospores were discharged through an inoperculate papilla (FIG. 3H). Resting spores were not ...
Context 3
... kinetosome and nonflagellated centriole are parallel or nearly so (FIG. 2C) and are connected by a fibril bridge, which is engulfed by densely staining material that partially surrounds the kinetosome (FIG. 2C, white arrow). This material appears denser in a narrow region where the material contacts kinetosome triplets, 4-8 (FIG. 2C). An irregular rumposome (FIG. 2B, D, E), , 0.05 mm thick, partially surrounds the lipid globule (FIG. 2B) or is continuous over adjacent globules (FIG. 2D). The fenestrae are in an irregular pattern (FIG. 2E), lacking the honey- comb-like structure seen in rumposomes (5 fenes- trated cisterna, e.g. Letcher et al. 2004) of other chytrid taxa. The thallus of Alogomyces tanneri (FIG. 3) during early stages of development closely resembles that of Maunachytrium keaense. Zoospores were spherical when motile (FIG. 3A), possessing one or multiple lipid globules. Germlings produced one or two rhizoidal axes (FIG. 3B-E), which, when two, were relatively proximal. The rhizoidal axis at the base of the zoosporangium continued to enlarge during growth (FIG. 3E, G, H), but the distal portions of the rhizoidal system were isodiametric (, 1 mm) and often convoluted and tangled (FIG. 3F-H). Zoospores were discharged through an inoperculate papilla (FIG. 3H). Resting spores were not ...
Context 4
... kinetosome and nonflagellated centriole are parallel or nearly so (FIG. 2C) and are connected by a fibril bridge, which is engulfed by densely staining material that partially surrounds the kinetosome (FIG. 2C, white arrow). This material appears denser in a narrow region where the material contacts kinetosome triplets, 4-8 (FIG. 2C). An irregular rumposome (FIG. 2B, D, E), , 0.05 mm thick, partially surrounds the lipid globule (FIG. 2B) or is continuous over adjacent globules (FIG. 2D). The fenestrae are in an irregular pattern (FIG. 2E), lacking the honey- comb-like structure seen in rumposomes (5 fenes- trated cisterna, e.g. Letcher et al. 2004) of other chytrid taxa. The thallus of Alogomyces tanneri (FIG. 3) during early stages of development closely resembles that of Maunachytrium keaense. Zoospores were spherical when motile (FIG. 3A), possessing one or multiple lipid globules. Germlings produced one or two rhizoidal axes (FIG. 3B-E), which, when two, were relatively proximal. The rhizoidal axis at the base of the zoosporangium continued to enlarge during growth (FIG. 3E, G, H), but the distal portions of the rhizoidal system were isodiametric (, 1 mm) and often convoluted and tangled (FIG. 3F-H). Zoospores were discharged through an inoperculate papilla (FIG. 3H). Resting spores were not ...
Context 5
... kinetosome and nonflagellated centriole are parallel or nearly so (FIG. 2C) and are connected by a fibril bridge, which is engulfed by densely staining material that partially surrounds the kinetosome (FIG. 2C, white arrow). This material appears denser in a narrow region where the material contacts kinetosome triplets, 4-8 (FIG. 2C). An irregular rumposome (FIG. 2B, D, E), , 0.05 mm thick, partially surrounds the lipid globule (FIG. 2B) or is continuous over adjacent globules (FIG. 2D). The fenestrae are in an irregular pattern (FIG. 2E), lacking the honey- comb-like structure seen in rumposomes (5 fenes- trated cisterna, e.g. Letcher et al. 2004) of other chytrid taxa. The thallus of Alogomyces tanneri (FIG. 3) during early stages of development closely resembles that of Maunachytrium keaense. Zoospores were spherical when motile (FIG. 3A), possessing one or multiple lipid globules. Germlings produced one or two rhizoidal axes (FIG. 3B-E), which, when two, were relatively proximal. The rhizoidal axis at the base of the zoosporangium continued to enlarge during growth (FIG. 3E, G, H), but the distal portions of the rhizoidal system were isodiametric (, 1 mm) and often convoluted and tangled (FIG. 3F-H). Zoospores were discharged through an inoperculate papilla (FIG. 3H). Resting spores were not ...
Context 6
... kinetosome and nonflagellated centriole are parallel or nearly so (FIG. 2C) and are connected by a fibril bridge, which is engulfed by densely staining material that partially surrounds the kinetosome (FIG. 2C, white arrow). This material appears denser in a narrow region where the material contacts kinetosome triplets, 4-8 (FIG. 2C). An irregular rumposome (FIG. 2B, D, E), , 0.05 mm thick, partially surrounds the lipid globule (FIG. 2B) or is continuous over adjacent globules (FIG. 2D). The fenestrae are in an irregular pattern (FIG. 2E), lacking the honey- comb-like structure seen in rumposomes (5 fenes- trated cisterna, e.g. Letcher et al. 2004) of other chytrid taxa. The thallus of Alogomyces tanneri (FIG. 3) during early stages of development closely resembles that of Maunachytrium keaense. Zoospores were spherical when motile (FIG. 3A), possessing one or multiple lipid globules. Germlings produced one or two rhizoidal axes (FIG. 3B-E), which, when two, were relatively proximal. The rhizoidal axis at the base of the zoosporangium continued to enlarge during growth (FIG. 3E, G, H), but the distal portions of the rhizoidal system were isodiametric (, 1 mm) and often convoluted and tangled (FIG. 3F-H). Zoospores were discharged through an inoperculate papilla (FIG. 3H). Resting spores were not ...
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Copyright © 2015, Mycologia.
... The most common polycentric genera, Cladochytrium and Nowakowskiella, are in this order and can be microscopically observed on thin-leafed aquatic plants in early stages of decay. The Lobulomycetales (Simmons et al., 2009Simmons et al., , 2012) contains four genera, which are found on pollen and snakeskin baits added to soils, freshwater samples, and manure. Amplifications of environmental samples of DNA by polymerase chain reactions have produced ribosomal DNA sequences that indicate that probable members of this order occur in agricultural fields, marine environments (Stoeck and Epstein, 2003;Ku¨pperKu¨pper et al., 2006), and deep sea hydrothermal vents (Le Calvez et al., 2009). ...
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The Chytridiomycota is a phylum in the kingdom Fungi, whose members produce unwalled, asexual spores that swim by means of a single, posteriorly directed flagellum. Members are microscopic saprobes or parasites found in fresh and saline water and soils. The phylum contains two classes, the Monoblepharidomycetes with one order and the Chytridiomycetes with seven orders and several undescribed groups. Orders are based on molecular and ultrastructural characters. Many species of chytrids were described without these characters and need to be re‐examined to place them in the proper orders and genera. Chytrids are important as degraders of cellulose, keratin and chitin and also as algal pathogens, sometimes controlling algal blooms. A few are plant pathogens with Synchytrium endobioticum causing black wart of potatoes. The rhizophydialean chytrid Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis grows in keratinised skin cells of amphibians and is pathogenic to many species, causing amphibian population declines on several continents and extirpation of some species.
Key Concepts
Members of the Chytridiomycota are ubiquitous in aquatic and terrestrial habitats and can be found by microscopically examining baits placed with aquatic debris or with soil plus water.
Chytridiomycota reproduce primarily by zoospores, which are mitotically produced, contained by a membrane and motile via a posteriorly directed flagellum.
Because of convergent evolution of light microscopic characters, many genera described before the molecular era are polyphyletic and may not be placed in the correct order.
Systematics in the Chytridiomycota relies on transmission electron microscopic features of zoospores and on DNA sequence information.
Algal parasites are usually species specific and are capable of affecting population levels of planktonic algae.
Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis is a chytrid pathogen of amphibians responsible for some amphibian population declines on at least five continents.
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