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Traditional knowledge about herbal medicine can be contributed from several cultures. With conventional techniques, it is hard to find a way in which experts can build a self-sustainable community for exchanging their knowledge. To alleviate the problem of gathering intellectual herbal information based on different cultures, the Knowledge Unifying...
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... Among the databases to study interactions between proteins or gene targets, IntAct (a molecular interaction DB; https://www.ebi.ac.uk/intact/home) [ HIT (a curated and comprehensive database offering data on herbal metabolites interaction with target proteins); NPASS (database for natural products, their biological targets and bioactivities) [57]; HerDing (recommends herbs to treat infections using information from bioactive molecules and genes through text mining and integration with many other databases); IMPPAT (manually curated database of Indian medicinal plants metabolites) [58]; Reaxys (a commercial, Elsevier-owned database, offering a vast metabolites library from data generated from years of scientific findings); TradiMed (a commercial platform that merges Korean and Chinese traditional medicines knowledge and insights to facilitate modern drug discovery from HMs); and TCM Database@Taiwan and Super Natural II, among a vast array of other databases [5,59]. Others include the South African Natural Compound (SANCDB) [60], Yet another Traditional Chinese Medicine (YaTCM) databases [61], KUIHerb [62,63], MedHerb and HerbalHall [64], and InPACdb [65]. ...
... Globally, numerous electronic archives store information about medicinal plants to curate heritage, disseminate 'Indigenous Knowledge' and in conserving or harvesting ecological resources. These tend to map herbs to scientific narratives about health and causes of ill-health (aetiology) [20, 31] and privilege Western cultural logics (e.g. intellectual property). ...
We describe a rural African community’s interactions in recording and interpreting video on herb lore in our endeavours to design digital systems that extend sharing knowledge in a system of traditional medicine (TM). Designing for such a system involves reflecting on own narratives about medicine and media and recognising that narratives reflect “cultural logics” and media transforms narratives. We used video as sites to explore meaning-making in herb lore; anchor our dialogic with, and about users; and, elicit design ideas. Participants’ prioritise speech, gesture and bodily interaction, above other visual context. Further, recordings can embody nuances in social relations and depict temporal patterns that are integral to TM pedagogy. However, such embodiments and depictions are disrupted by affordances of, and associations with, media; our abstraction; and, non-local ontologies (such as chronologic or geographic point-based representation). Our insights produce new design patterns by orienting us towards representing herb lore within the social-relational spaces that contextualise knowing, doing and moving, linked to corporeal and felt-experiences. More generally, uncovering transformations when media and narrative interact can improve analysis and designing for logics and literacies that profoundly differ from those typifying ubicomp.
... ethno pharmacology). These external curations tend to map knowledge to concepts within sc ientific narratives [27, 15] , using representations em erging within the W est's written and hyper-visual media culture. Mappings, such as to codify relationships between spiritual and emotional forces in Yoruba herbalism [23], may omit principles embedded in local practice, oral narratives or ritual. ...
Eliciting and analyzing requirements within knowledge systems, which fundamentally differ so far from technology supported systems represent particular challenges. African rural communities’ life is deeply rooted in an African Indigenous knowledge system manifested in their practices such as Traditional Medicine. We describe our endeavors to elicit requirements to design a system to support the accumulation and sharing of traditional local knowledge within two rural Herero communities in Namibia. We show how our method addressed various challenges in eliciting and depicting intangible principles arising because African communities do not dichotomize theoretical and practical know-how or privilege a science of abstraction and generalization. Ethnography provided insights into etiology, or causal interrelationships between social values, spiritual elements and everyday life. Participatory methods, involving youth and elders, revealed nuances in social relations and pedagogy pertinent to the transfer of knowledge from generation to generation. Researcher and participant-recorded audio-visual media revealed that interactions prioritize speech, gesture and bodily interaction, above visual context. Analysis of the performed and narrated structures reveal some of the ways that people tacitly transfer bodily and felt-experiences and temporal patterns in storytelling. Experiments using digital and paperbased media, in situ rurally showed the ways that people in rural settings encounter and learn within their everyday experiences of the land. These analyses also demonstrate that own ontological and representational biases can constrain eliciting local meanings and analyzing transformations in meaning as we introduce media. Reflections on our method are of value to others who need to elicit requirements in communities whose literacy, social and spiritual logic and values profoundly differ from those in the knowledge systems that typify ICT design. Polytechnic of Namibia
In Thailand, traditional medicine has been derived from several cultures, e.g., traditional Indian medicine (Ayurveda) and traditional Chinese medicine. Herbal medicine is an important part in Thai traditional medicine. Practitioners including pharmacists need knowledge of herbal medicine. However, it is hard for a student to familiar with several medicinal herbs with a limitation of time. To increase understanding in herbal medicine, a multi-lingual and multi-cultural learning tool for herbal medicine should be established. In this paper, KUIHerbRx2014, a Web-based supplement learning tool on herbal medicine, is introduced. The KUIHerbRx2014 supports a collaborative learning to improve knowledge and skills in multi-cultural herbal medicine with a scientific method. It also supports herb names in multi-lingual and multi-script. Activities of collecting, contributing new opinions, vote to existed opinions, and providing useful information to the system, were proposed to learn herbal medicine.
This chapter provides assessment of uses and retrieval of terms related to medicinal and aromatic plants in databases available on different platforms/interfaces: ABI/Inform Global (ProQuest; business, management, finance, trade, markets), Agricola (NAL, American National Agricultural Library), Agris-Agrovoc (FAO, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations), CAB Abstracts/OVID (CABI, CAB International; agriculture), Compendex (Ei/Engineering Index, Elsevier; engineering, technical sciences), FSTA (IFIS, International Food Information System; food/drink sciences, technology, human nutrition), Medline/Ebsco-MeSH (NLM, American National Library of Medicine; health, medical sciences (biomedicine), veterinary medicine), Scopus/SciVerse (Elsevier; citation database), Sociological Abstracts (ProQuest; social sciences, e.g. human-environment interactions, rural sociology, ethnology), Web of Science/Web of Knowledge (Thomson Reuters; citation database). Database features and functionalities are reviewed. The applicable terms (used for indexing, controlled glossaries, descriptors, subjects headings, keywords) are located in respective thesauri, e.g.: drug crops, drug plants, essential oil crops, essential oil plants, herbal drugs, herbal medicine, medicinal plants, phytotherapy, “plants, medicinal”. Several additional terms and non-descriptors are identified, e.g. aromatic plants, herbaceous agents, herbal remedies, ethnobotany, herbal products, herbal preparations, plant drugs, herbal therapies. Search utilities, principles and rules are tested, e.g. search syntax (query), operators (Boolean, proximity, context), field codes, truncation (wildcard), phrase search, stemming (lemmatization). Bibliometric (scientometric) analysis is conducted in selective databases in order to tentatively assess the numbers and growth of potentially relevant records.
