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To determine the prevalence of apical periodontitis and assess the quality of endodontic fillings in the population of the city of Zagreb, Croatia.
A total of 1462 orthopantomograms from new patients at 6 different dental practices was analyzed during 2006 and 2007. The presence of periapical lesions was determined by using the periapical index sco...
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Objectives
The aim of this cross-sectional study was to quantify and analyse the prevalence of periapical lesions according to the periapical index of Ørstavik (PAI) in patients from first consultations at Dentistry Area of FMUC/HUC.
Methods
From 856 patients, 157 were selected during the first consultations at the Dentistry Area of FMUC/HUC betwe...
Periapical diseases are induced as a result of the direct or indirect involvement of oral bacteria. The etiologic factor being the degenerating pulp tissue. A periapical lesion is formed within an area of apical periodontitis which cannot form by itself and is inflammatory in origin. If the microbial etiology of periapical lesions and in the root c...
Estudo da prevalência de periodontite apical numa população adulta portuguesa informação sobre o artigo Historial do artigo: Recebido a 9 de janeiro de 2013 Aceite a 21 de novembro de 2013 On-line a 17 de janeiro de 2014 Palavras-chave: Endodontia Periodontite apical Epidemiologia Investigação r e s u m o Objetivos: Estudo descritivo transversal cu...
Aims To examine the effect of the quality of root canal fillings and prosthetic restorations on the frequency of apical periodontitis (AP).
Methodology A total of 200 radiographs of 1,098 teeth with indirect restorations were selected. Each case was documented by age, sex, tooth location, tooth type, restoration type and presence of root canal trea...
Background
The objective of this report was to highlight the importance of using a dental operating microscope (DOM) to locate supernumerary canals and diagnose variations in root canals using cone-beam computed tomographic (CBCT) images.
Case presentation
A 35-year-old Chinese female had repeated swelling in the upper right posterior maxilla for...
Citations
... All labeled image components have been classified into three groups according to PAI classification ( Table 1 ) [5] : PAI 3, PAI 4, and PAI5. According to previous studies, PAI 1 and PAI 2 are considered normal and eliminated [6][7][8][9] . All original images have a resolution of 235 dpi, a width of 24 4 4 px, and a height of 1292 px. ...
Deep learning has been studied in recent years to identify periapical lesions- a significant indicator of periapical periodontitis in radiographs. An accurate dataset is essential for constructing an efficient learning model for detecting periapical lesions. In order to achieve this goal, we gathered and created a database of panoramic radiographs containing periapical lesions from the High-quality Dental Treatment Centre, School of Dentistry, Hanoi Medical University, between January 2016 and March 2021. Out of 16,519 radiographs, three experienced dentists identified 3,926 images of periapical lesions and annotated those lesions based on the Periapical Lesions Classification. By applying well-known data processing techniques (e.g. scaling, mirroring, and flipping), the amount of data is increased to 17,004 images through generating additional images for machine learning. The dataset has three folders: one for the original photos, one for the post-augmentation images, and the rest for the annotation of periapical lesions. The information could assist researchers in developing a predictive machine model for detecting periapical lesions in radiographs.
... The study characteristics of the selected articles are demonstrated in Table 1. All the 52 studies in this systematic review were cross-sectional studies and published between 1987 and 2022 [17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,56,57,58,59,60,61,62,63,64,65,66,67,68]. This review included studies with a total sample size of 29,613 (males=10,452, females=12,916), and the gender was not reported for 6,245 subjects . ...
... Two studies in each of the following populations showed the following values: 553 and 5,312 teeth with PARL in the French populations [53,54]; 303 and 656 teeth with PARL in the Belgian populations [27,56]; 209 and 409 teeth with PARL in the Scottish populations [32,59]; 118 and 189 teeth with PARL in the Dutch populations [41,64]. One study in each of the following populations showed the following values: 3,657 teeth with PARL in the Belarusian population [48]; 3,251 teeth with PARL in the Croatian population [37]; 1,022 teeth with PARL in the Greek population [47]; 538 teeth with PARL in the Danish population [55]; 282 teeth with PARL in the Lithuanian population [57]; 186 teeth with PARL in the Spanish population [51]; 152 teeth with PARL in the Irish population [49]; and 138 teeth with PARL in the British population [31]. ...
... Two studies in each of the following populations showed the following values: 1,026 and 1,429 teeth with NSRCT in the French populations [53,54]; 312 and 1,357 teeth in the Belgian populations [27,56]; 171 and 472 teeth with NSRCT in the Scottish populations [32,59]; 97 and 224 teeth with NSRCT in the Dutch populations [41,64]. One study in each of the following populations showed the following values: 6,339 teeth with NSRCT in the Belarusian population [48]; 3,279 teeth with NSRCT in the Croatian population [37]; 773 teeth with NSRCT in the Danish population [55]; 656 teeth with NSRCT in the Greek population [47]; 320 teeth with NSRCT in the Lithuanian population [57]; 152 teeth with NSRCT in the Irish population [49]; 115 teeth with NSRCT in the British population [31]; and 93 teeth with NSRCT in the Spanish population [51]. ...
Cross-sectional studies assess a population’s health state and the prevalence of diseases or treatments. Few systematic reviews regarding the prevalence of periapical radiolucency (PARL) and nonsurgical root canal treatment (NSRCT) were conducted in the last decade. The goal of this study was to collect and review all updated and available cross-sectional studies that focus on the prevalence of both PARL and NSRCT in adult populations. It involves a systematic literature review of cross-sectional studies on the prevalence of PARL and NSRCT published from 1987 to 2022 in PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and Scopus with specific keywords used in the search process. A total of 52 articles were included in this systematic review. The majority of the included articles were from different populations. The overall prevalence of teeth with PARL was 43,522 (6.40%), while the prevalence of NSRCT teeth was 52,149 (7.67%). On the other hand, the
overall prevalence of PARL in teeth that have received endodontic treatment and teeth that have not received endodontic treatment were 22,110 (3.25%) and 21,412 (3.15%), respectively. A meta-analysis was not performed due to underreporting of publication bias and the high degree of heterogeneity between studies. The overall risk of bias assessment revealed a low risk of bias in 25 (48%) of the included studies. The prevalence of NSRCT was higher at 7.67%, followed by PARL at approximately 6.40%. However, future studies are recommended to investigate the prevalence of both PARL and NSRCT in different patient
populations.
... Forty-five studies were classified as moderate risk of bias (Ahmed et al., 2017;Al-Omari et al., 2011;Alrahabi & Younes, 2016;Archana et al., 2015;Asgary et al., 2010;Bürklein et al., 2020;da Paes Silva Ramos Fernandes et al., 2013;Da Silva et al., 2009;De Cleen et al., 1993;De Moor et al., 2000;Di Filippo et al., 2014;Dugas et al., 2003;Gencoglu et al., 2010;Georgopoulou et al., 2005;Gulsahi et al., 2008;Hebling et al., 2014;Hussein et al., 2016;Huumonen et al., 2012;Imfeld, 1991;Jersa & Kundzina, 2013;Jiménez-Pinzón et al., 2004;Kabak & Abbott, 2005;Kalender et al., 2013;Kamberi et al., 2011; F I G U R E 3 Forest plot of the studies that have calculated the percentage of people with at least one root filled teeth (RFT) in the total sample. Kielbassa et al., 2017;Kirkevang et al., 2001Kirkevang et al., , 2006Lemagner et al., 2015;Lupi-Pegurier et al., 2002;Marques et al., 1998;Matijević et al., 2011;Mukhaimer et al., 2012;Özbaş et al., 2011;Peters et al., 2011;Petersson et al., 1989;Rocha et al., 2012;Segura-Egea et al., 2008;Sidaravicius et al., 1999;Skudutyte-Rysstad & Eriksen, 2006;Terças et al., 2006;Timmerman et al., 2017;Touré et al., 2008;Tsuneishi et al., 2005;Ureyen Kaya et al., 2013;Van der Veken et al., 2017;Zhong et al., 2008), and only two of the 74 included studies were classified as low risk of bias (Huumonen et al., 2017;Ödesjö et al., 1990). ...
Background:
The prevalence of root filled teeth (RFT) worldwide will inform about the amount of clinical activity of dentists dedicated to treat endodontic disease.
Objectives:
To carry out a systematic review with meta-analysis answering the following question: What is the prevalence of RFT around the world? The percentage of people with at least one RFT was also investigated.
Methods:
A systematic review including population-based studies using the following databases: PubMed, EMBASE and Scielo. Studies related to prevalence of RFT were included. The outcome of interest of the study was the prevalence of RFT. The meta-analyses were calculated with the Open Meta Analyst software to determine the global prevalence of RFT. Subgroups analyses were performed comparing geographical distribution, radiographic method and year of the study (classified in 20th or 21th century). The prevalence of people with at least one RFT was also analysed.
Results:
Seventy-four population-based studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Twenty-eight, forty-four and two studies reported high, moderate, and low risk of bias, respectively. No obvious publication bias was observed. Prevalence of RFT were estimated with 1,201,255 teeth and 32,162 patients. The calculated worldwide prevalence of RFT was 8.2% (95% CI = 7.3 - 9.1%; p < 0.001). The global prevalence of people with at least one RFT was 55.7% (95% CI = 49.6 - 61.8%; p < 0.001). In 20th century the prevalence of RFT was 10.2% (95% CI = 7.9 - 12.5%; p < 0.001), whereas in the 21st century the overall calculated prevalence of RFT was 7.5% (95% CI = 6.5 - 8.6%; p < 0.001). Brazilian people (12%) and the European population (9.3%) showed the highest prevalence of RFT. In Europe, 59.6% (95% CI = 52.4-66.8%) of people has at least one RFT.
Conclusions:
This review showed that RCT is a very common therapy throughout the world. More than half of the studied population have at least one RFT. A limitation of the present study is that most of the studies did not consider random sampling for population selection.
... The relationship between the quality of root canal treatment and periapical status according to tooth type and location has been shown in a small number of cross-sectional studies [39,40]. Our study demonstrates that anterior and molar teeth with inadequate obturation were found to have 1.27 and 1.56 times more AP risk than other teeth in maxilla, respectively. ...
Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the quality of root canal fillings and their relationship with apical periodontitis (AP) in a selected Turkish population. Material and Methods: The cases in this study was formed of patients attending routine dental treatment at the Faculty of Dentistry, University of Birun. 1024 patients were examined with panoramic radiographs and 1780 endodontically treated teeth with present periapical radiographs. Endodontic treatment quality was evaluated by obturation length, density, taper quality and iatrogenic errors. Presence of AP was analysed according to Ørstavik’s periapical index (PAI). The chi-square test was used for statistical analyses. Results: Statistically significant relationship was found between both the tooth type and location with obturation quality (p: 0.000; p < 0.05). Obturation quality of maxillary and mandibular molars are significantly less than the other tooth types in the same location. Apical periodontitis were noticed in 740 teeth (41.6%). Inadequate obturation quality was found to be significantly effective on the periapical status of tooth types both in maxilla and mandible (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The frequency of inadequate root canal obturations of endodontically treated teeth of the selected Turkish population was high, especially in molar teeth and women. Even though radiographic obturation quality is not the only success criteria in endodontic treatment, it is still one of the most important criteria regarding the positive correlation of “inadequate” obturations with AP.KEYWORDSPeriapical periodontitis; Radiography; Root canal obturation; Root canal theraphy.
... This could be due to the fact that our sample was made up of students, mostly young adults. Nevertheless, the occurrence of periapical reactions (20%) was greater than or compatible with that of some previous studies [9,23,26,28]. ...
Objective:
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the incidence of endodontic treatment and the quality of root canal fillings in Brazilian undergraduate dental students. The study was similar those conducted 10, 20, 30, and 40 years earlier.
Methods:
A total of 407 undergraduate dental students were evaluated by using questionnaires to identify endodontic treatments, with each treatment being radiographed for the analysis of the presence of a periapical radiolucency and the quality of the root canal filling.
Results:
Forty root canal fillings were found: 32 (80%) completely filled, seven (17.5%) incompletely filled, and one (2.5%) overfilled.
Conclusion:
This study showed a low prevalence of endodontic treatment in dentistry students, and the evaluated root canals that were filled were high quality, with few cases suggesting periapical lesions.
... The outcome of endodontic treatment is generally judged on clinical as well as radiological findings. In recent literature, the prevalence of apical periodontitis (AP) in root filled teeth from various countries has been reported to be on average 40 % with a range 8.5 % to 71.9 % [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] [Fig. 1]. ...
Objective:
The aim of this study was to assess endodontic retreatment outcomes based on quality of obturation and healing.
Materials and methods:
A total number of 223 radiographs of patients who had received endodontic retreatment during the period (2008-2015) at a postgraduate teaching clinic were selected. Unreadable radiographs were all excluded. From the original sample of 223 in total 24 radiographs were discarded. The final sample thus consisted of 199 root canal fillings. All radiographs were individually evaluated for the density of the root filling as well as the distance between the end of the root canal filling and radiographic apex based on a six-point scoring system. Subsequently, patients were reviewed and follow up periapical radiographs were exposed. The outcome of healing was assessed using the Periapical Index (PAI) scoring system. The data were analysed using Chi Square test (p < 0.05).
Results:
The study revealed that 78.9% of the endodontic retreatments were both homogeneity and length acceptable. The corresponding figure was only 13.1% before endodontic retreatment. Conversely, homogeneity and length unacceptable before endodontic retreatment was 47.2% reducing to a mere 2.5% after retreatment. The results were statistically significant (P < 0.001). There was over 80% improvement in periapical healing following endodontic retreatment and this was also statistically significant (P < 0.001).
Conclusion:
There was a significant improvement in outcome after endodontic retreatment on the postgraduate endodontic clinic. The success rate of endodontic retreatment was over 70% which is in line with the endodontic literature. Radiographic follow up confirmed some 81% improvement in healing rate following endodontic retreatment.
Clinical significance:
Endodontic re-treatment cases are normally categorised as high complexity and as such referral to specialist settings should be considered to help improve treatment outcomes.
... It has been shown that the unsatisfactory quality of primary root canal fillings with inadequate length and homogeneity of the filling often leads to the development of a periapical process (17). An insufficient awareness of the etiology of persistent endodontic diseases and treatment possibilities leads to the increased referral to endodontic surgery (18). ...
... Pokazalo se da punjenja korijenskih kanala neadekvatne dužine i homogenosti često završavaju pojavom periapikalnih procesa (17). Nedovoljna svijest o etiologiji perzistentne endodontske bolesti i mogućnosti liječenja, uzrok je povećanog postotka upućivanja pacijenata na endodontsko-kirurški zahvat (18). ...
... transposition and transportation of apex (20,28). The decision about the treatment should therefore not be based solely on the radiographic finding (17). In our research, the connection between the treatment decision and radiographically estimated quality of filling was not significant (p<0.05). ...
Objective: The objective of the study was to assess the quality of root canal fillings of cases referred to endodontic surgery using preoperative radiographs and correlate it with endodontic surgery treatment decision. The objective was also to analyse clinical symptoms and size of periapical lesions on radiographs and correlate them with treatment decisions including non-surgical retreatment, endodontic surgery and extraction. Material and Methods: A questionnaire was composed to record the data. Eighty-six patients with 109 teeth, who were referred to endodontic surgery, participated in the research. The quality of root canal filling was assessed according to its homogeneity and filling length
on digital radiographs. The data were analyzed using χ2-test and t-test. Results: Of the teeth referred to endodontic surgery, 97.2% were treated by a general practice dentist, endodontic retreatment was attempted in 20.6%, and root canal filling was homogeneous and within 1 mm from the apex in 21.6%. Endodontic surgery, retreatment, extraction and no treatment were selected in 90.1%, 5.4%, 1.8% and 2.7% of the cases, respectively. Conclusions: Low percentage of adequate root canal fillings and high percentage of endodontic surgery decisions suggest that there is a need to increase awareness of non-surgical retreatment options.
... In the current study, more than 50% of RCF teeth were associated with periradicular radiolucencies. This lower-level result, although unexpected, is in line with some previous studies from different countrieshigh incidence of periradicular lesions in RCF teeth (50% to 62%) has been reported in Brazil [55], Senegal [56], Croatia [40], Palestine [57], and Cyprus [58]. Root canal treatment quality is considered a key factor for the health of periradicular tissues [17,59]. ...
Background:
Apical periodontitis (AP) is an inflammatory disease around the apex of a tooth root. Reported prevalence of AP ranges from 27% to 83% while the data about most post-Soviet countries are still missing. Knowing the prevalence of AP within a certain population helps to plan the treatment need and evaluate the success of endodontic interventions. We aimed to collect data about prevalence and determining factors of AP for the first time in Estonia.
Methods:
The cross-sectional study included 6552 patients (age 35.5±19.2 years). Radiographic examination was applied to investigate the prevalence of AP and quality of endodontic treatment.
Results:
AP was diagnosed in 54.7% of subjects. Endodontically treated teeth were present in 58.2% of subjects. Periapical finding was present in 44.6% of endodontically treated and in 30.8% of untreated teeth. Out of 181,495 teeth, 52.7% were intact. AP was diagnosed in 6.3% of teeth, 6.9% of teeth were endodontically treated. Risk factors for AP included caries (OR = 2.30), male gender (OR = 1.44), too short (OR = 1.76) or too long root canal filling (OR = 2.51), root canal filling of low density (OR = 1.61) while not orthodontic appliance. Lower AP risk was associated with restoration of the tooth - filling (OR = 0.45), crown (OR = 0.34) and bridge (OR = 0.33).
Conclusions:
AP is highly prevalent in Southern Estonian population. Most cases are associated with root canal-treated teeth. The overall quality of root canal fillings tends to be low, consistent with the mediocre outcome of treatment. Considerable efforts are required to improve the standards of endodontic treatment.
... Matijevic i wsp analizowali 1462 obrazy pantomograficzne mieszkańców Zagrzebia. Wśród 38440 analizowanych zębów 3279 było leczonych endodontycznie, co pozwoliło ustalić odsetek podjętej terapii na poziomie 8,53% [9]. ...
... The parameters used in this study (overall quality of root filling based on length/density of root filling and presence/absence and the degree of AP) were evaluated based on those described by other researchers [11][12][13]. ...
... The relationship between the quality of endodontic treatment and the prevalence of apical periodontitis has been demonstrated in a large number of epidemiological studies [11,16,[34][35][36][37]. The present work showed that more than twothirds of root canal-treated teeth (66.8%) presented apical periodontitis. ...
Aim
The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of apical periodontitis (AP) and quality of root canal fillings in an adult Moroccan subpopulation.
Methods
In the study 508 patients were included, attending the Conservative Dentistry Clinic at the Faculty of Dentistry of Casablanca. 508 panoramic and 709 periapical radiographs were observed. The periapical status of all teeth (with the exception of third molars) was examined according to Ørstavik's periapical index. The statistical analysis was performed with the software Epi Info Version 6.04dfr, April 2001.
Results
A total of 12719 teeth were examined. 45.3% of patients had apical periodontitis. 4.2% of teeth were treated endodontically and 70.4% of these treatments were inadequate. 91,5% with inadequate endodontic treatment presented apical periodontitis, while only 8,2% with adequate endodontic treatment had apical periodontitis. The lower molars and the upper premolars were the most affected teeth. The presence of apical periodontitis was correlated significantly with insufficient root canal fillings (p < 0.05).
Conclusions
The present study found a high prevalence of apical periodontitis in this Moroccan population. Inadequate root canal fillings were associated with an increased prevalence of apical periodontitis.
