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This paper proposes a new methodology for solving the scheduling problem of center pivot system irrigation timetable based on the Luus–Jaakola optimization method. The new methodology considers as influencing factors the water and energy consumed and the limit of the available flow to the areas that are being irrigated. The methodology allows the i...
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... Due to possible energy shortages combined with increasing costs in recent years, an attempt is made to rationalize energy use by using water more efficiently in irrigation (Fernandes et al., 2020). Energy is currently one of the main costs in irrigated agriculture (Barbosa et al., 2018;Boyer et al., 2014) and its cost should always be considered in irrigation projects, especially in times of energy crisis and with constant tariff adjustments. ...
Energy is currently one of the main production costs in irrigated agriculture and its cost must always be considered in irrigation projects. In regions such as the Brazilian Cerrado, where there is a continuous growth of irrigated agriculture, it is important to evaluate technologies that can increase the efficiency and viability of irrigation. Precision irrigation has great potential to increase the economic return on rural properties with a reduction in electricity consumption. The present work aimed to evaluate the increased profitability and energy savings potential of the soybean crop using precision irrigation with a center pivot. To evaluate the potential benefits of precision irrigation (PI), irrigation demand was simulated through modeling. The irrigation computer model was developed in Python language. The study was carried out in the area of two center pivots with soils with different hydro-physical characteristics. Soil available water capacity (AWC) was calculated based on field capacity, permanent wilting point and bulk density data. The irrigation management under homogeneous soil conditions was carried out considering the lowest, the average, and the highest AWC value. The management under variable conditions was carried out individually for each pixel, considering the real AWC value of the pixel. Also, four sowing dates of the soybean crop were considered in a rainy year and a dry year. The results indicated an average energy savings potential (ESP) of 5.0% in the rainy year and 4.5% in the dry year. The average potential for increasing profitability (IPP) was 20.4% in the rainy year and 12.5% in the dry year. The use of PI can reach ESPs of up to 25.3% and IPPs of up to 106.2%. The benefits documented here are an important step towards the development of precision irrigation as an efficient irrigation management strategy.
... Optimal searching is performed by a classical Luus-Jaakola algorithm, which is depicted in the flow-chart diagram of Fig. 1. For a deeper description and revision of the Luus-Jaakola algorithm, please refer to Liao and Luus [29] and Fernándes et al. [31] The optimization method ( Fig. 1) is first supplied with all initial conditions for the 26 species; physicochemical parameters (liquid-gas exchange); biochemical and biological kinetics (maximum growth rates, saturation, and inhibition constants and biomass/substrate yields); the initial guess for the objective parameters, t air and oxygen concentration in microaeration in the biodigester (S O2 ); and the lower (t low air = 0 days, S low O2 = 0 ppm) and upper (t up air = 100 days, S up O2 = 10 ppm) limits for the optimization parameters for the optimum search, which were taken from typical values employed in the microaeration literature [13,17,20,32,33]. Then, a forward finite difference subroutine solves the ADM1-S/O model. ...
... Besides, soft contour lines are present on both surfaces, suggesting local minima and convexity problems for multi-objective minimization algorithms. In this context, the Luus-Jaakola method is widely justified because swarm algorithms have gained popularity to selectively explore local minima (within parameter-bounded domains) [31]. ...
Anaerobic digestion of cow manure is one of the preferred alternatives for reducing environmental impacts of cattle farming and producing biomethane. Full-scale biodigesters usually incorporate expensive motorized electric generators, whose life cycle is shortened by one of the trace components of biomethane, the corroding hydrogen sulfide, which is a metabolite of strict anaerobic digestion of rich-sulfate substrates. In this work, the extended mathematical model ADM1-S/O and the Luus-Jaakola method were employed to determine in silico the microaeration initiation time of biodigesters treating cow manure as a single substrate that minimizes the hydrogen sulfide production, while methane production remains at competitive levels (0.45 ± 0.02 g of CH4/ g of VS). Optimization results from the mathematical model showed that optimal microaeration initiation time is day 11, whereas oxygen concentration in the biodigester is 1.936 × 10⁻⁴ ppm (equivalent to 0.52 g of O2 / kg of VS). Experimentally validation is evaluated (statistical significance for optimized parameters in the experimental fitting was ≥ 95 %, and CV-RMSE of 12.56 %) in a non-perfectly mixed batch bioreactor of bench-scale. Microbial consortia evolution is simulated to propose a more mechanistic and deeper explanation of the microaeration effect.
