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Robot vacuum cleaners are among the first service robots to enter daily life. However, robot vacuum cleaners are currently inaccessible to many due to their high cost. In order for these robots to become widespread, they must be cheap and functional. In this study, the design and production of a low-cost, high-performance vacuum cleaner robot that...
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... Their advantages, compared to traditional cleaning, include scheduling and tracking capabilities, automatic docking and recharge, cordless design, cleaning under furniture, and remote-control functions that are useful for people with limited mobility. Conversely, the robots' disadvantages include the risk of becoming stuck or flipping over, frequent dust bin changes, long cleaning times, short battery lifespan, and uselessness on stairs and higher surfaces [56,57]. The design of this product type may be divided into three dimensions: mechanical, electrical, and software [56]. ...
... Conversely, the robots' disadvantages include the risk of becoming stuck or flipping over, frequent dust bin changes, long cleaning times, short battery lifespan, and uselessness on stairs and higher surfaces [56,57]. The design of this product type may be divided into three dimensions: mechanical, electrical, and software [56]. The example provided here involves mechanical and electrical changes made to improve product sustainability. ...
Improving product sustainability is becoming an increasingly significant challenge for modern enterprises. A growing number of manufacturers are interested in enhancing product sustainability throughout the product life cycle. This study is concerned with using case-based reasoning to identify ways of improving product sustainability and select variables for model specification. Parametric models are applied to search for opportunities to improve product sustainability. This can be achieved through changes introduced at the product design stage. Simulations are performed using constraint-satisfaction modeling to identify conditions for achieving the sustainability targets of new products. Constraint-satisfaction modeling provides a suitable framework for finding all possible sustainability-enhancing changes (if any) during the new product development process. These changes may support R&D specialists in identifying opportunities to improve the sustainability of new products. We demonstrate the usefulness of the proposed approach with an example in which our method enabled a reduction in the product failure rate and an increase of battery lifespan for a robot vacuum cleaner line. We analyzed several factors affecting two targets of product sustainability: minimizing the product failure rate and maximizing battery lifespan. Our findings indicate that R&D staff size is the biggest factor in reducing the product failure rate, and that battery capacity is the most significant factor in battery lifespan.
... Cleaning robots designed for largescale scenarios tend to have large volumes and are equipped with multiple modes of operation, such as washing, sweeping, mopping and disinfecting modes, and some are also equipped with robotic arms for handling larger debris [33]. Despite these capabilities, due to the complexity of open environments, these larger robots still require manual operation [34]. ...
The intelligent operation mode decision scheme has been proved to be a promising solution for enhancing the cleaning performance of cleaning robots. In this paper, we propose a lightweight operation mode decision method for cleaning robots, driven by garbage attributes perception. The method aims to enable cleaning robots to intelligently select the most appropriate operation mode when dealing with different types of garbage, thereby improving their cleaning efficiency. Specifically, we propose a lightweight garbage attributes extraction network (LGAE-Net) based on inverted residuals, which adopts the proposed deep dynamic attention convolution (DDA-Conv) as its basic structure and adaptively extracts share features of attributes while reducing computational complexity. Then, the network adopts a multi-label architecture to predict multiple attributes, and a dynamic weighting joint learning strategy is introduced to alleviate the problem of imbalanced difficulty in attribute learning. Finally, based on the extraction of attributes, a decision module for operation mode is constructed. This module enables fast decision from the perception of attributes to the selection of an operation mode. Our proposed method achieves 94.26% decision accuracy on the test dataset, and the single-sheet recognition rate is only 1.63 msec. In addition, it maintains a parameter count (Params(M)) of approximately 2.97M and floating-point operations (FLOPs(M)) of only 94.91M, which reflects the excellent balance of accuracy and efficiency of the method, and can meet the real-time requirements of cleaning robots.
... However, there are certain aspects of Roomba's robot that might be upgraded. Nonetheless, the robot was eventually withdrawn due to collisions with objects and could not clean trash in tiny regions [15]. Many research works have been conducted on improving the functionality and efficiency of cleaning robots. ...
A smart vacuum robot is a remarkable technological achievement that makes cleaning more efficient, faster, and easier. According to this study, the smart vacuum cleaning robot can be operated manually, automatically, mopped/swept, vacuumed/vacuumed, and observed from 360°. A design of a smart vacuum-cleaning robot is proposed with different characteristics. The Arduino IDE and Proteus Design Suite 8 Professional software were employed for analytical analysis, with a microcontroller serving as the primary control component. The hardware implementation comprises a microcontroller, ultrasonic sensor, and light-dependent resistor (LDR) where the ultrasonic sensor identifies obstacles (trash). Therefore, the LDR emits light and sends the microcontroller's signal to the microprocessor. All the sensors in the proposed system operated flawlessly during the experiment. Moreover, all the sensors were performing perfectly. With additional features of this robot, it can continue its operation during darkness. The proposed robot is equipped with a number of creative and intelligent features that allow it to provide the maximum possible support to employees, housewives, and ordinary people. This work presents a new notion of an advanced cleaning robot employing cutting-edge technology that can work independently in automated and regular situations and dramatically improve the cleaning system for humanity.
... In [9], it is mentioned that the development of independent robots for floor cleaning applications saves a significant amount of time in our daily routine. In addition, the cost of robot hardware is reduced, and cleaning modules are built on for specific tasks [10][11][12]. Besides the standard cleaning robots, Ref. [13] introduced a reconfigured flooring cleaning robot called hTetro which is able to transform into any of seven shapes ('I', 'S', 'J', 'O', 'T', 'Z', and 'L') to maximize floor coverage in narrow spaces between furniture. ...
Floor-cleaning robots are becoming popular and operating in public places to ensure the places are clean and tidy. These robots are often operated in a dynamic environment that is less safe and has a high probability of ending up in accidents. Sound event-based context detection is expected to overcome drawbacks in a robot’s visual sensing to avoid a hazardous environment, especially in improper illumination and occlusion situations. Even though numerous studies in the literature discuss the benefits of sound-based context detection, there is no work reported related to context avoidance for cleaning robots. To this end, we propose a novel context avoidance framework based on a deep-learning method that can detect and classify a specific sound and localize the source from a robot’s frame to avoid that environment. The proposed model receives the spectrogram from the array of microphones as the input and produces two parallel outputs. The first output provides information about the spectrum class after running the classification task. The second output contains the localization message of the identified sound source. With the identity of the location that needs to be avoided, the proposed module will generate an alternative trajectory. The proposed model is evaluated in two real-world scenarios, wherein the model is trained to detect the escalator sound in the robot’s surroundings and avoid its location. In all considered scenarios, the developed system accomplished a significantly higher success rate in detecting and avoiding the escalator.
... In the software design of the robot, they designed an Android application for a bluetooth-based remote control. With the application, the operation of the vacuum and brush motor can be controlled while the robot moves [29]. Kırlı et al. who created the environment map with a mobile robot with six wheels and differential drive, made mobile robot operations and Android device developments using the robot operating system (ROS). ...
In this study, a Bluetooth-based Android application interface is developed to perform a manual and automatic control of a four-wheel-driven mobile robot designed for education, research, health, military, and many other fields. The proposed application with MIT App Inventor consists of three components: the main screen, the manual control screen, and the automatic control screen. The main screen is where the actions of the control preference selection such as manual control and automatic control and the Bluetooth connection between the mobile robot and Android phone occur. When the robot is operated manually for calibration or manual positioning purposes, the manual control screen is employed to adjust the desired robot movement and speed by hand. In the case of the need for automatic motion control, the desired robot position and speed data are inserted into the mobile robot processor through the automatic control screen. At the first stage of the work, the proposed Android application is developed with the design and block editors of the MIT App Inventor. The compiled application is then installed on the Android phone. Next, the communication between the Arduino microcontroller used for the robot control with the Bluetooth protocol and the Android application is established. The accuracy of the data dispatched to the Arduino is tested on the serial connection screen. It is validated that the data from the Android application is transferred to Arduino smoothly. At the end of this study, the manual and automatic controls of the proposed mobile robot are performed experimentally and success of the coordination between the Android application and the mobile robot are demonstrated.
... The block editor is an environment where the designer can visually edit the logic of their application with color-coded blocks that interlock like puzzle pieces to explain the program. In the last decade, besides applications such as automation systems [10][11][12][13], air pollution monitoring systems [14], mobile phone applications [15], education [16,17], health [18], machine monitoring and control [19,20] Android applications are also used for robotic systems [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34]. ...
... In the software design of the robot, they designed an Android application for a bluetooth-based remote control. With the application, the operation of the vacuum and brush motor can be controlled while the robot moves [30]. Kırlı et al. who created the environment map with a mobile robot with six wheels and differential drive, made mobile robot operations and Android device developments using the robot operating system (ROS). ...
In this study, a Bluetooth-based Android application interface is developed to perform a manual and automatic control of a four-wheel-driven mobile robot designed for education, research, health, military, and many other fields. The proposed application with MIT App Inventor consists of three components: the main screen, the manual control screen, and the automatic control screen. The main screen is where the actions of the control preference selection such as manual control and automatic control and the Bluetooth connection between the mobile robot and Android phone occur. When the robot is operated manually for calibration or manual positioning purposes, the manual control screen is employed to adjust the desired robot movement and speed by hand. In the case of the need for automatic motion control, the desired robot position and speed data are inserted into the mobile robot processor through the automatic control screen. At the first stage of the work, the proposed Android application is developed with the design and block editors of the MIT App Inventor. The compiled application is then installed on the Android phone. Next, the communication between the Arduino microcontroller used for the robot control with the Bluetooth protocol and the Android application is established. The accuracy of the data dispatched to the Arduino is tested on the serial connection screen. It is validated that the data from the Android application is transferred to Arduino smoothly. At the end of this study, the manual and automatic controls of the proposed mobile robot are performed experimentally and success of the coordination between the Android application and the mobile robot are demonstrated.
This paper designs and presents an autonomous floor-cleaning robot comprising a chassis, driving system, belt brush type dry and wet cleaning unit, and a hot air drier unit on the back side of the robot to dry the surface after the wet cleaning operation. The chassis of the robot is made up of an acrylic sheet with a circular shape. The various electronic parts of a robot, like batteries, sensors, motors, motor drivers, and microcontroller, are equipped on the chassis. The driving system is mounted below the base plate of the chassis and comprises a caster wheel and two powered wheels. The long-size belt brush-type dry cleaning is designed, which helps the robot accumulate all the dust and waste particles onto the central portion below the chassis so that the particles can be sucked into a dry waste container by a vacuum system. Similarly, the belt brush-type arrangement is used in a wet cleaning unit also that works like a rectangular mopping system and provides a maximum contact area than the existing roller-type cleaning brush. Moreover, the water is supplied in the wet cleaning belt through the pipe connected to the water container. After wet cleaning, the hot air drier unit comes into action and dries the wet floor. The SLAM (Simultaneous Localization and Mapping) method and LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) sensor are attached to the robot to map the environment and determine the navigation path with obstacles detection and avoidance during the cleaning process. Further, an experimental study demonstrates that the robot successfully performs the cleaning process without human intervention and extra waiting time post the cleaning operation.
The integration of blockchain and machine learning technologies has the potential to enable the development of more secure, reliable, and efficient autonomous car systems. Blockchain can be used to store, manage, and share the large amounts of data generated by autonomous vehicle various sensors and cameras, ensuring the integrity and security of these data. Machine learning algorithms can be used to analyze and fuse these data in real time, allowing the vehicle to make informed decisions about how to navigate its environment and respond to changing conditions. Thus, the combination of these technologies has the potential to improve the safety, performance, and scalability of autonomous car systems, making them a more applicable and attractive option for consumers and industry stakeholders. In this paper, all relevant technologies, such as machine learning, blockchain and autonomous cars, were explored. Various techniques of machine learning were investigated, including reinforcement learning strategies, the evolution of artificial neural networks and main deep learning algorithms. The main features of the blockchain technology, as well as its different types and consensus mechanisms, were discussed briefly. Autonomous cars, their different types of sensors, potential vulnerabilities, sensor data fusion techniques, and decision-making models were addressed, and main problem domains and trends were underlined. Furthermore, relevant research discussing blockchain for intelligent transportation systems and internet of vehicles was examined. Subsequently, papers related to the integration of blockchain with machine learning for autonomous cars and vehicles were compared and summarized. Finally, the main applications, challenges and future trends of this integration were highlighted.
Cleaning is critical to each location for a smooth surroundings which ends up in germs-loose surroundings. At instances, it appoints people for cleansing and will pay coins, and a number of the time cleanings are wanted in areas in which the presence of a dwelling being is unstable so it could not relegate humans in every spot. A few spots have a large ground vicinity in that spot for cleansing purposes, it wishes a couple of person so it required a few tactics to make up for those issues. In the headway of science, a robotic comes into the light, and computerization is an first-rate solution to this issue. This paper intends to foster an independent robotic that may flow with out ceaseless human direction. While doing marketplace studies, we got here to realize approximately some technical factors which may be improved. We additionally took a survey from a big network to apprehend their problems at the same time as cleansing in order that we are able to enhance the proposed version and make it user-friendly. The programmed cleanser robotic incorporates low-energy devouring digital elements, and it could paintings at low force. We proposed a self-ruling ground-cleansing robotic; this is operated through the Internet of factors and Raspberry Pi programming. The novel concept we have got used is to make power reusable and cooperate with different cleaners the use of numerous technologies. The renewable power-based “CleanO” will assist us to decrease the time and power and provide a residue/germs-loose climate.KeywordsCleanOFloor cleanerAutonomous ecofriendly deviceReusable energyIoT-based vacuum cleaner
