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The present study investigated the abiotic and biotic leaching characteristics of nickeliferous non-upgraded pyrrhotite (Po) tailings (0.6 wt% Ni), and upgraded Po tailings (1 wt% Ni) produced by Vale Base Metals in the Sudbury Basin of Ontario, with the aim of maximizing Ni and S 0 recoveries. Mineralogical characterization of the tailings reveale...
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Mineralogical characterisation showed the deportment of Ni to be similar in the Vale and Glencore tailings, with 60% of the total Ni locked in pyrrhotite, and the balance 40% associated with pentlandite. Nickel leaching was correlated with the dissolution extents of pyrrhotite and pentlandite as functions of four leaching regimes: ‘anoxic acid’ (wi...
Citations
... A large quantity of Fe 3+ /protons is readily available to react with the added e-waste and dissolution metals at the fastest possible rate [42]. Table 2. Comparison of applied metallurgical processes [17,18,39,40]. ...
... Cyanogenic bacteria are effectively used to recover precious metals and metalloids such as Au, Ag, Pt, Pd, Ti and Mo from e-waste through a process referred to as alkaline bioleaching or the heterotrophic bioleaching process [40]. The cyanogenic bacteria are all capable of producing hydrocyanic acid (HCN)/cyanide ion (CN − ) as their secondary metabolite at their late stationary phase during the decarboxylation of glycine, which serves as a lixiviant for the dissolution of the solid metals [39,50]. Gold cyanidation is an electrochemical process that consists of anodic and cathodic reactions, where gold is dissolved in alkaline cyanide solution to form a gold cyanide complex, as summarised by Elsner's equations (see Equations (7)-(9)) [36,37,51]. ...
Electronic waste (e-waste) is an emerging health and environmental burden due to the toxic substances present within e-wastes. To address this burden, e-wastes contain various base, rare earth and noble metals, which can be recovered from these substances, thus serving as secondary sources of metals. Pyrometallurgical and hydrometallurgical processes have been developed to extract metals from e-waste. However, these techniques are energy-intensive and produce secondary wastes, which will add to the operating costs of the process. However, the biohydrometallurgi-cal approach has been deemed as an eco-friendly, cost-effective, and environmentally friendly process that does not produce large quantities of secondary waste. However, research has focused chiefly on one-stage bioprocesses to recover the metals of interest and majorly on base metals recovery. Hence, this review proposes a two-stage bio-hydrometallurgical process where the first stage will consist of acidophilic iron and sulphur oxidising organisms to extract base metals, followed by the second stage which will consist of cyanide-producing organisms for the solubilisation of rare earth and precious metals. The solid waste residue that is produced from the system can be used in the synthesis of silica nanomaterials, which can be utilised for various applications.
... The strain A. ferridurans JAGS was isolated from acidic mine drainage in our previous study [22]. It was the dominant species and made up 92.6% of the enriched culture, based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. ...
Acidithiobacillus ferridurans JAGS is a newly isolated acidophile from an acid mine drainage (AMD). The genome of isolate JAGS was sequenced and compared with eight other published genomes of Acidithiobacillus. The pairwise mutation distance (Mash) and average nucleotide identity (ANI) revealed that isolate JAGS had a close evolutionary relationship with A. ferridurans JCM18981, but whole-genome alignment showed that it had higher similarity in genomic structure with A. ferrooxidans species. Pan-genome analysis revealed that nine genomes were comprised of 4601 protein coding sequences, of which 43% were core genes (1982) and 23% were unique genes (1064). A. ferridurans species had more unique genes (205–246) than A. ferrooxidans species (21–234). Functional gene categorizations showed that A. ferridurans strains had a higher portion of genes involved in energy production and conversion while A. ferrooxidans had more for inorganic ion transport and metabolism. A high abundance of kdp, mer and ars genes, as well as mobile genetic elements, was found in isolate JAGS, which might contribute to its resistance to harsh environments. These findings expand our understanding of the evolutionary adaptation of Acidithiobacillus and indicate that A. ferridurans JAGS is a promising candidate for biomining and AMD biotreatment applications.
We report a complete genome sequence of Acidithiobacillus ferridurans JAGS, determined using PacBio single-molecule real-time (SMRT) sequencing. The circular genome of JAGS (2,933,811 bp; GC content, 58.57%) contains 3,001 protein-coding sequences, 46 tRNAs, and 6 rRNAs. Predicted genes indicate the potential to fix CO2 and N2 and to utilize Fe²⁺, S⁰, and H2 as energy sources. Copyright © 2020 Chen et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license.
