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Riparian buffers can influence water quality in downstream lakes or rivers by buffering non-point source pollution in upstream agricultural fields. With increasing nitrogen (N) pollution in small agricultural watersheds, a major function of riparian buffers is to retain N in the soil. A series of field experiments were conducted to monitor pollutan...
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... shown in Table 2, the 1-and 3-m-wide models showed a small proportion of variables that could not be explained. Probabilities (Sig.) for the significance test of regression equations were 0.047 and 0.000 (<0.05), indicating that the simulation results are valid. ...Similar publications
Pollution from Industrial waste has become an increasingly serious problem in the developing countries, by posing harm to the human being health and the environment. 10 th of Ramadan city considered the first industrial city established in Egypt, all types of wastewater discharged into the oxidation ponds for further treatment. This paper aims at e...
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... Nonpoint source pollutant diffusion simulation methods are typically used for plain river networks with complex tributary distribution and pollutant sources. Currently, some studies [5][6][7] conducted in-depth investigations of the numerical simulation of river and groundwater systems and pollutant source tracing technology. Makri et al. [8] conducted an in-depth study on how the hydrological characteristics of groundwater systems affect the diffusion and attenuation of heavy metal pollutants such as benzene. ...
The rapid development of coastal economies has aggravated the problem of pollution in the coastal water bodies of various countries. Numerous incidents of massive-scale marine life deaths have been reported because of the excessive discharge of industrial and agricultural wastewater. To investigate the diffusion of typical pollutants after discharge, in this study, a multi-process fusion simulation analysis model of pollutants under the action of ocean currents was established based on the concentration analysis method. Furthermore, key technologies involved, such as the parameter value, data selection, and visualization, were investigated. The iterative analysis and programming realization of three independent sub-processes, such as pollutant diffusion and transport, and the drift path and concentration distribution of pollutants after their discharge into the sea, were visualized. The case study revealed that the increase in the concentration of pollutants in the ocean was affected by the diffusion sub-process, and the transport sub-process plays a critical role in the long-distance transport of pollutants. The proposed method can provide technical support for marine environmental risk assessment and dynamic tracking of marine pollutants.
... Sun et al. [22] studied the impact of the construction of artificial groundwater reservoirs on the groundwater flow and water quality of the reservoir and its downstream and found that the construction of groundwater reservoirs led to the accumulation of nitrate in the storage water. Lin et al. [23] studied the migration of total nitrogen in the riparian buffer zone of agricultural watersheds based on the finite element simulation method and found that the riparian buffer zone had a certain retention effect on soil pollutants. Malinovsky et al. [24] took the Khibiny apatite-nepheline mine in Kola Peninsula, Russia, as an example, collected snow, surface water, and deposited and suspended sediments samples for analysis. ...
The discharge of mine water from underground coal mines in arid areas is leading to extensive water loss and secondary pollution. To eliminate the water loss and environmental pollution, sealing the concentrated brine after the mine water treatment in the underground storage and pumping the clean water to the surface for recycling are effective methods. In this study, focusing on the Ling Xin mining area, China, a coupled model of concentrated brine flow and solute transport in underground reservoir was established. The migration patterns of concentrated brine under two simulation scenarios of long-term penetration and sudden leakage were analyzed. At the same time, it also initially revealed the essence of the environmental pollution caused by the penetration and leakage of the concentrated brine in the underground concentrated brine storage reservoir. Results show that the concentrated brine would penetrate the bottom aquifer in about 60 years in long-term penetration while approximately 40 days in sudden leakage. In addition, the storage time, reservoir permeability, and groundwater head difference were important factors affecting the migration of concentrated brine, where the influence of permeability varieties was the most significant. The results of this study provide technical options for the subsequent study of the environmental risk of underground concentrated brine reservoirs and have important technical significance for the study and engineering application of underground reservoirs in arid areas.
... The 1-6 m wide riparian vegetated buffer strips could retain total nitrogen in the range of 19.4%-42.9% [21]. Alukwe and Dillaha [22] reported phosphorous trapping efficiency of 73 % for a 4.6-m width vegetated filter strips (VFS) with a slope of 11%, whereas with a 16% slope, the trapping efficiency was 49% for the same width VFS. Lee et al. [5] found that the mixed switchgrass and wood buffer had a particularly higher capacity for removing the sediment, TN, and TP than the switchgrass buffer. ...
... Excessive P concentrations and loads in reservoirs are largely attributed to the overuse of anthropogenic P (e.g., industrial and domestic sewage, P fertilizer, livestock excrement) within the watershed. Thus, improvement of reservoir water quality depends on pollution load reductions by means of integrated watershed pollution control measures including source management [15], process control [16], and end-of-pipe treatment [17]. It has been generally recognized that source management is a fundamental strategy for sustainable watershed P management and integrated pollution control [15]. ...
Source water nutrient management to prevent eutrophication requires critical strategies to reduce watershed phosphorus (P) loadings. Shanxi Drinking-Water Source Area (SDWSA) in eastern China experienced severe water quality deterioration before 2010, but showed considerable improvement following application of several watershed management actions to reduce P. This paper assessed the changes in total phosphorus (TP) concentrations and fluxes at the SDWSA outlet relative to watershed anthropogenic P sources during 2005–2016. Overall anthropogenic P inputs decreased by 21.5% over the study period. Domestic sewage, livestock, and fertilizer accounted for (mean ± SD) 18.4 ± 0.6%, 30.1 ± 1.9%, and 51.5 ± 1.5% of total anthropogenic P inputs during 2005–2010, compared to 24.3 ± 2.7%, 8.8 ± 10.7%, and 66.9 ± 8.0% for the 2011–2016 period, respectively. Annual average TP concentrations in SDWSA decreased from 0.041 ± 0.019 mg/L in 2009 to 0.025 ± 0.013 mg/L in 2016, a total decrease of 38.2%. Annual P flux exported from SDWSA decreased from 0.46 ± 0.04 kg P/(ha·a) in 2010 to 0.25 ± 0.02 kg P/(ha·a) in 2016, a decrease of 44.9%. The success in reducing TP concentrations was mainly due to the development of domestic sewage/refuse collection/treatment and improved livestock management. These P management practices have prevented harmful algal blooms, providing for safe drinking water.
A qualitative evaluation of ecosystem services after stream restoration measures and a quantitative analysis of nitrogen reduction, greenhouse gas balance and (semi-)natural biomass production in the restored parts of the creek De Kaweise Loop as a test case. Master Thesis To attain the Master of Science Biology, track 'Transnational ecosystem-based Water Management' (TWM) at the Radboud University, Abstract In this study, methods were developed in order to assess the change of ecosystem services after freshwater stream restoration and accompanied management. The term ecosystem service was explained and applied to lotic aquatic ecosystems. By a literature review, restoration, measures and management options were linked to ecosystem components and processes, which were subsequently linked to the delivery of, and change in ecosystem services. An overview was created in the form of a table that also included potential negative effects of altered conditions, restoration and management. A score system was developed based on the linkage between restoration/rehabilitation measures and change of ES, in order to provide a semi-qualitative method for the assessment of ecosystem service changes. Methods for quantification were developed for three environmental parameters (nitrogen reduction, change in greenhouse gas balance, natural biomass production available for harvest) closely related to three ecosystem services (water purification, atmospheric composition and climate regulation, and biomass). The quantification was based on land cover units (vegetation types and land use) and processes linked to these units (e.g fertilization, nutrient flow, denitrification, carbon sequestration, carbon emission, growth). An additional goal of this study was to provide insight into the change in ecosystem services as a result of a restoration project. The framework developed was tested for a small, restored stream in the Netherlands as a case study. At the end, an economic valuation was carried out on request of the water board concerned. In the present study, restoration/rehabilitation measures and management could successfully be linked to changes in ecosystem services. Although an increase in the provision of ecosystem services was found with the semi-qualitative method, negative effects were also shown and the provision of ecosystem services was low during the first 5 years. For the quantification, it was found that the restoration project had resulted in a total reduction of 845 up to 5001 N kg per year, an average reduction in CO2-e of 141.2 ton per year and a natural biomass production of 430.22 ton dry matter for a total area of 20 ha. The economic valuation showed that the change of the three environmental parameters amounted to a value of 22,827 euro per year. However, as this value was calculated using conservative process values, real values may be much higher, up to 38, 000 euros per year (using prevention costs). With this study, an overview and assessment method for the change in ecosystem services due to restoration/rehabilitation measures and management in lotic aquatic temperate ecosystems becomes available to water management.
Vegetated buffer zones (VBZ) are accepted worldwide as a low impact method to avoid non-point source pollution and restore the balance of river ecosystems. Strongly influenced by industrialization and urbanization, urban river ecology is seriously damaged, and restoration is tricky. This study established a complete buffer zone construction framework suitable for the small urban watershed, and its feasibility is verified in a small watershed in Northern China. First, common plants in the study area were selected to test their ability to purify pollutants, and plant combinations were optimized. Secondly, according to the field investigation, the reference buffer zone was determined, and its sewage interception capacity was tested through a runoff simulation experiment. Then, based on GIS and Phillips time and hydraulic models, the normal buffer width of the study area was obtained; 60 m for mainstream and 40 m for tributaries. By optimizing the vegetation scheme and delimiting an efficient buffer zone, the land occupation can be reduced by 17%. Finally, combined with the characteristics of different river sections, an elaborate VBZ restoration scheme is designed from the aspects of vegetation, planning, and zoning. Generally, this research will provide government and land managers scientific and practical ideas and technologies to formulate a land management policy for urban river buffer zones in order to find a balance between aquatic ecological protection and urban land use planning and optimize the allocation of construction funds.
Abstract To identify a vegetation configuration pattern with a high-efficiency purification ability for total nitrogen (TN), available nitrogen (AN), total phosphorous (TP), available phosphorous (AP), and chemical oxygen demand (COD) based on comprehensive assessment results, a water discharge experiment was performed in the Luan River in China with the following riparian forests: I, pure broad-leaved; II, mixed broad-leaved; III, mixed coniferous and broad-leaved; IV, mixed coniferous; and V, pure coniferous. From the riparian buffer zone to the river channel, the evaluation showed that pattern I had the highest purification ability at 1 m and 2 m; at a width of 4 m, pattern III had the highest purification ability; at a distance of 7 m, pattern V showed the highest purification ability; at 10 m, pattern IV showed the highest purification ability, pattern II the lowest. It is advisable to give priority to plant coniferous species from 0 m to 4 m from the river bank, while it is advisable to give priority to plant broad-leaved species from 4 m to 10 m from the river bank. We therefore recommend these vegetation configuration patterns in the development and management of runoff purification systems.
