Figure 3 - uploaded by Edward Benya
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(A)Normal carpel (conduplicate, digonolobe form) and fertile stamens; (B) Reverted carpel (conduplicate digonolobe form; virescence, tangent abaxial and adaxial clefts; spiralling 270 o ) and desiccating stamens; (C) Reverted carpel (conduplicate digonolobe planar webbing form; virescence, separated abaxial and adaxial clefts, spiralling 180 o ) desiccated stamens; (scale bars = 1 cm)
Source publication
Paleochronic (anachronic) reversion is an atavism (transition) of angiosperm
flowers, a transmutation that nullifies the sexual reproductive
dynamic reducing the reproductive system to a phylloid state. This seldom
remains stable as a permutative stage usually follows spatially transforming
anatomic zones (i.e. whorls and bracts), regionswithin zon...
Citations
... Fabaceae). Recombinants represented the two similar but significantly distinct environments where this reversion has been confirmed (Benya & Windisch, 2007;Benya, 2012). Analysis identified any significantly (SPSS, 2013) intense axial elongation activity at floral anatomic zones and/or regions. ...
... "permutatively distanced" [Benya, 2012]) were examined and characterized for decompression longitudinal (T Long ) and/or rotational axial (T Rtn ) permutation. ...
... This significance continued within both climatic regions. Research then focused on anatomic regions within both zones, the intensity and possible sequence(s) of decompression within and between regions, plus any distinctions in decompression between the two significantly different environments (Benya, 2012). "Axial complete" measure at 1094 mm of longitudinal floral decompression occurred over 2421 "reversion age in days" (RAD) at a mean value of 0.452 mm RAD -1 with a range of 0.003 to 3.563 mm RAD -1 . ...
Paleochronic reversion (TPcRev), in Psophocarpus presents a basic floral phylloid ground state a fossil form. This research sought to recognize and chronicle any dynamic to and/or of this state, which can quickly change whenever a permutation transformation (TX) begins.
Research with 70 reverted floral specimens documented degrees of phyllotactic permutation at the bracts (Bt) region and inter-bracts (IBS) sub-region: the pre-whorls
pedicel-bracts anatomic zone. An inter-zonal pericladial stalk (PCL) is possible having
permutative continuity with the floral whorls zone: calyx (Cl), corolla (Crla),
androecium (Andr), and gynoecium (Gynec). These regions present an Axial
Architectural Sequence (Axl), of fields (𝔽) of axial expansion (AE) driven by an Axial
Decompression Dynamic, a vector space 𝔏T(AD) of permutation activity The flower
reverts from a system of determinate growth to one of indeterminate growth. With
dynamics of growth, it functions as a living fossil.
... Fabaceae). Recombinants represented the two similar but significantly distinct environments where this reversion has been confirmed (Benya and Windisch, 2007;Benya, 2012). Analysis identified any significantly (SPSS, 2013) intense axial elongation activity at floral anatomic zones and/or regions. ...
... "permutatively distanced" [Benya, 2012]) were examined and characterized for decompression longitudinal (T Long ) and/or rotational axial (T Rtn ) permutation. ...
... This significance continued within both climatic regions. Research then focused on anatomic regions within both zones, the intensity and possible sequence(s) of decompression within and between regions, plus any distinctions in decompression between the two significantly different environments (Benya, 2012). "Axial complete" measure at 1095 mm of longitudinal floral decompression occurred over 2421 "reversion age in days" (RAD) at a mean value of 0.452 mm per RAD with a range of 0.003 to 3.563 mm per RAD. ...
Paleochronic reversion (an atavism) in Psophocarpus presents a basic floral phylloid ground state. That ground state can quickly change as permutation transformation (T x ) begins. The form of permutation can vary as phyllotactic phylloid (T Phyld ) and/or floral axial decompression (T Axl ) presenting linear elongation (T Long ), rotational (T Rtn ) and/or lateral (T Lat ) components. Research with 70 reverted floral specimens documented varying degrees of phyllotactic permutation at the bracts (Bt) region and inter-bracts (IBS) sub-region of the pre-whorls pedicel-bracts anatomic zone. Permutation further yielded an inter-zonal pericladial stalk (PCL). It continued at the floral whorls zone: the calyx (Cl), corolla (Crla), androecium (Andr), and gynoecium (Gynec) with components therein. These organ regions present a continuum as an axial dynamic vector space £Taxi of floral permutation dominated by axial expansion (AE) so that an anatomic sequence of permutation activity runs from the bracts (Bt) region to the carpel (Crpl) inclusive with components therein, summarized by the formula:
stamen fltn Andr spiral Crpl ± (Crpl web ± VASCARP ± Crpl diadn ± Crpl fltn ± [fltn no] ± Crpl Rtn) = T x . The flower reverts from a system of determinate growth to one of indeterminate growth.
