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Expansive soils in semi-arid climates are well known to cause detrimental damages in the form of cracks and differential movements of the civil engineering structures. In quest for economical and efficient methods for mitigation of swelling soils, there is a growing interest in using waste materials with a secondary aim of recycling the material. T...
Citations
... The study shows reductions in swelling pressure of 58% and 76% for the two clays with the addition of 50% scrap tires fibers by weight of soil. Hamza [32] reports 73% reduction in swelling pressure with 30% granulated scrap tires by weight of soil. The swelling pressure decreases with increasing the cement content. ...
... Trouzine et al. [31] found drops of 90% and 79% in the swelling strain by mixing the two tested swelling clays with 50% scrap tires fibers by weight of soil. Hamza [32] reported a decrease of 87% in the swelling strain with the addition of 30% granulated scrap tires. The swelling strain decreases with the increase in cement content with no swelling strains for a cement content of 6% mixed and granulated tire content of 5% to 10%. ...
... A reduction of 61% in swelling pressure is reached with the addition of 15% granulated scrap tires. Reductions of 58%, 76% and 73% in swelling pressures are recorded with the addition of 50% to 30% of granulated scrap tires by weight of soil [31,32]. With the addition of cement, there are further reductions in swelling pressure. ...
Expansive soils are characterized with large volumetric changes associated with variations in moisture content, i.e., wetting or drying. Such volume changes may cause damage to structures, utilities, or pavement placed on or within these soils. Thus, it is important to reduce potential damage caused by its swell-shrink response. Mixing the expansive clays with binders or stabilizers such as cement or lime has been shown to reduce its swelling potential. Recently, expansive soils have been treated using scrap tires which proved to decrease the swelling potential. The use of scrap tires has the advantage of recycling tires which pose an environmental hazard. This research focuses on the effect of mixing shredded scrap tires with swelling clay on its strength and swelling properties. A plethora of laboratory tests are conducted on both untreated and treated swelling clay specimens. Treated soil samples are mixed with different amounts of granulated scrap tires (5%, 10%, and 15% by weight of soil). The effects of mixing different percentages of either cement or lime (0% to 6% by soil weight) to the soil-granulated scrap tires mixture are also investigated. The testing program includes the index properties, maximum dry density/optimum moisture content, California Bearing Ratio, swelling potential, and unconfined compressive strength tests. Recommendations are made regarding the use of granulated scrap tires on the behavior of the tested swelling clay.
... The experimental results obtained from this current study and those adopted from published works (Husnain 2016;Hamza 2016) have been used to validate the proposed models. Figure 11a presents the plot between experimentally observed values of swell potential and those predicted by the proposed correlation soil treated with SF. ...
Presence of swelling soils in the foundations may cause excessive damage to the buildings, pavements and other lightweight structures due to its differential volume changes with the moisture. On the other hand, some of the massively generated industrial wastes offer engineering characteristics, which may be utilized with a twofold benefit of cleaned environment and soil stabilization. In this study, silica fumes and scrap rubber powder from local industry have been mixed with a highly expansive soil in different proportions to improve its strength and deformation characteristics. Furthermore, scanning electron microscope images were studied to understand the effects of additives on the stabilization mechanism of the expansive soils. The analyses of results confirmed that these industrial wastes could markedly improve the undrained shear strength and sufficiently decrease the swelling characteristics of tested soil. A set of empirical correlations have also been proposed to predict both swell potential and pressure that could be subsequently verified through additional experimental data obtained from additional published studies. In essence, the proposed empirical correlations could predict the behaviour of the tested additional data with a standard error of mean well within ±10% that may be suitable for preliminary assessments of most practical sites.
