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... pathogenesis of Hashimoto's thyroiditis is a complex multistep process which involves various genetic, environmental and immunological factors ( Figure 1). In a nut shell, loss of immune tolerance to normal thyroid cells leads to production of antibodies directed against thyroid tissue, which causes the destruction of the thyroid gland. ...
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... assumption is based on observational studies which revealed a decline in titers of thyroid antibodies after the patient was treated with thyroid hormone. Therefore, frequent monitoring of thyroid function has been recommended which would help in accurately assessing the functional status of the thyroid and enable the physician to make necessary changes in the management of the disease (Takasu et al., 1992). Identifying the clinical progression of the disease is important in determining the nature of treatment provided to each individual. ...
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Background: Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is more frequently reported in patients with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT), which may be associated with the presence of solid cell nests (SCNs) and focal PTC-like nuclear alterations in the thyroid gland. The point of this consideration was to assess the morphological and immunohistochemical features of...
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The close association between pre-existing Hashimoto’s thyroiditis and thyroid cancer is well established. The simultaneous occurrence of multiple neoplastic foci within the same organ suggests a common genotoxic effect potentially contributing to carcinogenesis, the nature of which is still not clear. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) provides a po...
Background: Many epigenetic factors, including microRNAs, are involved in the process of changing gene expressions. Small non-coding RNA molecules, called miRNAs, are responsible for regulating gene translation by silencing or degrading target mRNAs. It is acknowledged that for many diseases, they may be novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers....
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... Blair A. Wormer et al. in their study had 38% transient hypocalcaemia, without any RLN palsy or hypoparathyroidism [29]. ...
Hakura Hashimoto described Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis (HT) in 1912. In HT, there occurs formation of antibodies against the self (thyroid), which causes enlargement of the thyroid gland as a whole and decreased thyroid hormone levels. Most of the patients with HT are given medical line of management (hypo/hyperthyroidism). The indications for surgical line of management for HT are due to pressure symptoms over the trachea and oesophagus, pain in the thyroid gland and for chance of malignancy. Surgical treatment gives complete relief from pain and pressure symptoms and also prevents the risk of malignancy. To evaluate the outcome and complications of total thyroidectomy in painful (symptomatic) Hashimoto’s thyroiditis. It was a Hospital based Descriptive study conducted in tertiary care teaching hospital by ENT Department, Sri Manakula Vinayagar Medical College and Hospital, Pondicherry from Nov 2017 to May 2019. Sample size was 30. All patients with symptomatic (painful) HT was given trail of medical therapy (steroids and NSAIDS), following repeated attempts of failed medical therapy, surgical management (total thyroidectomy) was preferred. Visual Analog Scale (VAS) was used to assess the pain grading pre and post operatively. MS Excel and SPSS trial version 20 software was used to analyze the data. The Wilcoxan Signed Ranked test was used as test of significance to identify the difference between ordinal variables. In this study, all the 30 patients had pain as the predominant symptom. Visual Analog Scale was used to grade the pain in all the patients preoperatively and 2 weeks postoperatively. All the patients had significant reduction in the pain following total thyroidectomy, when compared to pre-operative VAS grading. Total thyroidectomy is the technique of choice in surgical treatment of symptomatic Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (pain, tenderness and pressure symptoms) which warrants a radical and definitive control of the disease, without any risk of relapse and without the side effects of medical management. Moreover in longstanding cases of HT, the risk of malignant transformation is prevented due to total thyroidectomy. In experienced hands it assures total relief of compressive and painful symptoms and low incidence of/nil major complications.
... Hashimoto's thyroiditis is an autoimmune disease characterized by chronic inflammation of thyroid tissue (Parvathaneni et al., 2012). The (continued on next page) A. Stojsavljević, et al. ...
Evaluation of trace metals at level of solid tissue can provide better information than blood or urine and, therefore, could highlight the role of metals in the etiology of organ-specific disease. The current study aimed to establish the baseline content of four essential (Mn, Cu, Zn, Se) and four toxic metals (As, Cd, Pb, U) in the healthy thyroid tissues (HTTs) by considering sex, age and smoking habits. A further aim was to examine whether differences in the content of metals exist in regard to the thyroid diseases, such as benign tumor (BT), Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT), multinodular goiter (MNG) and thyroid cancer (TC). A total number of investigated tissue samples were 423. All metals were quantified by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). It was found that the content of Cu and U was higher in HTTs of women, while the content of Zn was higher in HTTs of men. Increased content of Zn and decreased content of U was found in the group of HTTs above 50 years compared to a younger group (< 50 years). Increased content of Cd, Pb and U distinguish smokers from the non-smokers. In comparison with other population groups worldwide, investigated Serbian population had up to 15 times reduced content of Se. Despite the difference in metal’s profile according to biological variables, this study also demonstrated, for the first time, that each thyroid disease has its unique metal’s profile. The most altered metal’s content was found in tissues with HT. Contrarily, the greatest similarity in metal’s content with HTTs was found in BT tissues. Based on the increased content, metal’s that dominantly discriminated HTTs from the HT, MNG and TC was As, Pb and Cd, respectively. Reported results could highlight the role of toxic and essential trace metals in the not very well clarified etiology of thyroid diseases and, moreover, could provide a molecular basis for pathophysiological changes of metal’s hazardous effects on thyroid health at the tissue level.
Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, often called Hashimoto’s disease, is a chronic autoimmune disorder which causes significant morbidity. Hashimoto’s disease often leads to reduced thyroid function, or hypothyroidism. The pathogenesis
of this disease is a complex multistep process which involves various genetic, environmental and immunological
factors. The main treatment in Hashimoto’s thyroiditis patients with documented hypothyroidism is oral L-thyroxine
supplementation. However, nutritional therapies, which focus on modifying the body’s immune response and resultant destruction of thyroid tissue, continue to be an area of keen interest.
It is quite recognized that the amount of energy, protein and fat, minerals (such as iodine, selenium, iron, zinc)
and vitamins (such as vitamin A, C, D, E) intake has an impact on thyroid structure, its endocrine function and
progression of autoimmune glandular destruction. In connection with this dietary recommendation for Hashimoto’s
disease patients should be determined on the basis of understanding the mechanisms of action and the effects of
nutritional factors in this field.
Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, often called Hashimoto’s disease, is a chronic autoimmune disorder which causes significant
morbidity. Hashimoto’s disease often leads to reduced thyroid function, or hypothyroidism. The pathogenesis
of this disease is a complex multistep process which involves various genetic, environmental and immunological
factors. The main treatment in Hashimoto’s thyroiditis patients with documented hypothyroidism is oral L-thyroxine
supplementation. However, nutritional therapies, which focus on modifying the body’s immune response and resultant
destruction of thyroid tissue, continue to be an area of keen interest.
It is quite recognized that the amount of energy, protein and fat, minerals (such as iodine, selenium, iron, zinc)
and vitamins (such as vitamin A, C, D, E) intake has an impact on thyroid structure, its endocrine function and
progression of autoimmune glandular destruction. In connection with this dietary recommendation for Hashimoto’s
disease patients should be determined on the basis of understanding the mechanisms of action and the effects of
nutritional factors in this field.
