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A map that illustrates the areas where the ancestral homeland of the Indo-European peoples could be located.
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Context 1
... language or the so-called Urheimat (Urhemeit) that is a hypothetical (linguistic?) ancestral homeland. These are the five main groups marked on the map (see Fig. 4): I, the area that includes the territories of modern Poland, Germany, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Belarus, Lithuania, Latvia, Russia, Denmark and Sweden; II, the area that includes the territory of modern Russia, Ukraine, Moldova and Kazakhstan; III, the area that includes the territories of modern Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, ...
Citations
... The study of the spread and change of linguistic information in the model proto-Indo-European (PIE) language community, including at the initial stage of its formation, was described in our previous works [1,2], where a new method of studying linguistic communities (and the processes of dissemination in them) used linguistic information as a dynamic dissipative system. To study the distribution and change of linguistic information in PIE language communities, as well as to search for the ancestral home of peoples who were native speakers of the Indo-European language (s), we applied two mathematical models: (1) a model of a dynamic system described by a non-complex non-linear equation and (2) a model described by a rather complex system of integral-differential equations. ...
... To study the distribution and change of linguistic information in PIE language communities, as well as to search for the ancestral home of peoples who were native speakers of the Indo-European language (s), we applied two mathematical models: (1) a model of a dynamic system described by a non-complex non-linear equation and (2) a model described by a rather complex system of integral-differential equations. We also found for the first time that the distribution and change of linguistic information in communities can be considered not only as regular, but also as a typically chaotic process [1,2]. ...
... For the first time in world practice, we proposed using the fact that the Indo-European peoples were the first in the history of mankind to domesticate a horse in order to analyze the distribution of linguistic information in proto-Indo-European communities. We used the horsemen's advantage over the walking members of ancient communities (see [1]) in the construction of theoretical models and computer modeling; the results showed that of the two main hypothe-ses of the formation of the Indo-Europeans, that is, Anatolian and Kurgan, the latter is more consistent with our temporary estimates [1]. Some problems of searching for the ancestral home (Urheimat) of the peoples, who were native speakers of the pre-Indo-European language, were also analyzed. ...
Brief information about the Chinese language and Chinese linguistic communities is given and the history of its formation is shown. The possibility of creating one national language in China, that is, Pǔtōnghuà (㣽抩幬) is considered Some results of theoretical analysis and computer modeling are presented, demon- strating that the formation of a single language is gradually happening, but unification will most likely be achieved no earlier than 3500. An estimate is given of the number of possible elementary “characters” (“base units” or radicals (bùshǒu/捷氥)) of a hypothetical proto-Chinese script. Some typical hieroglyphs and radicals from modern common SMS messages are
compared with hieroglyphs and radicals in typical Jiagǔwén images (䟁洷㠖: writing on tortoise shells and fortune telling bones dating back to the 14th–11th centuries BC). Match- adicals were found, which demonstrates the validity of the proposed approach and the validity of the calculations.
The article considers a complex of problems related to the Indo-European origin. The study made it possible to determine the place where the ancestral homeland of the Proto-Indo-European language carriers was located. The time of the origin of the Proto-Indo-European language is determined: approximately 6,000 years ago. The information obtained is in good agreement with the conclusions of independent researchers. In addition, the results indicate a correlation between genetics and languages of the Indo-Europeans, i.e., correspond to the modern global systematic assessment of genetic and linguistic coincidences.
Приведена краткая информация о китайском языке и китайских языковых сообществах, показана история его становления. Рассмотрена возможность создания в Китае одного общегосударственного языка (Путунхуа / Pǔtōnghuà / 普 通 话 ). Приведены некоторые результаты теоретического анализа и компьютерного моделирования, демонстрирующие, что формирование единого языка постепенно происходит уже сейчас, но унификация будет, скорее всего, достигнута не ранее 3500 года. Дана оценка числа возможных элементарных «символов» («базовых единиц» или ключей (bùshǒu / 部 首 )) гипотетической пра-Китайской письменности. Проведено сравнение некоторых типовых иероглифов и ключей из современных распространенных СМС-сообщений с иероглифами и ключами на изображениях типичных Цзягувэнь ( 甲 骨 文 / Jiǎgǔwén - письмена на черепашьих панцирях и гадальных костях, относящихся к XIV-XI вв. до н.э.). Обнаружены совпадающие иероглифы и ключи, что демонстрирует обоснованность предложенного подхода и справедливость выполненных расчетов.
На современном этапе развития достаточно актуален вопрос цифровизации процессов промышленного производства. Практика разработки и внедрения АСУ приводит к выводу о необходимости применения ориентированного системного подхода на всех стадиях исследовательских и проектных работ. Показано, что проектируемые системы могут быть приняты как элементы банков структуры данных, обеспечивающих наращивание и корректировку без изменения алгоритмов обработки и поиска данных, а также для разработки форм документов и структур массивов, что позволяет оптимизировать работу предприятия в период чрезвычайных ситуаций.
The paper presents a theoretical analysis and computer simulations of the distribution and changes of the linguistic information in two model language communities: Proto-Indo-European and Proto-Chinese. Simulations show that out of two main hypotheses of the formation of the Proto-Indo-European languages, the Anatolian hypotheses and the Kurgan hypotheses, the latter is better consistent with the time estimates obtained in this study. The results obtained for Proto-Indo-European communities may also be used in the analysis of Asian language communities. In particular, the similarity of Chinese and Proto-Indo-European languages in terms of the relationship between the verb and the noun opens the possibility of applying our method to the analysis of the Proto-Sino-Tibetan language family. A possibility of creating a single national language Pŭtōnghuà (普通话) in the modern China was investigated. The results of the present study also suggest that the developed models look like a quite promising new instrument for studying linguistic information transfer in complex social and linguistic systems.
