Figure 1 - uploaded by Ronald G.V. Hancock
Content may be subject to copyright.
Source publication
Sixty-one ceramic samples collected in Cuenca, Ecuador, were analysed by neutron activation analysis in an attempt to establish their elemental compositions. The bulk of the samples were manufactured in the region of Cuenca, with others imported from Quito in the northern highlands of Ecuador, from Panama Vieja in Panama, and from Seville in Spain....
Context in source publication
Context 1
... paper addresses the analysis of colonial ( ad 1540-1830) trade patterns in majolica ceramics along the Pacific coast of South America (see Fig. 1). In it, we attempt to source the ceramics as to their place of manufacture, and with this data reconstruct the patterns of manufacture and trade in ceramics for the Spanish colonies of the northern Andes. We identify ceramics from Seville and Panama, and provide signatures for ceramics from Quito and Cuenca, ...
Citations
... When present, obsidian arguably is the preferred raw material for geochemical sourcing studies in archaeology. The trajectory of research in Ecuadorian archaeology reflects this, as chemical composition publications on obsidian Bellot-Gurlet et al., 1999;Bellot-Gurlet et al., 2008;Bigazzi et al., 1992;Burger et al., 1994;Dyrdahl, 2015;Dyrdahl and Speakman, 2013;Knight et al., 2011;Ogburn, 2011;Ogburn et al., 2009;Santi et al., 2010;Serrano Ayala, 2020;Zeidler et al., 1994) outnumber comparable studies on ceramics (Bray, 1995;Bray and Minc, 2020;Jamieson and Hancock, 2004;Jamieson et al., 2012;Minc et al., 2016;Yanchar, 2013), andesite (Ogburn 2004), and metals (Barrandon et al., 2004;Guevara-Duque, 2018a;Rehren and Temme, 1994;Romero Bastidas et al., 2018;Valdez et al., 2005). However, what sets Ecuador apart is the emphasis on research at the raw material sources. ...
Since a pair of seminal studies in the mid-1990́s, obsidian provenience research in Ecuador has shown limited advancement with regard to analysis of archaeological materials. Investigations of the relevant sources have been the primary focus. While these are important, especially given the complex nature of the major Ecuadorian sources, more investigation is required to analyze how prehispanic populations acquired this material that frequently is used as a proxy for interregional interaction. This article advances our understanding on this front by presenting the portable X-Ray Fluorescence (pXRF) analysis of 401 artifacts from five sites in northern Ecuador with absolute dates spanning from 1600 to 750 cal BCE. The results permit a finer-grained reconstruction of procurement patterns than the typical relative period approach. Three principal findings are proposed: the utilization of Yanaurco-Quiscatola obsidian declined during the period of interest, the Mullumica source became the center of obsidian procurement as the utilization of these other sources fell, and two interregional networks existed that resulted in populations on the northern Ecuadorian coast acquiring obsidian.
... Multiple instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) tests have been performed on wares produced in Panamá Viejo whose findings indicate that Panamanian Majolica and Criolla ceramics have very distinct chemical compositions. On the one hand, despite its typological differences, Panamanian Majolica conforms a single cohesive group that also clusters other locally made unglazed Spanishstyled wares known as Redware and Panamanian Redware Containers (Iñañez et al. 2012;Jamieson and Hancock 2004;Jamieson et al. 2013;Rovira et al. 2006). This suggests that in Panamá Viejo's workshops the same clay source was used to produce these three wares. ...
Due to the existence of wares that were produced both within and outside Spanish-tradition workshop in Panamá Viejo, this site offers an apt opportunity to study how coexisting but seemingly distinct potting communities organized their craft in a colonial context. To this end, a sample of two locally produced wares—one characterized by high-fired, wheel-thrown, and tin-glazed vessels known as Panamanian Majolica and the other by low-fired, handmade, and coarse-textured utilitarian vessels known as Criolla—were analyzed. The findings of the macroscopic and microscopic characterizations revealed that highly divergent potting communities, whose productions practices and craft organization varied drastically, coexisted at the site.
... Los talleres de Sevilla-Triana fabricaron abundantes botijas. Este tipo de contenedores han sido encontrados en las Islas Salomón (Kelloway et al., 2016), Haida Gwaii (Williams et al., 1992), México (Velásquez y Salgado-Ceballos, 2018;Fournier et al., 2017;Guerrero-Rivero et al., 2020), Ecuador (Jamieson y Hancock, 2004;Jamieson et al., 2013), Panamá (Gomez Ferrer et al. 2015a), y Colombia (Gomez Ferrer et al., 2013); los estudios que se hicieron con ellos mostraron que esas piezas provenían de los talleres mencionados. También se ha reportado la fabricación de botijas en algunas colonias españolas, tales como Ecuador (Jamieson y Hancock, 2004), Perú (Kelloway et al., 2018;Kelloway et al., 2016), Panamá (Rovira et al., 2006;Gomez Ferrer et al. 2015a), y posiblemente México (De la Vega et al., 2013). ...
... Este tipo de contenedores han sido encontrados en las Islas Salomón (Kelloway et al., 2016), Haida Gwaii (Williams et al., 1992), México (Velásquez y Salgado-Ceballos, 2018;Fournier et al., 2017;Guerrero-Rivero et al., 2020), Ecuador (Jamieson y Hancock, 2004;Jamieson et al., 2013), Panamá (Gomez Ferrer et al. 2015a), y Colombia (Gomez Ferrer et al., 2013); los estudios que se hicieron con ellos mostraron que esas piezas provenían de los talleres mencionados. También se ha reportado la fabricación de botijas en algunas colonias españolas, tales como Ecuador (Jamieson y Hancock, 2004), Perú (Kelloway et al., 2018;Kelloway et al., 2016), Panamá (Rovira et al., 2006;Gomez Ferrer et al. 2015a), y posiblemente México (De la Vega et al., 2013). Iñañez et al. (2008) caracterizaron a la mayólica de los talleres Sevilla-Triana y las de otros talleres españoles. ...
... Para calcular este último, los elementos fueron Sc, Cr, Fe, Co, Rb, Cs, La, Ce, Eu, Hf y Th, concordantes con los reportados en varios estudios. Esos datos incluían botijas de España (Jamieson y Hancock, 2004;Jamieson et al., 2013;Kelloway et al., 2016;Velásquez y Salgado-Ceballos, 2018;Guerrero-Rivero et al., 2020), Perú (Rovira et al., 2006;Kelloway et al., 2016;Guerrero-Rivero et al., 2020), Ecuador (Jamieson y Hancock, 2004;Guerrero-Rivero et al., 2020), y Panamá (Jamieson et al., 2013). Tanto el diagrama Cr/Cs como el dendrograma dieron lugar a la separación de los datos de las muestras. ...
Se presenta el estudio de 50 fragmentos cerámicos recuperados en un predio del centro histórico de la Ciudad de México. La reconstrucción de los fragmentos, su morfología y la comparación con la literatura permitieron identificarlos como contenedores comerciales de los Estilos Temprano (siglo XVI), Medio Tipo A y Medio Tipo B (siglos XVI a XVII). Las pastas cerámicas fueron estudiadas mediante análisis por activación neutrónica instrumental, microscopio electrónico de barrido de bajo vacío, con una sonda de espectrometría de rayos X de energía dispersiva y difracción de rayos X. Basados en esos datos y la literatura existente se identificó la procedencia de los contenedores. La mayoría tuvo como origen los talleres de Sevilla y uno fue manufacturado en Perú. Siendo los contenedores elementos claves en la historia comercial, el hallazgo de botijas en la Ciudad de México, de un origen distinto de España, confirma la interrelación comercial que existió entre las colonias españolas, a pesar de los decretos prohibitivos.
... Peruvian botijas containing wine were widely distributed in other Spanish colonies despite the Royal Decree prohibition Chisvert Jiménez, 1991, 1993;Avery, 1997;Huertas Vallejo, 2004;Oland, 2017;Pasinski and Fournier, 2014). Therefore, Spanish and Peruvian botijas coexisted in that mentioned regions and beyond (Jamieson and Hancock, 2004). ...
... In order to identify the origin of the specimens, the results were compared with archaeometric literature data concerning botijas, majolica, and Chinese porcelain and ceramic. These references were the following: Velasquez and Salgado Ceballos, 2018;Kelloway et al., 2016;De la Vega et al., 2013;Jamieson et al., 2013;Fournier et al., 2009;Grave and Maccheroni, 2009;Iñañez et al., 2008;Wasim et al., 2008;Sinopoli et al., 2006;Jamieson and Hancock, 2004;Myers et al., 1992. Samples of the green glazed of the exemplar A8 was analyzed with scanning electron microscope Phillips XL-30 at 25 keV. ...
... The comparison of our data of group S (Seville) with those of the literature revealed similitudes with data concerning botijas, but not with majolica ceramics. The unglazed botijas J-22 and J-61 (Jamieson and Hancock, 2004) were recovered at sites of Cuenca, Ecuador of late 16th or early 17th centuries. The group of botijas here named V-OJ (glazed, slipped or not) were recovered in Campeche, Mexico (Velasquez and Salgado Ceballos, 2018); a mean value of these data was used for this comparison. ...
This paper exposes the results of Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis (INAA) on 46 pottery sherds, fragments of Spanish olive jars (botijas) and stoneware containers (martabans) recovered from archaeological interventions in San Diego fort and Acapulco historic sector, a shipwreck site in the western coast of Baja California peninsula, and shipwrecks beneath of Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea waves. The study was developed to obtain data on the geochemical-composition of pastes, lead-glaze and pitch coatings of the referred pottery sherds collection, with the aim of identifying the geochemical signature of each elementary composition of sherds. So, it was possible to propose a geochemical area of origin (manufacturing provenance) for the sampled ceramic vessels: according achieved results, many analyzed pottery sherds came from the Iberian peninsula, South America and Southeastern Asia, whilst other were locally produced (namely the Acapulco Red Ware and Acapulco Glaze).
... Because the physical homes would have been made entirely of ephemeral natural building materials, a surface indicator like a class of ceramics would help to identify potential sites in survey. The first step in these investigations was thus to analyze ceramics that had already been collected by PAP in survey and excavations across the entire area of the Pambamarca Fortress Complex and compare them to the few other historic collections available across Ecuador (Balanzátegui 2012;Chancay Vásquez 2004;Jamieson 2000;Jamieson and Hancock 2004;Jamieson et al. 2013). ...
... The most common in this study area is a decorative palette of brown and green on a pink or buff background with a fine grained yellowish red (5YR 5/6, 5/8) paste, and a thin glaze with likely low tin content. Based on Neutron Activation Analyses of ceramics from his excavations in the Cuenca and Riobamba areas, Jamieson has suggested that this brown and green decorative palette belongs to a definable chemical group indicating that they were produced in Quito (Jamieson and Hancock 2004;Jamieson et al. 2013:207-208). While similar analyses will need to be undertaken to make definitive statements on the source and composition of the sherds found around Guachalá, it seems likely based on decorative similarities that these were produced in Quito, indicating some level of market exchanges with this more distant urban center on the part of indigenous huasipungueros. ...
Relationships between humans and material goods are key in the emergences of social identity and status under imperial projects. I argue that a critical focus on the concept of “community” provides a salient frame by which to assess status and identity and that everyday materiality is a key mechanism by which such collective forms of identity are forged. I draw on historical documents, oral histories, and archaeological evidence of a late nineteenth-century indigenous hacienda laborer household from Hacienda Guachalá, highlands of Ecuador, and show that status and identity may be generated through what you do rather than what you own.
... PXRF analysis has the potential to enable this greater provenance identification and botija sherds present qualities favourable for such an analysis: they are usually thickwalled (~10-15 mm) providing samples thick enough to obtain the required analytical depth and permitting the analysis of cross-sections; sherds are easy to abrade; body fragments are reasonably flat in most areas due to the pot curvature and flatter areas of rims can be easily positioned; botijas are usually produced in a similar way and typically mass-produced, providing some similarity in sherd fabric for comparison and chemistry by production site to build reference groups. Earlier characterisation studies using other techniques, especially INAA, also provide an existing understanding of the elements useful for discriminating chemical groups related to place of manufacture (Jamieson and Hancock, 2004;Jamieson et al., 2012;Kelloway, 2014;Kelloway et al., 2014Kelloway et al., , 2016Myers et al., 1992;Olin et al., 1978;Rovira et al., 2006). For Spanish-made vessels, a higher Cr and Ca content than ceramics from the Americas has been shown to clearly distinguish this chemical group from botijas made in the colonies, as well as other elements, including lower Mn values. ...
... 8d) decorados con motivos florales en color marrón, púrpura, negro, verde y, en menor medida, azul. Su origen pudiera encontrarse en talleres ubicados en las tierras altas de Ecuador, por ejemplo, en Cuenca y Quito (Jamieson y Hancock 2004); en Popayán, Colombia (Martín et al., 2007, p. 36); o en el sur del Perú -Cuzco o Puno-, donde se definió el tipo Escapalaque Amarillo Polícromo, cuya distribución alcanzó los valles de Moquegua (Rice, 1997(Rice, , 2013. Aunque no se sabe de cuál de las tres zonas de producción proviene, un fragmento de este tipo cerámico ha sido datado en la Plaza Colonial de la isla de Mancera en 1730 d. C. (Adán et al., 2016a, p. 263) confirmando su uso y tráfico en pleno siglo xviii. ...
Este trabajo analiza los registros arquitectónicos y la colección cerámica del Museo de Sitio Castillo de Niebla. Los resultados ofrecen una lectura alternativa sobre: (1) la evolución de la fortificación y la existencia de asentamientos previos a su fundación en 1645; (2) el intercambio y dependencia de la cerámica indígena; (3) el tráfico de cerámicas hispanoamericanas en el Virreinato del Perú; y (4) los espacios de preparación de alimento en que estas materialidades definen contextos interculturales. La reutilización de mayólicas para la producción textil local, la masiva presencia de cerámica indígena dentro de los espacios de la tropa y la aparición de ejemplares que combinan elementos de las tradiciones alfareras regionales y europeas configuran atributos centrales para comprender la formación de una localidad mapuche-hispana basada en relaciones históricas comunes.
... A su vez, en América Central, se han estudiado grupos de botijas excavados en Panamá Viejo, ubicados en un rango temporal que se extiende desde finales del siglo XVI hasta el momento de la destrucción de la ciudad (1671) y en otro sitio de Ecuador, corresponden a Triana con una ligera variación en la composición de la pasta (cf. Jamieson y Hancock 2004;Rovira et al. 2006). ...
... Majolica (or mayolica) is among the most ubiquitous types of ceramics found in Spanish colonial assemblages in the Americas, readily recognised by its opaque tin-lead-based glaze. Primarily represented by tableware, majolica has served as a source of valuable information about patterns of trade, industry, and social identity in the New World (Goggin, 1968;Iñañez et al., 2008;Jamieson, 2001;Jamieson and Hancock, 2004;Lister and Lister, 1974;Rice, 2013aRice, , 2013bRovira, 2001;Rovira et al., 2006). Originally inspired by ceramics produced in Persia and China, it was manufactured in Spain and Italy by the 10th Century and arrived in the Americas following the onset of Spanish colonisation, where it has long been interpreted as a "symbol of Spanish ethnicity and status" (Jamieson, 2001: 46). ...
... Documentary sources (discussed below) have long suggested that majolica was also made in Andean South America, but its production history has been poorly documented and some scholars continue to debate where the majolica found in Andean archaeological sites was actually manufactured (Mogrovejo Rosales, 1996;Rice, 2013b). Studies by Jamieson, Rice and colleagues have shed light on the production of majolica in the colonial Andes through macroscopic and chemical analysis, identifying products from Cuenca, Quito and Riobamba, Ecuador, and Moquegua, Peru (Jamieson, 2001;Jamieson and Hancock, 2004;Rice, 1997Rice, , 2012Rice, , 2013a. Majolica manufacture has also been identified in Colombia (Therrien et al., 2002;Martín et al., 2007). ...
... Arsenic and Co were also excluded for comparison with Spanish ceramics from Talavera, Manises and Sevilla. Further inter-laboratory comparative analyses were carried out using results from Rovira et al. (2006), Jamieson et al. (Jamieson and Hancock, 2004;Jamieson et al., 2012), Fournier et al. (2009 and Olin and Blackman (1989). Prior to the statistical analysis of the data obtained by LA-ICP-MS, Sn and Pb were removed from the dataset due to the high variability of their concentrations, and the dataset re-summed to 1,000,000 ppm (100%) before further treatment. ...
This study presents the results of instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA), laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) and thin-section analysis of 74 majolica sherds from 16th-18th Century sites in the Zaña Valley and Magdalena de Cao Viejo, Peru, and Panama Viejo, Panama. The majority of majolica samples from Peru are chemically associated with Panamanian reference groups, indicating their production in Panama; however, the remainder appears to be Andean-made, based on their distinct chemical signatures. These latter vessels seem to have been produced in Peru and build upon our understanding of colonial majolica manufacture in South America. Furthermore, the presence of blue-series decoration makes important contributions to our understanding of the Andean sphere of loza production.
... Petrographic analyses conducted by Avery (1997, 130-148) found strong similarities between clay samples from the Guadalquivir River drainage in Andalusia and botija sherds recovered around the Caribbean, providing the first hard proof of the Sevillian origin of the olive jars found in the New World. Olive jars recovered in Mexico City (Fournier and Blackman, 2007), Santa María de la Antigua del Darién in Colombia (Gomez Ferrer et al., 2013), Ecuador (Jamieson and Hancock, 2004;Jamieson et al., 2013), and the Solomon Islands in Oceania (Kelloway et al., 2015), have all been sourced to Seville after geochemical analyses. Olive jars recovered in Colombia fell into three different geochemical groups. ...
... also includes data from the few published compositional references for botijas analysed by INAA. These include botijas recovered in Ecuador (Jamieson and Hancock, 2004;Jamieson et al., 2013) and the Solomon Islands (Kelloway et al., 2015), in archaeological contexts dating between the late sixteenth (Solomon Islands) and late eighteenth century (Riobamba, Ecuador). Non-published data from the Solomon Islands was obtained from the Archaeometry Laboratory at MURR. ...
... The Sevillian botijas groups from Cuenca, Ecuador (n = 4), and the Solomon Islands (n = 18), as well as the Peruvian specimens (n = 39), are represented by their 90% confidence ellipses. Jamieson and Hancock (2004). Group means calculated from individual samples concentrations. ...
