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Background: Occipital encephalocele is the commonest of encephalocele involving protrusion of meningeal and neural structures through the occipital bone defects. It is a congenital anomaly with varied presentation and can include only meninges to the cerebellum, medulla, venous sinus and brainstem structure.Methods: Study was done at civil hospital...
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... Parmar found fewer seizures (2, 2.35%), but Kabre and Rehman found a higher number presenting with seizures (14%and 15%) respectively, while Bui found more (17%) in patients with occipital encephalocoeles. 21,28,29 Hydrocephalus was found in 16 patients (38.1%), with the majority diagnosed before the excisions. Preceding the excision was found in 12 patients (28.6% %) of the 42 patients, were found on the patients with occipital lesions. ...
... 23 Our finding of pre excision hydrocephalus (12, 28.6%) outnumbered the ones from a report by Parmar (8.57%). 28 We found 4 (9.5%) post excision Hydrocephalus far more than what Parmar got (1, 2.85%), but nearly equal to the finding of Rehman (4, 8%), and just short of half the result by Ehab (21%). ...
... post excision Hydrocephalus far more than what Parmar got (1, 2.85%), but nearly equal to the finding of Rehman (4, 8%), and just short of half the result by Ehab (21%). 21,28,32 All had trans fontanelle ultrasound scan and additionally computed tomography (CT Scan) in about 47.6% and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in only 2 (4.8%). The fewer CT scan and MRIs maybe because it is either not available (CT Scan and MRI are about 15 Km and 250 Km away from our hospital) or expensive as the cost of CT Scan and MRI is about 50% and 100% the cost of operating on these patients. ...
Background: Encephalocoeles are herniation of the brain and its meninges via a midline cranial vault defect or at the base of the skull, at the site of local mesenchymal disruption. It accounts for 10% to 20% of all the cranial and spinal dysraphisms found in 1/5000 live births.Method: It is a 5 year retrospective study on 42 cases of encephalocoele managed in a Nigerian Tertiary Medical Centre. We extracted the clinical findings and surgical management outcomes from the patient's case notes.Result: Ages at presentation were Neonates (24, 57.1%), ≤3 months (35, 83.3%), with mode of 2 days. Males (12, 28.6%), females (30, 71.4%), with M:F=1:2.5. Posterior (occipital) lesions (36, 85.7%), anterior (6, 14.3%). Variable size lesions (33, 78.6%), giant encephalocoeles (9, 21.4%). Hydrocephalus (16, 38.1%) included pre-excision HCP (12, 75% of 16) and post excision HCP (4, 25% of 16). Available neuroimaging was TFUSS (all, 100%), CT Scan (20, 47.6%), MRI (2, 4.8%). Surgery of excision and repair (36, 85.7%), combined craniofacial repair (6, 14.3%), additional ventriculoperitoneal shunt (16, 38.1%). Post-operative complications included CSF leak (2, 4.8%), superficial surgical site infection (3, 7.1%), meningitis (1, 2.4%), shunt infection (4, 9.5%), shunt obstruction (7, 16.7%). Outcomes were good (38, 90.5%), blind (3, 7.1%), vegetative (1, 2.4%), death (1, 2.4%).Conclusions: Encephalocoeles are an uncommon congenital type of neural tube defect containing herniated brain tissue. Posterior (occipital) lesions are commoner (and maybe of giant size) than anterior lesions (Sincipital). Surgical outcomes are generally good.
