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A. Rhinopoma cystops from Sharma-Tor Qunibi. B. Rhinolophus clivosus from Al Moatham castle. C. Asellia tridens from Al Bedea'a. D. Barbastella leucomelas from Alagan-Algtar. E. Eptesicus bottae from Alagan-Algtar. F. Hypsugo ariel from Al Moatham castle.
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Additional distributional data on the bats of Tabuk Provence, Saudi Arabia, are given for 10 species. The Asian Barbastelle, Barbastella leucomelas, is recorded for the first time for Saudi Arabia and the Arabian Peninsula. Data on bats calls for four species are also given.
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Citations
... In recent years, new records of R. aegyptiacus have been reported from Saudi Arabia, all from the western part of the country where the previous (accepted) records were made (Figure 1). Memish et al. (2013) mentioned a collection of bats from Bisha, in the south-western part of the country, Aloufi et al. (2016) added records from three sites in the north-western corner of Saudi Arabia (Al Disah, Muleh, Taima) continuing the occurrence in Jordan and Sinai (see Benda et al., 2008Benda et al., , 2010, and El-Mansi et al. Aloufi et al., 2016;and Al Obaid et al., 2023) suggest a broader occurrence of R. aegyptiacus in western Saudi Arabia than given by the former evidence, but in fact, do not fill the gap in the west-Arabian distribution belt completely and mainly, bring only a limited light to the doubtful/unconfirmed occurrence in several inland oases of Saudi Arabia, where the fruit bats were reported for the first time from the country (Abu Yaman, 1966). ...
... In recent years, new records of R. aegyptiacus have been reported from Saudi Arabia, all from the western part of the country where the previous (accepted) records were made (Figure 1). Memish et al. (2013) mentioned a collection of bats from Bisha, in the south-western part of the country, Aloufi et al. (2016) added records from three sites in the north-western corner of Saudi Arabia (Al Disah, Muleh, Taima) continuing the occurrence in Jordan and Sinai (see Benda et al., 2008Benda et al., , 2010, and El-Mansi et al. Aloufi et al., 2016;and Al Obaid et al., 2023) suggest a broader occurrence of R. aegyptiacus in western Saudi Arabia than given by the former evidence, but in fact, do not fill the gap in the west-Arabian distribution belt completely and mainly, bring only a limited light to the doubtful/unconfirmed occurrence in several inland oases of Saudi Arabia, where the fruit bats were reported for the first time from the country (Abu Yaman, 1966). ...
... In the most arid section of the Middle East (Saudi Arabia, Yemen, Oman, UAE, Iran), R. aegyptiacus was found only in relatively humid coastal and/or mountain areas as well as in isolated desert oases. In Saudi Arabia, the available records come from the Hijaz Mountain range and from fertile spots in the coastal lowlands; besides these numerous localities, several new records come from rather isolated oases of the Arabian Desert (see Aloufi et al., 2016;Al Obaid et al., 2023), Al Ula and Al Mendasah (ca. 130 km from the Red Sea coast), Medina (ca. ...
... By the year 2000, a list that included 29 species was published [24], and the timing and pattern of molt in Pipistrellus kuhlii were studied in Saudi Arabia [25]. Since then, the bats of Tabuk Province were studied with 10 recorded species, including a new record for Barbastella leucomelas [26], and additional record of Mops midas [27]. Little has been done to update the bat fauna, and no information is available on the threats to and conservation status of the bats of Saudi Arabia. ...
... In the surrounding countries, 19,26,4,3,3,9,17, and 31 bat species have been recorded from Iraq, Jordan, Bahrain, Kuwait, Qatar, United Arab Emirates, Oman, and Yemen, respectively [28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35]. ...
... In Egypt, pregnant females were observed during April [50]. Previous records: Hufuf [1], Jeddah and its vicinity [2], Durma, 80 km NW of Mekka, near Usfan [6], Al-Aytaliah [54], Abha, S of Riyadh, near Taif [34], Jubail, Ras al-Abkhara [55], and Al Beda' [26]. ...
The bats of Saudi Arabia consist of 30 species and 21 genera within 9 families (Pteropodidae, Rhinopomatidae, Rhinolophidae, Emballonuridae, Nycteridae, Hipposideridae, Miniopteridae, Molossidae, and Vespertilionidae). Some species have been recorded from only one locality: Epomophorus labiatus, Hipposideros megalotis and Asellia patrizii. The taxonomy of some species was updated. Details on the past and present distribution of the bats were included along with available data on their habitat preference and biology. An analysis of the bat fauna of Saudi Arabia revealed that they have six major zoogeographical affinities; Afrotropical (eight species), Saharo-Sindian (three species), Afrotropical-Palaearctic (four species), Palaearctic (four species), oriental (one species), and Afrotropical-oriental (two species). Asellia patrizii stands as an endemic species known only from Eretria, Ethiopia, and Farasan Island in Saudi Arabia, and Rhyneptesicus nasutus is considered as a Middle East endemic species with distribution confined to Iraq, Iran, and Afghanistan, reaching as far as western Arabia. At least six more species are suspected to occur in Saudi Arabia, since they have been reported from neighboring Yemen. The threats to and conservation status of the bats of Saudi Arabia were highlighted.
... The presence of different kinds of animals in a geographical region is very important for a balanced environment and a functional ecosystem. In the Tabuk region, studies are conducted to identify the biodiversity of insects, snails, fishes, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals in different seasons and year [18,[54][55][56][57][58]. In the following passage, a comprehensive account is presented to draw a baseline data from the published reports. ...
... There were also 20 CITES-listed species recorded form the area of the study [18]. [54] Mallon and Budd (2011) [62] In another study, Aloufi, et al. (2016) reported 10 bat species (Table 5) based on their echolocation calls. One new species (Barbastella leucomelas) was identified and added to the list of bat species of Saudi Arabia and Arabian Peninsula. ...
... One new species (Barbastella leucomelas) was identified and added to the list of bat species of Saudi Arabia and Arabian Peninsula. Moreover, occurrence of R. aegyptiacus was observed expanding the distribution range of bat species in northwestern part of Saudi Arabia [55]. The diversity and distribution of bats in Saudi Arabia is still unexplored. ...
Biodiversity refers to all of the all types of species in one geographical region or ecosystem. It consists of plants, animals, bacteria, and other life forms. As an estimate, around 1.7 million species are on record globally and approximately 15,000–18,000 new species are added each year. Global climate change is accelerating species extinction due to habitat destruction. Further, various abiotic and biotic environmental factors are limiting the pattern of biodiversity in a geographical region. A change in species category from endangered to extinction occurs due to their physiological, morphological, and life history pattern, which limits them to a specific niche. Biodiversity is very important for energy production and flow, bioremediation, and biogeochemical cycling of nutrients in terrestrial to aquatic ecosystems and vice versa. It is further required for human existence in the form of food, fibers, medicines, and biological control. Therefore, consistent monitoring, assessment, and conservation of ecological habitats and diversity of flora and fauna of aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems is the need of the hour. In this article, we are presenting an assessment based upon the literature survey on the biodiversity of Tabuk region of Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. A comprehensive study on the biodiversity of plants, animals and microorganisms of the Tabuk region (Tabuk city, Tayma, Haql, Sharma, Duba, Al Wajh and Umluj, Al Zetah, Al Beda’a, etc.) are included in this review. This study will be a landmark as it is conducted at the inception of NEOM project in Tabuk region. It will help the authorities to enhance the native green cover, decrease desertification, regenerate biodiversity in natural environments, and advance the quality of life, to achieve the objectives of the Saudi Green Initiative and VISION 2030. However, studies and investigations on Tabuk biodiversity are still limited and need further exploration. Recently, a joint work between King Salman Royal Natural Reserve (KSRNR) and Department of Biology of University of Tabuk is underway to monitor the baseline data of flora and fauna of this region.
... The bats use low duty cycle (LDC) echolocation and locates their prey using frequency-modulated (FM) echolocation calls ending with a quasi-constant frequency (QCF) component (Fenton 2003;Holderied et al. 2005;Benda et al. 2008;Aloufi et al. 2016;Hackett et al. 2017). In search flight Botta's serotine emitted calls of~7 ms duration, a peak frequency of 32.5 kHz, a bandwidth of 8.7 kHz, and a mean pulse interval of 155.6 ms, giving an average call repetition rate of 8.42 Hz and a duty cycle of 7.6% (Holderied et al. 2005). ...
... Both Megachiropterans and Microchiropterans have been reported from Saudi Arabia and 30 species occur in Saudi Arabia (Nader 1990(Nader , 2000Aloufi et al. 2016). To date, coccidian parasites of bats from Saudi Arabia have been reported from only one vespertilionid bat, Pipistrellus kuhlii (Kuhl, 1817), in central Saudi Arabia, from which 3 Eimeria species were described (Alyousif 1999a, b;Alyousif et al. 1999), but no one yet has documented intestinal coccidians from any specimens of Scotophilus leucogaster (Cretzschmar, 1830). ...
A novel species of coccidia, resembling a member of the genus Eimeria, was found in bats, Scotophilus leucogaster, collected in southern Saudi Arabia has been described on the basis of unsporulated oocysts and DNA sequencing of the Internal Transcribed Spacer 1 (ITS1) and partial 18S rDNA regions. Unsporulated oocysts of this form are ovoidal to spheroidal and had a 2-layered wall, 1.5–2.0 (1.9 ± 0.2); the outer layer was light blue with striations, and thicker than the inner, darker layer. No micropyle was present. Unsporulated oocysts (N = 150) measured 27.2 × 22.1 (25–30 × 20–25), length width ratio, 1.2 (1.1–1.4). There was no evidence of an oocyst residuum and/or polar granule. This parasite was detected in 2/7 (29%) S. leucogaster collected from southern Saudi Arabia. Oocysts incubated at 25 °C in 2.5% K2Cr2O7 did not sporulate after > 1 month. Unsporulated oocyst measurements were compared with other coccidian parasites of bats that discharge oocysts in their feces. Sequences of the ITS1 and the 18S rDNA regions obtained from the unsporulated oocysts grouped this coccidium from S. leucogaster with eimerian species from various rodent and squirrel species. It is critical that future investigators obtain fully sporulated oocysts of this coccidium for full description of the parasite recovered in our study so it can be correctly assigned to genus and given an accurate binomial.
... The species is found in a wide range of arid and semi-arid habitats including lowland farmland and rocky foothills (Benda et al. 2006, Shebab et al. 2007, Aloufi 2016. It is a crevice dwelling species that inhabits buildings, ruins (including tombs), and natural rock crevices throughout the year (Benda et al. 2006(Benda et al. , 2012Shebab et al. 2007). ...
