(A) Representative histograms demonstrating positive and negative staining of AN-MSCs or IC-MSCs from a single patient. (B) Expression of surface markers in the AN-MSCs or the IC-MSCs isolated from the four patients.

(A) Representative histograms demonstrating positive and negative staining of AN-MSCs or IC-MSCs from a single patient. (B) Expression of surface markers in the AN-MSCs or the IC-MSCs isolated from the four patients.

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Purpose Atrophic nonunion is one of the most difficult complications of fracture. The cellular factors that contribute to atrophic nonunion are poorly understood, and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are recognized as the key contributor to bone formation. This study aimed to characterize the MSCs isolated from the fibrotic tissue of atrophic nonunion...

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... to the criteria for defining MSCs proposed by the International Society for Cellular Therapy (ISCT) [18], the positive surface markers (CD73, CD90, and CD105) and negative surface markers (CD34 and CD45) were selected to analyze the isolated ANMSCs or IC-MSCs by flow cytometric analysis. As shown in Fig. 3, the isolated AN-MSCs or IC-MSCs at passage 3 were positive for MSC-special markers (CD73, CD90, and CD105), and negative hematopoietic markers (CD34 and CD45). ...

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