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A. Heterodermia pseudospeciosa, longitudinal section through thallus showing the periclinal hyphae of the upper cortex forming a prosoplectenchyma characterizing Heterodermia s.lat. (scale 20 µm). B. Physcia erumpens, longitudinal section through thallus showing the anticlinal hyphae of the upper cortex forming a paraplectenchyma, characteristic for Physcia s.lat. C. Leucodermia leucomelos f. albociliata, lobes dichotomously branched, ribbon-like with conspicuous long marginal rhizines. D. Polyblastidium subneglectum (Elix) Kalb, comb. nov., Mycobank MB 813851, Basionym: Heterodermia subneglecta Elix, Australas. Lichenol. 68: 17 (2011), lobes irregularly to sympodially branched, appressed to the substrate not or only slightly ascending towards the tips. E. Heterodermia galactophylla, tufts of apically ascending lobes with white marginal rhizines. F. Heterodermia comosa, thallus subfruticose, lobes affixed mainly near the base, with paddle-shaped tips and white cilia.
Source publication
A revision of 245 Heterodermia s.lat. collections from Thailand preserved in RAMK, herb. F. Schumm and herb. K. Kalb is presented. The 39 species found in this material are assigned to the genera Heterodermia Trevis. s.str. with a lower cortex and Pachysporaria-type ascospores (without sporoblastidia), Leucodermia Kalb, gen. nov., with foliose to s...
Contexts in source publication
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... with cilia. Upper surface whitish, gray to yellow-gray, plane to convex, or concave towards the periphery, dull or glossy, with or without isidia, soredia, phyllidia and lobules; pseudocyphellae sometimes present along margins of the lobes and/or along the margins of the apothecia; cortex composed of periclinal hyphae forming a prosoplectenchyma (Fig. 1A) [contrary to the upper cortex of Physcia s.lat. which is formed from anticlinal hyphae, pattering a paraplectenchyma (Fig. 1B)]. Hypothallus absent. Photobiont forming a continuous or seldom, e.g. in H. hypoleuca an interrupted and discontinuous layer. Medulla well defined, white or partly yellow or shades of orange or ...
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... or without isidia, soredia, phyllidia and lobules; pseudocyphellae sometimes present along margins of the lobes and/or along the margins of the apothecia; cortex composed of periclinal hyphae forming a prosoplectenchyma (Fig. 1A) [contrary to the upper cortex of Physcia s.lat. which is formed from anticlinal hyphae, pattering a paraplectenchyma (Fig. 1B)]. Hypothallus absent. Photobiont forming a continuous or seldom, e.g. in H. hypoleuca an interrupted and discontinuous layer. Medulla well defined, white or partly yellow or shades of orange or ...
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... Leucomelos-growth form: Thallus loosely adnate or, in part, not attached to the substrate; dichotomously branched, lobes mostly long, narrow, ecorticate below and with marginal rhizines. For the species with this growth form the new genus Leucodermia is introduced (Fig. 1C). 2. Speciosa-growth form: Thallus entirely attached to the substrate; lobes sympodially or irregularly branched, mostly short or sublinear-elongate, corticate or ecorticate below ( Fig. 1D), with or without marginal rhizines. The species with a corticate lower surface are retained in the genus Heterodermia s.str., while those with an ...
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... lobes mostly long, narrow, ecorticate below and with marginal rhizines. For the species with this growth form the new genus Leucodermia is introduced (Fig. 1C). 2. Speciosa-growth form: Thallus entirely attached to the substrate; lobes sympodially or irregularly branched, mostly short or sublinear-elongate, corticate or ecorticate below ( Fig. 1D), with or without marginal rhizines. The species with a corticate lower surface are retained in the genus Heterodermia s.str., while those with an ecorticate lower surface and without a fluffy cotton-woolly lower surface, which is impregnated by anthraquinones, are placed in the new genus Polyblastidium. 3. Galactophylla-growth form: ...
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... Leucodermia leucomelos (L.) Kalb, comb. nov. (Fig. 10B Jørgensen et al. 1994: 329, 378). Remarks:-Many synonyms as well as varieties and forms are listed for this species in Kurokawa (1962) and elsewhere. They are not repeated here, because they may well represent independent species when modern chemical and molecular methods are applied to their ...
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... Polyblastidium fragilissimum (Kurok.) Kalb, comb. nov. (Fig. 10D) Mycobank MB 813840 Basionym: Anaptychia fragilissima Kurok., Beih. Nova Hedwigia 6: 60 (1962). Type:-JAPAN. Prov. Kii: Mt. Koya, Nuymaziri ...
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... reported from Thailand:-Chiang Mai: Doi Inthanon National Park (Wolseley & Aguirre-Hudson (1997: 333). (Fig. 10E) Mycobank MB 813842 Basionym: Anaptychia hypocaesia Yasuda, In: Räsänen, J. Jap. Bot. 16: 139 (1940 Thallus foliose, orbicular to irregularly spreading, loosely adnate, to 5 cm wide, but often coalescing to form colonies up to 15 cm wide. Lobes 0.5-1.2 mm wide, to c. 2-3 (-5) mm wide at the tips, plane to weakly convex or weakly ...
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... wide, to c. 2-3 (-5) mm wide at the tips, plane to weakly convex or weakly concave, sublinear-elongate, dichotomously branched, radiating; apices ascending, usually discrete, ± lobulate along the lobe margins, the lobules ± rounded or sparingly branched, 0.3-0.8 mm wide, 0.5-1.0 mm long. 8. Polyblastidium propaguliferum (Vain.) Kalb, comb. nov. (Fig. 11C 9719, (RAMK 8983)-Phetchaburi: Kaeng Krachan, along trail Khao Phanoenthung, in hill evergreen forest, on bark of Lithocarpus polystachyus, 1210m, 12°53'07'' N, 99°37'53'' E, 12 February 2006 Thallus foliose, orbicular to irregularly spreading, loosely adnate, to 8 cm wide. Lobes 0.5-2.0 mm wide, plane to weakly convex or weakly ...
Citations
... Kalb in Mongkolsuk et al. (2015) introduced the new genus Leucodermia Kalb with L. leucomelos (L.) Kalb as the type, including an illustration of L. leucomelos f. albociliata, characterized by its distinctive white cilia (Mongkolsuk et al. 2015: fig. 1C). ...
... Kalb in Mongkolsuk et al. (2015) introduced the new genus Leucodermia Kalb with L. leucomelos (L.) Kalb as the type, including an illustration of L. leucomelos f. albociliata, characterized by its distinctive white cilia (Mongkolsuk et al. 2015: fig. 1C). ...
A checklist of Lichen-forming, Lichenicolous and Allied Fungi of Ecuador is presented with a total of 2599 species, of which 39 are reported for the first time from the country. The names of three species, Hypotrachyna montufariensis , H. subpartita and Sticta hypoglabra , previously not validly published, are validated. Pertusaria oahuensis , originally introduced by Magnusson as ‘ ad interim ’, is validated as Lepra oahuensis . The form Leucodermia leucomelos f. albociliata is validated. Two new combinations, Fissurina tectigera and F. timida , are made, and Physcia mobergii is introduced as a replacement name for the illegitimate P. lobulata Moberg non (Flörke) Arnold. In an initial step, the checklist was compiled by reviewing literature records of Ecuadorian lichen biota spanning from the late 19th century to the present day. Subsequently, records were added based on vouchers from 56 collections participating in the Consortium of Lichen Herbaria , a Symbiota-based biodiversity platform with particular focus on, but not exclusive to, North and South America. Symbiota provides sophisticated tools to manage biodiversity data, such as occurrence records, a taxonomic thesaurus, and checklists. The thesaurus keeps track of frequently changing names, distinguishing taxa currently accepted from ones considered synonyms. The software also provides tools to create and manage checklists, with an emphasis on selecting vouchers based on occurrence records that can be verified for identification accuracy. Advantages and limitations of creating checklists in Symbiota versus traditional ways of compiling these lists are discussed. Traditional checklists are well suited to document current knowledge as a ‘snapshot in time’. They are important baselines, frequently used by ecologists and conservation scientists as an established naming convention for citing species reported from a country. Compiling these lists, however, requires an immense effort, only to inadequately address the dynamic nature of scientific discovery. Traditional checklists are thus quickly out of date, particularly in groups with rapidly changing taxonomy, such as lichenized fungi. Especially in megadiverse countries, where new species and new occurrences continue to be discovered, traditional checklists are not easily updated; these lists necessarily fall short of efficiently managing immense data sets, and they rely primarily on secondary evidence (i.e. literature records rather than specimens). Ideally, best practices make use of dynamic database platforms such as Symbiota to assess occurrence records based both on literature citations and voucher specimens. Using modern data management tools comes with a learning curve. Systems like Symbiota are not necessarily intuitive and their functionality can still be improved, especially when handling literature records. However, online biodiversity data platforms have much potential in more efficiently managing and assessing large biodiversity data sets, particularly when investigating the lichen biota of megadiverse countries such as Ecuador.
... Members of the Heterodermia-complex (Physciaceae) can easily be recognized based on cilia that cover their lobed, grayish to white thalli and among foliose lichens they are one of the most common lichens in tropical and subtropical regions, with a few species reaching temperate regions. Many 'Heterodermia' species have been described from North America, India, Africa, Europe, Thailand and many other regions (Moberg 2011;Mongkolsuk et al. 2015). However, only recently this Heterodermia-complex was investigated based on a multigen phylogenetic approach so that Heterodermia s.lat. ...
... However, the latter might be confused with Heterodermia circinalis but this species has its main distribution in the paramos of South America, above 3.000 m (e.g. Mongkolsuk et al. 2015) which indicates a significantly different ecology compared to the Coastal Range of the Atacama Desert. In addition, H. circinalis is P+ in both, the medulla and the cortex and has leucotylin (e.g. ...
... In addition, H. circinalis is P+ in both, the medulla and the cortex and has leucotylin (e.g. Mongkolsuk et al. 2015;Kurokawa 1962) whereas H. adunca was P-in all parts and did not contain leucotylin. ...
Some deserts on Earth such as the Namib or the Atacama are influenced by fog which can lead to the formation of local fog oases-unique environments hosting a great diversity of specialized plants and lichens. Lichens of the genera Ramalina, Niebla or Het-erodermia have taxonomically been investigated from fog oases around the globe but not from the Atacama Desert, one of the oldest and driest deserts. Conditioned by its topography and the presence of orographic fog, the National Park Pan de Azúcar in the Atacama Desert is considered to be such a lichen hotspot. Applying multi-gen loci involving phylogenetic analyses combined with intense morphological and chemical characterization, we determined the taxonomic position of five of the most abundant epiphytic lichens of this area. We evaluated Roccellinastrum spongoideum and Hetero-dermia follmannii which were both described from the area but also finally showed that the genus Cenozosia is the endemic sister genus to Ramalina, Vermilacinia, Namibialina and Niebla. As a result, we have described the species Heterodermia adunca, C. cava and C. excorticata as new lichen species. This work provides a comprehensive dataset for common fog lichen genera of the Coastal Range of the Atacama Desert that can be used as a baseline for monitoring programs and environmental health assessments.
... boryi (Fée) Swinscow & Krog). However, Kalb in a recent study (Mongkolsuk et al. 2015) suggested the separation of these taxa at species level. The salazinic acid containing specimens are recombined in a new genus as Leucodermia leucomelos (L.) Kalb. ...
... The specimen studied here is lacking salazinic acid (and one of the detected water repellent substances can be identified as japonene minor -cf. Mongkolsuk et al. 2015), therefore it is kept as L. boryi. ...
... L. leucomelos extends to cooler regions, reaching the temperate zones (Swinscow and Krog 1988). According to Mongkolsuk et al. (2015) L. boryi occurs more rarely on mossy rocks in montane evergreen forest and lower montane forest; it is found also in warm temperate regions. This fungus is highly pathogenic on various lichen hosts (Hawksworth 1977; Darmostuk 2019) causing bleached, black marginated necrotic spots on the surface of the host (Figure 2c). ...
Hungarian collections of lichen-forming and lichenicolous fungi from Kenya and Tanzania were studied analysing morphological and anatomical characters, as well as secondary chemistry by chromatography (HPTLC). Altogether 39 species of lichen-forming fungi and three species of lichenicolous fungi have been recognized and deposited in VBI. The lichens Bulbothrix kenyana, Chrysothrix xanthina, Lobaria discolor, Parm otrem a durum ae and P. taitae were discovered as new for Tanzania; Usnea abissinica and U. sanguinea are new for Kenya. The first records of the lichenicolous fungi Didymocyrtis cf. melanelixiae, Lichenoconium erodens and Spirographa lichenicola are presented from East Africa.
... Классификация крупных таксонов основана на системе лишайников, принятой в России (Флора…2014). Видовые названия даны в соответствии со списком лихенофлоры России (Список…2010) с учётом обновляющихся электронных ресурсов (Consortium…2021; Index Fungorum 2022; MycoBank Database 2022) и ряда современных литературных источников (Mongolsuk et al. 2015;Hafellner, Türk 2016;Kistenich et al. 2018;Ren 2019;Cannon et al. 2020;Makryi, Skirina 2020;Kuznetsova et al. 2021). ...
The list of lichen species in need of protection was revised for the new edition of the Red Data Book of Primorsky Krai. Changes in lichen taxonomy and additions to information on species ecology and distribution were taken into account. The updated list includes 56 lichen species. We justify the need to introduce 6 lichen species into the regional Red Data Book and exclude 16 lichen species. The following species are recommended to be included in the new regional Red Data Book: Scytinium lichenoides, Alectoria sarmentosa, Hypogymnia fujisanensis, Pyxine sibirica, Phaeophyscia pyrrhophora, Umbilicaria deusta. We propose to exclude the following lichens from the regional Red Data Book: Lichenomphalia hudsoniana, Vulpicida viridis, Parmotrema cetratum, Platismatia erosa, Platismatia glauca, Platismatia norvegica, Anzia colpodes, Hypogymnia metaphysodes, Hypogymnia submundata, Lobaria crassior, Lobaria isidiosa, Nephromopsis laureri, Nephromopsis pseudocomplicata, Nephromopsis pallesens, Cetrelia davidiana, Cetrelia nuda.
... También se requirió de la aplicación de las pruebas químicas convencionales (K, C, P, I) y la exposición a la luz UV (Brodo et al. 2001). Se consultaron claves taxonómicas especializadas para géneros y especies , Amtoft et al. 2008, Mongkolsuk et al. 2015, Brodo et al. 2016, Kitaura et al. 2019. Para Heterodermia se usaron las claves de Mongkolsuk et al. (2015) y de Souza et al. (2022), en conjunto con la diferenciación de los cristales de ácido salazinico y ácido norstictico. ...
... Se consultaron claves taxonómicas especializadas para géneros y especies , Amtoft et al. 2008, Mongkolsuk et al. 2015, Brodo et al. 2016, Kitaura et al. 2019. Para Heterodermia se usaron las claves de Mongkolsuk et al. (2015) y de Souza et al. (2022), en conjunto con la diferenciación de los cristales de ácido salazinico y ácido norstictico. En este caso, se efectuó la extracción de una porción de la médula del talo liquénico y se colocó en un portaobjetos; a ésta se le aplicó una gota de KOH que produce la cristalización de los ácidos, cuya forma es observada con el uso de microscopio. ...
Antecedentes:
La diversidad liquénica en el estado de Aguascalientes ha sido históricamente desatendida. Excepto por las investigaciones efectuadas en sus zonas áridas, los demás tipos de vegetación permanecen inexplorados.
Hipótesis:
La riqueza de hongos liquenizados registrados para el estado de Aguascalientes aumentará con la exploración y colecta en los tipos de vegetación presentes en el estado. Con esto, se encontrarán especies de interés para la conservación de los ecosistemas, incluyendo especies endémicas de México y/o amenazadas.
Descripción de datos:
Hongos liquenizados, tipos de vegetación, sustratos.
Sitio y años de estudio:
Estado de Aguascalientes, 2018 a 2021.
Métodos:
Revisión e identificación taxonómica de la colección de hongos liquenizados del herbario HUAA. Una vez detectadas las especies endémicas, se calcularon la Extensión de Ocurrencia (EOO) y el Área de ocupación (AOO) para evaluar el estado de conservación según la Lista Roja de la UICN.
Resultados:
Se presentaron 162 registros nuevos para el estado de Aguascalientes. Chrysothrix insulizans R.C. Harris & Ladd, Hertelidea botryosa (Fr.) Kantvilas & Printzen y Sarcogyne novomexicana H. Magn., fueron registros nuevos para el país. Los líquenes epífitos y la forma de crecimiento foliosa fueron dominantes. Parmotrema acutatum ocupó un EOO = 192,141 km², mientras Phaeophyscia sonorae resultó en EOO = 18,285 km².
Conclusiones:
El número de especies de hongos liquenizados para el estado de Aguascalientes asciende a 218. Se sugiere la publicación en la Lista Roja de la UICN para Parmotrema acutatum Kurok. en la categoría de Menor Preocupación (LC) y Phaeophyscia sonorae Essl. como Vulnerable (VU).
... Trabajo de laboratorio. Para la correcta identificación de las muestras tanto de forófitos como de líquenes se siguie-ron las claves taxonómicas especializadas (Jørgensen y Nash III 2004, Kashiwadani y Nash III 2004, Staiger y Kalb 2004, Mongkolsuk et al. 2015, Kitaura et al. 2015, Brodo 2016, Herrera-Campos et al. 2016. La identificación de los forófitos fue corroborada en el Laboratorio de Sistemática y Morfología de la Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas de la UAEM. ...
Oak forests, predominantly composed of Quercus species, often coexist with other tree species. Lichens are an important component of these forests. This study aimed to identify the phorophyte species present in Quercus forests within fragments of two protected natural areas in morelos, Mexico, and to compare the epiphytic lichen community between the two sampling locations. Each selected phorophyte was measured for height, crown coverage, and breast height diameter. These variables were compared using the Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon U-test. The lichen community was assessed at each sampling location using the first-order Jackknife nonparametric test. Subsequently, the Shannon diversity index, species indicator analysis and two-way cluster analysis were applied. The results revealed that in one locality, Quercus magnolifolia dominated, with some elements of Q. acutifolia and Harpalyce formosa. This location contained the highest tree density (59 individuals), relatively younger trees, and the greatest lichen richness (52). The most abundant lichen species were Canoparmelia cryptochlorophaea, Hypotrachyna gracilescens and Endohyalina ericina. Quercus glaucoides was found exclusively in the mature forest, with 22 individuals and 11 lichen species. The most abundant lichen species in this location were Physcia integrata, Leptogium cyanescens, and L. milligranum. The total lichen richness between both locations was 90 species (30 in the opportunistic collection). They shared only 13 species, and 20 were new records for the state of Morelos.
... Since the first study of Thai lichens, which recorded 95 species (Vainio 1909), various new records and new species have been reported (e.g., Paulson 1930, Yoshimura 1978, Boonpragob et al. 1998, Pooprang et al. 1999, Vongshewarat et al. 1999, Nakanishi et al. 2001, Homchantara & Coppins 2002 and a first catalogue of lichens occurring in the country included 554 species (Wolseley et al. 2002). Subsequently, through collaborations between Thai and international lichenologists, several publications have documented the large diversity of lichens from various parts of Thailand (e.g., Jariangprasert & Anusarnsunthorn 2005, Aptroot et al. 2007, Lumbsch et al. 2011, Mongkolsuk et al. 2015, Naksuwankul et al. 2016. In 2017, the latest checklist (Buaruang et al. 2017) included 1,297 species, more than double the taxa of the preceding one. ...
Poengsungnoen, V., Meethong, U., Buaruang, K., Boonpragob, K. & Lumbsch, H. T. 2022. New records of corticolous and foliicolous lichens from Thailand. – Herzogia 35: 621– 629.
Seven species of corticolous and foliicolous lichens are recorded for the first time for Thailand. Four species are new to Asia: Acanthotrema brasilianum, Cruentotrema amazonum, Microtheliopsis uniseptata, and Ocellularia petrinensis. Asteristion cupulare is new to Southeast Asia, whereas Fellhanera semecarpi and Phylloblastia mucronata are new to Thailand. The genera Acanthotrema and Phylloblastia have not previously been reported from Thailand. The total number of lichen species known from Thailand is now 1,410. The main diagnostic characters and distributions of the new records are discussed and illustrations provided.
Poengsungnoen, V., Meethong, U., Buaruang, K., Boonpragob, K. & Lumbsch, H. T. 2022. Neufunde von corticolen und foliicolen Flechten aus Thailand. – Herzogia 35: 621– 629.
Sieben Arten von corticolen und foliicolen Flechten werden erstmals für Thailand nachgewiesen. Dazu gehören vier Arten, die erstmals für Asien nachgewiesen werden: Acanthotrema brasilianum, Cruentotrema amazonum, Microtheliopsis uniseptata und Ocellularia petrinensis; eine Art ist neu für Südostasien: Asteristion cupulare; zwei Arten sind neu für Thailand: Fellhanera semecarpi und Phylloblastia mucronata. Die Gattungen Acanthotrema und Phylloblastia sind bisher nicht aus Thailand bekannt gewesen. Die Gesamtzahl der aus Thailand bekannten Flechtenarten liegt derzeit bei 1410. Die wichtigsten diagnostischen Merkmale und Verbreitungsangaben der Neufunde werden diskutiert und die Arten illustriert.
... 2, transmitted light microscope Zeiss Primo Star, a standard set of chemical reagents for carrying out color spots reactions for identification of certain groups of lichen substances in thalli. The nomenclature of lichens mainly follows Yoshimura (1971), Elix, Hale (1987), Printzen, Tønsberg, (2003), Blanco et al. (2004), Frisch et al. (2006, Westberg (2007), Spisok… (2010), Spribille et al. (2014), Gagarina (2015), Mongkolsuk et al. (2015), Printzen et al. (2016), Lendemer, Harris (2017), Sheard et al. (2017), Tchabanenko (2018, Westberg et al. (2021), and Flora… (2022). ...
Information on lichens of Shikotan Island based on original and literature data is provided. Altogether 278 lichen species and allied fungi are documented, of which Xylographa hians is new to Eurasia, Candelariella subdeflexa is new to Russia, nine species are new to the Russian Far East, 28 species are new to the Sakhalin Region, 39 species are new to Kuril Islands, and 94 species are new to Shikotan Island. For each species, data on distribution in the Sakhalin Region and neighboring regions are given.
... Key literature: Brodo et al. 2013;Brodo 2016;Esslinger 2016aEsslinger , 2016bEsslinger , 2016cEsslinger et al. 2020;Goward et al. 1994;Lendemer 2009;Lendemer & Hodkinson 2010. . We have not adopted the taxonomy of Mongkolsuk et al. (2015) while we wait on the work of T. Esslinger and S. Leavitt on Physciaceae in North America, and collaborative molecular work with T. Spribille. Rare river valley and ravine system epiphyte. ...
Here we provide one of the first detailed studies of lichen and allied fungi diversity in a continental North American city (Edmonton, Alberta, Canada), including an annotated checklist, images of all species, dichotomous keys, and local distribution maps. Edmonton is the northernmost city in North America with a population of over one million, and an industrial and transportation gateway for much of northern Canada. Lichen-based biomonitoring could be a tool to track airborne pollutants resulting from Edmonton’s growing populace and industrial activity. The first step towards such a program is documenting the diversity and distribution of lichens in the city. To accomplish this, we conducted a city-wide, systematic survey of 191 sites focused on epiphytes growing on deciduous boulevard trees. We augmented that survey with surveys of rare trees, opportunistic collections from river valley and ravine habitats, herbarium collections, phylogenetic analyses of a subset of collections, and observations submitted to online nature-reporting applications. We present ITS sequence barcode data for 33 species, phylogenetic analyses for Candelariaceae, Endocarpon, Flavopunctelia, the Lecanora dispersa group, Lecidella, Peltigera, Physconia, and Punctelia, and detailed descriptions of 114 species in 47 genera and 23 families. Two species are hypothesized to be new to North America (Endocarpon aff. unifoliatum, Lecidella albida), twelve more are new to Alberta (Amandinea dakotensis, Bacidia circumspecta, Candelaria pacifica, Candelariella antennaria, Heterodermia japonica, Lecania naegelii, Lecanora sambuci, Lecanora stanislai, Lecidea erythrophaea, Peltigera islandica, Phaeocalicium aff. tremulicola, and the introduced Xanthoria parietina), and five are putative new species to science (Physcia aff. dimidiata, Physcia aff. stellaris, Phaeocalicium sp., Phaeocalicium aff. tremulicola, Lichenaceae sp.). Illustrations are provided for all species to aid in verification and public outreach. Species richness was highest in foliose lichens (48), followed by crustose and calicioid lichens and allied fungi (41), with the lowest richness in fruticose lichens (25). We did a preliminary assessment of the suitability of species for citizen-science biomonitoring by assessing their distribution across the city, perceptibility to the public, identification accuracy, and, for a subset, how consistently species were surveyed by trained novices. Compared to other urban areas where lichen diversity has been studied, Edmonton is relatively species-rich in calicioids and Peltigera. Promising bioindicators may be limited to chlorolichens, including Caloplaca spp., Evernia mesomorpha, Flavopunctelia spp., Phaeophyscia orbicularis, Physcia adscendens, Physcia aipolia group, Physcia aff. stellaris, Usnea spp., and Xanthomendoza fallax. Other genera that may be responsive to pollutants such as Cladonia and Peltigera were almost exclusively restricted to river valley and ravine ecosystems, limiting their application as bioindicators. Some species commonly used as biomonitors elsewhere were too rare, small, poorly developed, or obscured by more common species locally (e.g., Candelaria concolor s.l., Xanthomendoza hasseana). The low overlap with lists of biomonitoring species from other regions of North America illustrates the necessity of grounding monitoring in knowledge of local diversity. Future augmentation of this list should focus on enhanced sampling of downed wood-, conifer-, and rock-dwelling lichens, particularly crustose species. The next step in developing a biomonitoring program will require modelling species’ responses to known air quality and climatic gradients.
... Two genera, Polyblastidium Kalb and Leucoderma Kalb, were segregated from Heterodermia without confirmation from molecular data (Mongkolsuk et al. 2015). Elix et al. (2009) described new Australian species of the Physcia aipolia group, P. austrostellaris Elix, P. tropica Elix, P. littoralis Elix, and P. jackii Moberg, illustrated by a phylogenetic tree based on nrITS and mtSSU sequences of the Physcia aipolia group. ...
Seven genera new to science, i.e.: Helmutiopsis, Huriopsis, Johnsheardia, Klauskalbia, Kudratovia, Kurokawia and Poeltonia of the Physciaceae are proposed for the ‘Rinodina’ atrocinerea, the ‘Rinodina’ xanthophaea, the ‘Rinodina’ cinnamomea, the ‘Heterodermia’ obscurata, the ‘Rinodina’ straussii, the ‘Anaptychia’ isidiata and the ‘Physconia’ grisea groups consequently that all form strongly supported monophyletic branches in a phylogeny analysis based on a combined matrix of nrITS and mtSSU sequences.
Phylogenetic positions of species belonging to the genera Kashiwadia s. l., Leucodermia, Mischoblastia,Oxnerella, Phaeorrhiza s. l., Polyblastidium and Rinodinella s. l. are discussed. Oxnerella afghanica which for the first time recorded as parasitic lichen species from both epiphytic and saxicolous crustose lichens is designated as type species for the genus Oxnerella .
Sequences of the recently described Physcia orientostellaris as well as Huriopsis xanthophaea and additional sequences of Kashiwadia aff. orientalis and Mischoblastia aff. oxydata are submitted to the GenBank.
The positions of Polyblastidium casaterrinum from Costa Rica, ‘ Rinodina ’ efflorescens from Białowieża, Poland, and ‘ Mischoblastia ’ confragosula from Cambodia in the Physciaceae are confirmed in a phylogeny analysis based on the nrITS sequences.
The presence of ‘extraneous mycobiont DNA’ in lichen associations is exemplified with earlier incorrect identifications of Heterodermia, Kashiwadia, Kurokawia,Oxnerella and Poeltonia specimens.
Fifty-six new combinations are presented: Helmutiopsis alba (for Rinodina alba Metzler ex Arn.), Helmutiopsis aspersa (for Lecanora aspersa Borrer), Helmutiopsis atrocinerea (for Parmelia atrocinerea Fr.), Huriopsis chrysidiata (for Rinodina chrysidiata Sheard), Huriopsis chrysomelaena (for Rinodina chrysomelaena Tuck.), Huriopsis lepida (for Lecanora lepida Nyl.), Huriopsis luteonigra (for Rinodina luteonigra Zahlbr.), Huriopsis plana (for Rinodina plana H. Magn.), Huriopsis thiomela (for Lecanora thiomela Nyl.), Huriopsis xanthomelana (for Rinodina xanthomelana Müll. Arg.), Huriopsis xanthophaea (for Lecanora xanthophaea Nyl.), Johnsheardia cinnamomea (for Rinodina mniaroea var. cinnamomea Th. Fr.), Johnsheardia herteliana (for Rinodina herteliana Kaschik), Johnsheardia jamesii (for Rinodina jamesii H. Mayrhofer), Johnsheardia reagens (for Rinodina reagens Matzer et H. Mayrhofer), Johnsheardia zwackhiana (for Lecanora zwackhiana Kremp.), Kashiwadia austrostellaris (for Physcia austrostellaris Elix), Kashiwadia jackii (for Physcia jackii Moberg), Kashiwadia littoralis for Physcia littoralis Elix), Kashiwadia nubila (for Physcia nubila Moberg), and Kashiwadia tropica (for Physcia tropica Elix), Klauskalbia crocea (for Heterodermia crocea R. C. Harris), Klauskalbia flabellata (for Parmelia flabellata Fée), Klauskalbia obscurata (for Physcia speciosa (Wulfen) Nyl. *obscurata Nyl.), Klauskalbia paradoxa (for Heterodermia paradoxa Schumm et Schäfer-Verwimp), Kudratovia bohlinii (for Rinodina bohlinii H. Magn.), Kudratovia candidogrisea (for Rinodina candidogrisea Hafellner, Muggia et Obermayer), Kudratovia luridata (for Buellia luridata Körb.), Kudratovia metaboliza (for Rinodina metaboliza Vain.), Kudratovia pycnocarpa (for Rinodina pycnocarpa H. Magn.), Kudratovia roscida (for Lecanora roscida Sommerf.), Kudratovia straussii (for Rinodina straussii J. Steiner), Kudratovia terrestris (for Rinodina terrestris Tomin), Kurokawia bryorum (for Anaptychia bryorum Poelt), Kurokawia isidiata (for Anaptychia isidiata Tomin), Kurokawia mereschkowskii (for Physcia mereschkowskii Tomin), Kurokawia palmulata (for Psoroma palmulatum Michx.), Kurokawia runcinata (for Lichen runcinatus With.), Kurokawia stippea (for Parmelia aquila var. stippea Ach.), Lecania safavidiorum (for Oxnerella safavidiorum S. Y. Kondr., Zarei-Darki, Lőkös et Hur), Leucodermia erinacea (for Lichen erinaceus Ach.), Mischoblastia confragosula (for Lecanora confragosula Nyl.), Mischoblastia destituta (for Lecidea destituta Nyl.), Mischoblastia moziana (for Lecanora moziana Nyl.), Mischoblastia moziana subsp. parasitica (comb. et stat. nova for Rinodina moziana var. parasitica Kaschik et H. Mayrhofer), Mischoblastia ramboldii (for Rinodina ramboldii Kaschik), Mischoblastia vezdae (for Rinodina vezdae H. Mayrhofer), Oxnerella afghanica (for Rinodina afghanica M. Steiner et Poelt), Oxnerella castanomelodes (for Rinodina castanomelodes H. Mayrhofer et Poelt), Physciella nigricans (for Lecanora nigricans Flörke), Poeltonia elegantula (for Physconia elegantula Essl.), Poeltonia grisea (for Lichen griseus Lam.), Poeltonia isidiomuscigena (for Physconia isidiomuscigena Essl.), Poeltonia perisidiosa (for Physcia perisidiosa Erichsen), Poeltonia venusta (for Parmelia venusta Ach.), and Polyblastidium albicans (for Parmelia albicans Pers.) are proposed.
